Human Sexuality 3rd Edition by Roger R. Hock – Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Test

CHAPTER 3:

The Physiology of Human Sexual Responding

Total Assessment Guide (T.A.G.)

 

Topic	Question Type	Factual	Conceptual	Application
Introduction to Chapter	Multiple Choice
	True/False
	Short Answer
	Essay
Historical Perspectives	Multiple Choice	1, 2, 4	3
	True/False	1-2	3
	Short Answer	1
	Essay
Biology, Psychology, and Human Sexual Responding	Multiple Choice		5-6
	True/False	4	5
	Short Answer
	Essay
Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model	Multiple Choice	– 9, 17, 20, 24, 25, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 49, 47, 48	7, 8, 10,  16, 19, 23, 26, 27, 43, 45, 49, 50,	11, 12,13,  14, 15, 18, 21, 22, 29, 30, 33, 40, 41, 42, 44, 46,
	True/False	6, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 25	7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, 18, 21, 23, 24
	Short Answer	2, 6, 8, 11	3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12
	Essay	1	2, 3, 4
Alternatives to Masters and Johnson	Multiple Choice	51, 52, 55, 56, 62	54, 58, 61	53, 57, 59, 60
	True/False	26,27, 29, 30	28
	Short Answer	13, -14	15, -16
	Essay	3		5

 

 

 

Major Headings:

 

1.    74 Introduction to Chapter

2.    4-76 Historical Perspectives

3.    76 Biology, Psychology, and Human Sexual Responding

4.    76-91 Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

5.    91-94 Alternatives to Masters and Johnson

 

 

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1.    According to the textbook, Kinsey’s research _________.

2.    provided information about what people say they do sexually

3.    focused on human sexual physiology and response

4.    identified the three stages of desire, excitement, and orgasm

5.    explained the cognitive stages of seduction, sensations, and surrender

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 74-75
Topic: Historical Perspectives
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Kinsey and his associates surveyed thousands of people about their sexual behaviors and attitudes; his research provided information about what people say they do sexually, but a gap remained about how the human body functions anatomically when we engage in sexual behavior.

 

2.    According to the textbook, Masters and Johnson’s research _________.

3.    provided information about what people say they do sexually

4.    focused on human sexual physiology and response

5.    identified the three stages of desire, excitement, and orgasm

6.    explained the cognitive stages of seduction, sensations, and surrender

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  75
Topic: Historical Perspectives
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson’s research into human sexual physiology and response is largely credited with revealing a great deal of our knowledge about how our bodies function during sexual activity.

 

3.    To study the physiological responses that occurs during sexual activity, Masters and Johnson _________.

4.    measured their participants’ feelings on a scale from 1 to 10

5.    only used the survey method to gather data

6.    measured the pulse, blood pressure, and rate of respiration of their participants

7.    only observed participants while masturbating

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 3
Page ref:  75
Topic: Historical Perspectives
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: In order to study physiological responses during sexual activity and stimulation, Masters and Johnson developed methods of measurement and observation that included measures of physiological response, such as pulse, blood pressure, and respiration rate.

 

4.    Human Sexual Response was written by _________.

5.    Kinsey

6.    Kaplan

7.    Reed

8.    Masters and Johnson

 

Answer: D
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 75
Topic: Historical Perspectives
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson continued to study human sexual responding for nearly 30 years after the publication of their book, Human Sexual Response.

 

5.    The willingness of humans to engage in mating behavior is _________.

6.    not clearly linked to the female’s fertility cycle to ensure reproduction

7.    linked with the female’s estrus cycle

8.    based on females responding to the male’s readiness to mate

9.    far simpler than nonhuman species

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  76
Topic: Biology, Psychology, and Human Sexual Responding
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: The sexual behaviors of many non-human mammals are governed primarily or exclusively by the biological forces of mating and reproduction, such as the fertility cycle of the female of the species. Unlike some members of the animal kingdom, human beings’ willingness or desire to engage in mating behavior is not clearly linked to a female’s fertility cycle in order to ensure reproduction.

 

6.    In contrast with nonhuman animals, the reasons for humans to engage in sexual behavior are _________.

7.    linked with the female’s estrus cycle

b, based on females responding to the male’s readiness to mate

1.    more complex because they are based on psychological and biological processes

2.    linked with the male’s desire to mate

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 76

Topic: Biology, Psychology, and Human Sexual Responding
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: While most nonhuman animals engage in sexual behavior for biological reasons, such as the instincts to mate and reproduce, the reasons that humans engage in sexual behavior are far more complex because psychological processes play a role as great, if not greater, than biological factors.

 

7.    Which of the following is the correct order in which the phases of Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response occur?

8.    plateau, orgasm, excitement, resolution

9.    excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

10.  desire, excitement, orgasm, resolution

11.  orgasm, plateau, excitement, resolution

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 77
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale:  To facilitate explanations of how our bodies change during sexual stimulation, Masters and Johnson divided the process into four phases of sexual response: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

 

8.    Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response made sense for many people because _________.

9.    Masters and Johnson had gained the public’s trust

10.  Masters and Johnson’s style of writing was well organized

11.  it converted the complex experience of sexual responding into a more clearly defined phenomenon

12.  their research dealt with a popular topic

 

Answer: C

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 77

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson acknowledged that the four stages of their model were not intended to be conceptualized as four separate and distinct events, and noted that it was fundamentally impossible to identify exactly where each stage began or ended.  The EPOR model took the complex experience of sexual responding and translated it into a more clearly defined process that was easy for most people to understand.

 

9.    Certain foods, chemicals, and fragrances believed to produce feelings of sexual desire and arousal in humans are called _________.

10.  aphrodisiacs

11.  pheromones

12.  chakras

13.  viagras

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 78, 80
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  Humans throughout history have believed in the magical powers of certain foods and substances to enhance sexual arousal and desire.  Science has yet to provide any evidence that true aphrodisiacs exist.

 

10.  Throughout history, many people have believed that certain foods or substances had the magical power to enhance human sexual arousal or desire. The problem with such beliefs is that _________.

11.  such items are too expensive for most people to afford

12.  such items are difficult to obtain in the United States

13.  most of those items taste terrible

14.  they’re false; no food, drink, or natural substance of any kind has ever been scientifically proven to have such effects on people

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 78, 80

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: No food, drunk, drug, chemical, or any natural substance has ever been demonstrated scientifically to produce the purported effects on human sexual desire and arousal.

 

11.  According to Masters and Johnson, when a man and a woman are in the excitement phase, and their erectile structures expand because of increased blood flow, this process is called _________.

12.  sex flush

13.  vasocongestion

14.  orgasm

15.  emission

 

Answer: B

Difficulty: 1

Page ref: 78

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: During the excitement stage for both sexes, blood beings to circulate into erectile structures throughout the body, causing them to expand and enlarge; this process is called vasocongestion.

 

12.  Curtis and Dinora are making love. As a result the skin on their chests and abdomens is becoming redder. What is this phenomenon called?

13.  sex flush

14.  the erectile phase

15.  pre-orgasm response

16.  sexual discoloration

 

Answer: A

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 78

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: During the excitement stage for both sexes, blood begins to circulate into erectile structures throughout the body, causing them to expand and enlarge. During this stage some people experience a reddening of the skin of the chest and abdomen; this is called a sex flush.

 

13.  Adnan is beginning to make love with his partner. According to Masters and Johnson what will be the first sign that Adnan is in the excitement phase?

14.  scrotal skin is tight

15.  contraction of anis

16.  erection of the penis

17.  ejaculation

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 78
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: For men, the first and most obvious sign that sexual excitement has started is the erection of the penis.

 

14.  Bertha is beginning to make love with her partner. According to Masters and Johnson what will be the most perceptible sign that Bertha is in the excitement phase?

15.  vaginal lubrication

16.  contraction of the anus

17.  tenting of the vagina

18.  ejaculation

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 78
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: For women, the most perceptible sign that sexual excitement has begun is vaginal lubrication.

 

15.  Earl practices a type of sex where the goal is to open up the chakras and unite his sexual energy with his partner’s energy channel, which creates a sensation of oneness and ecstasy. This is an example of _________ sex.

16.  orgasmic

17.  erotic

18.  Tantric

19.  kundakini

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Page ref:  79
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: In Tantric beliefs, the energy that is believed to flow through the body joins together seven main energy centers, called chakras, throughout the body, from the base of the spine to the scalp.  The goal of Tantric sex is to open up the chakras and move the sexual energy from the chakras nearest the genitals up to the heart, which is the “feeling chakra.”  From there the sexual energy unites with the partner’s energy channel before flowing to the crown chakra at the top of the heart, creating a sensation of oneness and ecstasy.

 

16.  During the second phase of the EPOR model, _________.

17.  the penis becomes erect and vagina becomes lubricated

18.  sexual arousal levels off and remains at an elevated level of excitement

19.  sexual excitement and pleasure reaches a climax

20.  sexual structures return to their unaroused states

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 3
Page ref: 80

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson observed that for many individuals and couples, a leveling off of arousal seemed to occur at some point in the excitement phase, during which both men and women continued to be very aroused, but did not appear to be experiencing much additional elevation in their level of arousal. They called this the plateau phase.

 

17.  During the _________ phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle, both sexes experience full engorgement of all erectile tissues and high levels of respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension.

18.  excitement

19.  resolution

20.  desire

21.  plateau

 

Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 80
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson said that for both sexes during the plateau phase, erectile tissues throughout the sexual anatomy are now fully engorged with blood.  Respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension are all at high levels as orgasm approaches.

 

18.  During lovemaking with her partner, Francesca’s areolas become larger and her clitoris straightens, causing the glans of the clitoris to retract closer to her body. According to Masters and Johnson, Francesca is in the _________ phase.

19.  excitement

20.  resolution

21.  desire

22.  plateau

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 81

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson said that during the plateau phase, women’s nipples maintain their erect state, but the areolas continue to become larger, which may cause the nipple to appear less erect in comparison.  As the clitoris continues to engorge with blood, it straightens out along its length, which causes the glans of the clitoris in most women to retract closer to her body and under the clitoral hood.

 

19.  During the _________ phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle, the inner two-thirds of the vagina continues to expand in a process called _________.

20.  excitement; vasocongestion

21.  plateau; tenting

22.  orgasm; expulsion

23.  resolution; refraction

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 3
Page ref: 81
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson said that during the plateau phase, the inner two-thirds of the vagina continue to expand in a process called tenting.

 

20.  During the second phase of Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response, a woman’s clitoral glans _________.

21.  becomes less sensitive

22.  becomes lighter in color

23.  doesn’t undergo any changes

24.  undergoes changes that cause it to become less available for stimulation

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 81

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: During the plateau phase, the clitoris continues to engorge with blood and straightens out along its length.  This causes the glans of the clitoris in most women to retract closer to her body and under the clitoral hood, thereby making the clitoral glans less available for stimulation.

 

21.  During lovemaking with his partner, Harry’s penis becomes fully erect, his corona further enlarges, and testicles are pulled up closely against his body. According to Masters and Johnson, Harry is in the _________ phase.

22.  excitement

23.  resolution

24.  desire

25.  plateau

 

Answer: D
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 81
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson said that during the plateau stage the man’s penis is fully erect, the corona enlarges further, and the erection is unlikely to be lost due to anything short of a major distracting event.  The scrotal skin has tightened, and the testicles are pulled up very closely against the body at the underside of the penis.

 

22.  While having sex with his wife, Roberto’s penis becomes fully erect, the skin of his scrotum tightens, and his testicles pull up very closely against his body at the underside of his penis. These physical changes indicate that Roberto _________.

23.  is getting tired

24.  is about to have an orgasm

25.  has received too much sexual stimulation

26.  will still have to wait a while before he has an orgasm

 

Answer; B

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 81

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: During the plateau phase, the penis is fully erect, the corona enlarges further, the scrotal skin has tightened, and the testicles are pulled up very closely against the body, indicating that orgasm is approaching.

 

23.  It is believed that pre-ejaculate fluid _________.

24.  neutralizes urethral acidity before semen is ejaculated

25.  only exists to provide a sign that an orgasm is approaching

26.  can irritate the sensitive skin of the genitals

27.  can almost never be seen or felt on a man’s penis

 

Answer; A

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 81

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: It is believed that pre-ejaculate has two possible purposes – to produce additional lubrication for intercourse, and/or to neutralize urethral acidity prior to the ejaculation of semen.

 

24.  If a man has a viral or bacterial infection, pre-ejaculate fluid _________.

25.  will not contain any virus or bacteria

26.  contains so many sperm cells that there is no room for any infection-causing microbes

27.  can contain enough virus or bacteria to transmit an infection to his sexual partner

28.  can only transmit a bacterial infection, but not a viral infection

 

Answer: C

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 81

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution(EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: If a man is positive for infection-causing microbes, such as HIV, Cowper’s gland secretions likely contain these viruses or bacteria, which are capable of transmitting the infection to his partner.

 

25.  The climax of sexual arousal occurs during the _________ phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle.

26.  excitement

27.  orgasmic

28.  desire

29.  plateau

 

Answer: B

Difficulty: 1

Page ref: 83

Topic Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson stated that the climax of sexual arousal is the orgasmic phase.

 

26.  In order to achieve an orgasm, many women require _________.

27.  a shorter period of stimulation than men

28.  manual or oral stimulation to the clitoral area

29.  intercourse only

30.  penile penetration of the anus

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  83
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Penile penetration does not generally produce orgasm for most heterosexual women; most women require additional manual or oral stimulation of the clitoral area either before, during, or after intercourse. For many women, orgasm is the result of direct or indirect stimulation of the clitoris or the clitoral area.

 

27.  Which of the following is a factor that influences the intensity and duration of an orgasm?

28.  size of the vagina

29.  size of the penis

30.  length of arousal prior to orgasm

31.  imbalance of certain hormones

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 83
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Among the factors influencing the intensity and duration of orgasm are the length of arousal prior to orgasm, the length of time since the previous orgasm, alcohol or other drug use, and feelings of comfort and intimacy with a partner.

 

28.  For men, ejaculation occurs in two stages referred to as _________ and _________.

29.  emission; expulsion

30.  plateau; resolution

31.  plateau; expulsion

32.  expulsion; resolution

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 83-84
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Ejaculation occurs in two stages; the first stage is emission, when semen builds up in the urethral bulb.  The second stage is expulsion, when semen is pushed through the urethra and out of the penis.

 

29.  Lionel is experiencing the sensation of ejaculatory inevitability. This means that _________.

30.  semen has built up in his urethral bulb and ejaculation is imminent

31.  his erection has reached its optimal level for controlling orgasm

32.  he has already ejaculated, perhaps without even knowing it

33.  his pelvic muscles are contracting and forcing semen through his penis

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 83-84
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: The sensation of having reached the point of no return is called the moment of ejaculatory inevitability because once the semen has collected in the urethral bulb, the rest of the ejaculatory process is reflexive and cannot be controlled voluntarily.

 

30.  Stephan is making love with his partner. He has a buildup of sperm and semen in his urethral bulb, but has not yet ejaculated. Stephan is experiencing _________.

31.  expulsion

32.  emission

33.  seminal delay

34.  resolution

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 83
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: The first stage of ejaculation is emission, when the semen builds up in the urethral bulb, creating the subjective sensation that ejaculation has begun and nothing can stop it.

 

31.  In males, the contraction of pelvic muscles that force semen through the urethra and out of the body through the penis is referred to as _________.

32.  seminal push

33.  emission

34.  expulsion

35.  resolution

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 84

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  The second stage of ejaculation is expulsion, when the semen is pushed through the urethra and out of the penis.

 

32.  Which of the following are results from a study conducted by Mah and Binik (2002) that asked men and women to rate various factors of the experience of orgasm?

33.  Most rating scores on average were similar for both male and female participants.

34.  Men rated flushing and flooding sensations higher than women.

35.  Shooting sensations were rated far higher by women than by men.

36.  Overall, all rating scores were significantly lower for women than for men.

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 3
Page ref: 84
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Mah and Binik (2002) asked men and women to rate various factors of the experience of orgasm, including satisfaction, emotional intimacy, relaxation, ecstasy, and various bodily sensations.  Most rating scores were similar for the male and female participants.

 

33.  Ben and Joe take an orgasm-as-the-goal approach to sexual intimacy. As a result they may experience _________.

34.  deeper levels of closeness and intimacy

35.  increased physical ailments

36.  repetitive, mechanical sexual interactions

37.  new levels of love and affection

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 85
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: Most sex educators and sex therapists stress that although orgasm is a natural part of human sexual response, it should not be the goal of sexual interactions. Focusing on orgasm as the main objective of lovemaking may detract from the intimate experience, and can lead to repetitive, mechanical sexual interactions that are targeted at that goal, but may fail to produce the expressions of love and intimacy couples seek.

 

34.  According to research, orgasms _________.

35.  may be biologically unhealthy

36.  have been linked to a number of health benefits

37.  should be the goal of sexual interactions

38.  always lead to intimacy

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 86
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale Research has revealed a number of health benefits associated with orgasm. For example, research has shown that an orgasm at least once or twice per week appears to strengthen the immune system’s ability to resist flu and other viruses.

 

35.  Research has shown that men in their 20s who have more than five ejaculations per week _________.

36.  experience difficulty in falling asleep at night

37.  increase their risk of heart disease

38.  have lower rates of prostate cancer in later life

39.  will develop problems with high blood pressure

 

Answer: C

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 86

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Recent research has revealed a number of health benefits associated with orgasm.  One such finding is that men who have more than five ejaculations per week during their 20s have a significantly lower rate of prostate cancer later in life.

 

36.  Recent research on the health benefits of orgasm revealed that _________.

37.  orgasms decrease estrogen and endorphins, thereby causing depression in women

38.  men who have at least 3 orgasms per week are 50 percent more likely to die of heart disease

39.  men who have two or more orgasms per week live significantly longer than men who have fewer

40.  orgasms once or twice per week weaken the immune system’s ability to resist viruses

 

Answer: C

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 86

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Recent research has revealed a number of health benefits associated with orgasm, one of which involves life expectancy. Men who have two or more orgasms per week live significantly longer than men who have fewer.

 

37.  Researchers believe that female ejaculate is made up mostly by fluid secreted by the _________.

38.  cervix

39.  adrenal glands

40.  Skene’s glands

41.  G-spot

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  87
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Some research indicates that female ejaculate may be comprised mostly of a fluid secreted by two paraurethral glands that lie on either side of the female urethra, known as Skene’s glands.

 

38.  The fluid that is released by some women at the moment of orgasm _________.

39.  provides lubrication for intercourse

40.  is expelled through the urethral opening

41.  enhances the likelihood of conception

42.  is known to cause urinary tract infections

 

Answer: B

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 87

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  Recent research findings indicate that the glands that lie on either side of the female urethra, known as Skene’s glands, are quite active in some women.  These glands may secrete fluid into the urethra at the moment of orgasm, which has led researchers to conclude that this fluid is expelled through the urethral opening, not through the vagina.

 

39.  Studies indicate that approximately _________ percent of women report being aware of ejaculation during orgasm.

40.  40-50

41.  60-70

42.  80-90

43.  10-20

 

Answer: A

Difficulty: 1

Page ref: 87

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Cartwright, Elvy & Cardozo (2007) reported that about 40-50 percent of women report being aware of ejaculating fluid during orgasm.

 

40.  Zora does not ejaculate during any type of sexual activity. According to research studies, _________.

41.  Zora must be unsatisfied with her love

42.  this is not an indication that Zora is deficient in her sexual responses

43.  this is an indication that Zora is deficient in her sexual responses

44.  Zora probably does not have a G-spot

 

Answer: B

Difficulty:

Page ref: 87

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: Lack of ejaculation is not a sign that a woman is somehow deficient in her sexual responses, and female ejaculation should not be seen by women or by their partners as something to strive for in sexual interactions.

 

41.  While making love, Yolanda’s partner stimulated an area of tissue on the anterior wall of her vagina, which caused her to feel more sexually aroused and ejaculate. Yolanda’s partner stimulated her _________.

42.  urethra

43.  cervix

44.  labia minora

45.  G-spot

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 1

Page ref: 87-88

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Application

 

Rationale: The G-spot, or Grafenberg spot, is reported as an area of tissue located on the anterior wall of the vagina; some women report that when this area is stimulated during sexual activity, arousal and orgasm are enhanced and intensified.

 

42.  Ron is learning how to explore his lover’s G-spot. He was told the easiest way to explore the G-spot is to _________.

43.  place one to two fingers inside the vagina and press firmly against the upper wall in a massaging motion

44.  place one to two fingers outside the vagina and press firmly against the outer wall in a massaging motion

45.  place one to two fingers on the cervix and press firmly in a massaging motion

46.  place one to two fingers on the clitoris and press firmly in a massaging motion

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 88
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: The easiest way a woman or her partner may explore the G-spot is to place one or two fingers inside the vagina and press firmly but gently against the upper wall in a massaging motion.

 

43.  Some women report that when their G-spot is stimulated during sexual activity _________.

44.  arousal and orgasm are intensified

45.  intense pain and cramping occurs

46.  they experience decreased sexual desire

47.  they feel a tightness in their urethra and cervix

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  87-88
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: The G-spot is a structure that is allegedly linked to the intensity of female orgasm; some women report that when the area known as the G-spot is stimulated during sexual activity, arousal and orgasm are enhanced and intensified.

 

44.  Veronica had an orgasm and now her body is returning to its non-aroused state. Veronica is in the _________ phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle.

45.  plateau

46.  refractory

47.  emission

48.  resolution

 

Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 88
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale:  Masters and Johnson said that the resolution phase is the completion of the cycle when the body returns to its sexually non-aroused state. This process usually happens fairly rapidly following orgasm, but takes somewhat longer if orgasm has not occurred.

 

45.  Masters and Johnson found that if a woman receives additional stimulation following orgasm, she may be capable of returning to the _________ phase and have multiple orgasms without ever entering the _________ phase.

46.  resolution; plateau

47.  excitement; plateau

48.  plateau; resolution

49.  excitement; resolution

 

Answer: C

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 88

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Masters and Johnson found that if a woman receives additional stimulation following orgasm, she may be capable of returning to the plateau stage and have one or more additional orgasms (multiple orgasms) without entering a resolution phase or refractory period between them.

 

46.  Lucas had an orgasm and now his nipples lost their erection, his penile glans lightened in color, and his penis returned to its non-aroused state. Lucas is in the _________ phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle.

47.  plateau

48.  resolution

49.  emission

50.  refractory

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 89
Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: After men have an orgasm, their nipples lose their erection, the penile glans lightens in color, and the penis becomes softer and smaller, returning to its unaroused, flaccid state. The scrotal skin relaxes, and the testicles drop down, away from the body.

 

47.  Which of the following is a criticism of Masters and Johnson’s EPOR model?

48.  It neglects the physical components of sexuality.

49.  It fails to acknowledge fundamental differences in male sexuality.

50.  It neglects the emotional and psychological components of sexuality.

51.  It relies too heavily on female sexual response.

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 3
Page ref: 89
Topic:  Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Masters and John’s EPOR model has not been without its critics and competing conceptualizations.  Criticisms have included the contention that Masters and Johnson neglected emotional and psychological components of sexuality, especially desire.

 

48.  Helen Singer Kaplan, among others, criticized Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response because it failed to include consideration of _________.

49.  relationship factors

50.  the quality of sexual interaction

51.  hormonal levels

52.  sexual desire

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 92

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  In reconceptualizing masters and Johnson’s EPOR model, some sexuality researchers have argued that they included too many stages, too few stages, or some incorrect stages.  Various researchers, including Kaplan, claimed that Masters and Johnson left out a crucial stage in sexual responding: sexual desire. Some critics have suggested that a sexual response cycle wouldn’t occur at all if desire were omitted from the theory.

 

49.  In regard to gender, some critics have charged that Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response _________.

50.  focuses too much on women’s sexual responses

51.  doesn’t take into account that female sexual response is significantly more complex than men’s sexual response

52.  ignores the fact that women usually respond to sexual stimulation more emotionally than do men

53.  ignores the fact that most men have a higher sex drive than most women

 

Answer: B

Difficulty: 2

Page ref: 91

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Some critics of the EPOR model have claimed that it doesn’t adequately describe the sexual responding of both men and women.  While the model might explain the male response cycle, female sexual response is believed to be significantly more complex, involving far more than genital responding.

 

50.  In contrast to what Masters and Johnson claimed, current research suggests that _________.

51.  men are incapable of having multiple orgasms.

52.  there is no such thing as a female refractory period

53.  there is no such thing as female ejaculation.

54.  some women have a refractory period that is similar to a man’s refractory period.

 

Answer: D

Difficulty: 3

Page ref: 91

Topic: Masters and Johnson: The Excitement-Plateau-Orgasm-Resolution (EPOR) Model

Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: Research has suggested that some women may have a refractory period that is quite similar to a man’s; that is, some women require a waiting period after orgasm before they are physically capable of becoming aroused to orgasm again. The female refractory period may be shorter and less pronounced than men’s, but the categorical male-female difference found by Masters and Johnson has been questioned.

 

51.  The three stages of Kaplan’s Three-Stage Model are _________.

52.  desire, excitement, resolution

53.  excitement, orgasm, resolution

54.  desire, excitement, orgasm

55.  orgasm, plateau, resolution

 

Answer; C

Difficulty: 1

Page ref: 92

Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson

Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Helen Singer Kaplan’s approach to sexual response was similar to that of Masters and Johnson, but she felt that they had left out one key factor in their model.  Kaplan proposed a three-stage model of sexual responding consisting of desire, excitement, and orgasm.

 

52.  According to sex therapist Helen Singer Kaplan, sexual responding _________.

53.  is unlikely unless someone wants to be sexual

54.  occurs in four phases

55.  is a result of purely physical reactions

56.  can occur even if desire is not present

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 92
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  Kaplan believed that the omission of desire from the Masters and Johnson model was a key flaw in their theory, as she believed that there probably wouldn’t even be sexual responding unless there is the desire to be sexual.

 

53.  Abe has lost his sexual desire. According to his sex therapist, he has _________.

54.  hyperactive sexual desire

55.  hypoactive sexual desire

56.  male orgasmic disorder

57.  male erectile disorder

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 92
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: Difficulties with sexual desire, called inhibited or hypoactive sexual desire, are extremely common. Kaplan claimed that hypoactive sexual desire can be caused by such factors as stress, fatigue, depression, pain, fear, prescribed medication, and negative past sexual experiences, among others.

 

54.  Which of the following is a factor that may interfere with sexual desire?

55.  inability to achieve orgasm

56.  inability to maintain an erection

57.  prescribed medication

58.  lack of vaginal lubrication

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 2
Page ref:  92
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: According to Kaplan, there are many factors that can inhibit sexual desire, only one of which is prescribed medication.

 

55.  Which of the following is a criticism of Kaplan’s Three-Stage Model?

56.  It neglects the physical components of sexuality.

57.  It is overly simplified.

58.  It neglects the emotional components of sexuality.

59.  It relies too heavily on male sexual response.

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 3
Page ref: 92
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale:  Some critics of Kaplan’s model have claimed that her notions about human sexual response are overly simplified, and that such notions assume that desire must always be present for sexual responding to occur.

 

56.  The stages of David Reed’s Erotic Stimulus Pathway Theory are _________.

57.  seduction, sensations, surrender, reflection

58.  excitement, sensations, surrender, resolution

59.  desire, excitement, orgasm, surrender

60.  excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 1
Page ref: 92-93
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Factual

 

Rationale: Psychiatrist David Reed took the popular theories of Masters and Johnson and Kaplan and reinterpreted them from a more psychological and interpersonal perspective in a theory he called the Erotic Stimulus Pathway.  His theory consisted of four stages: seduction, sensations, surrender, and reflection.

 

57.  Josh sent his lover flowers and a love note as a way of signaling his desire for sex. According to the Erotic Stimulus Pathway Theory, Josh is in which stage?

58.  reflection

59.  surrender

60.  sensations

61.  seduction

 

Answer: D
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 92-93
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Application

 

Rationale:  According to Reed’s four-stage model, people in the seduction stage engage in behaviors that they believe will attract another person and make themselves sexually attractive to others.  Buying flowers for a lover is an example of this type of behavior.

 

58.  The sensation stage of the Erotic Stimulus Pathway Theory is similar to the _________ and _________ phases of the EPOR model.

59.  excitement; orgasm

60.  orgasm; resolution

61.  plateau; excitement

62.  plateau; resolution

 

Answer: C
Difficulty: 3
Page ref:  93
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Conceptual

 

Rationale: According to Reed’s model, sexual behavior and sexual arousal begin in the sensation phase, which is similar to the excitement and plateau phases in Masters and Johnson’s EPOR model.

 

59.  Elsa is having an orgasm. She is in the _________ stage of the Erotic Stimulus Pathway Theory.

60.  reflection

61.  surrender

62.  sensations

63.  seduction

 

Answer: B
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 93
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: According to Reed, the peak of sexual arousal, orgasm, is giving over of oneself; a surrender to the culmination of sexual intimacy.

 

60.  Kalib and Zinnia finished making love and are now thinking about their sexual encounter in order to bring meaning to it. According to Erotic Stimulus Pathway Theory, they are in the _________ stage.

61.  reflection

62.  surrender

63.  sensations

64.  seduction

 

Answer: A
Difficulty: 2
Page ref: 93
Topic: Alternatives to Masters and Johnson
Skill: Application

 

Rationale: The last phase of Reed’s model is the reflection phase, and it is during this time when both partners reflect on the experience and bring meaning to it.  It’s an opportunity for partners to interpret the sexual encounter in positive or negative terms, and this can help us to make choices about whether or not to engage in the activity again, under the same circumstances, or with the same partner.