Marketing 13th Edition by Roger Kerin – Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Test

Chapter 03

Scanning the Marketing Environment

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1.	Facebook has approximately what fraction of the world’s population as customers? A. one-half   B. one-third   C. one-quarter   D. one-fifth   E. one-seventh

 

2.

All of the following statements about the environmental forces that have influenced Facebook are true except A. the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has a laissez-faire policy of not interfering with the development and marketing of Facebook and other social media websites.   B. technological advances in data storage, server speed, and software integration have made Facebook increasingly fast and convenient.   C. its rivalry with Google, Twitter, and Snapchat; the ability of users to easily switch platforms; and the constant threat of new social networks targeted at specific interest groups encourage rapid expansion.   D. the cost of wireless connectivity and smartphones rapidly declined and Internet access expanded, which increasingly made social networking affordable for more people.   E. people increasingly look for new ways to communicate, obtain information, and offer opinions.

 

3.

Environmental scanning refers to A. assessing any possible negative impact a firm’s activities might have on the local ecology.   B. continually acquiring information on events occurring outside the organization to identify and interpret potential trends.   C. setting up a regular schedule to assess the performance of different divisions within a firm.   D. initiating an internal talent search to identify employees who can think “outside the box” to generate solutions to marketing problems caused by changes in the marketing environment.   E. requiring all employees to spend time outside the office to avoid the “ivory tower” syndrome.

 

4.	The process of continually acquiring information on events occurring outside the organization to identify and interpret potential trends is referred to as A. significant trend analysis.   B. organizational scanning.   C. environmental scanning.   D. a SWOT analysis.   E. marketing intelligence.

 

5.	Environmental trends arise from all of the following forces except A. competitive.   B. economic.   C. regulatory.   D. geographical.   E. social.

 

6.

The purpose of environmental scanning is to A. only identify trends in the marketplace.   B. only interpret trends in the marketplace.   C. only forecast trends in the marketplace.   D. identify, interpret, and forecast trends in the marketplace.   E. only identify and interpret trends in the marketplace.

 

7.

Which of the following statements regarding environmental scanning is the most accurate? A. Environmental scanning changes the marketing environment.   B. Environmental scanning identifies and interprets potential trends.   C. Environmental scanning should be done at least every five years.   D. Environmental scanning focuses primarily on ecological factors.   E. There is too much information generated from environmental scanning to make it viable for small firms.

 

8.	A firm conducting an environmental scan of the marketplace might uncover key __________ such as the growing popularity of video bloggers and the increasing mobility and connectivity of consumers. A. profits   B. responsibilities   C. idealisms   D. codes   E. trends

 

9.

Starbucks entered a partnership with Keurig Green Mountain to sell K-Cup single-serving coffee packs. Because Starbucks __________, it was prepared for this shift in its marketing environment. A. optimized its distribution by adding local outlets in grocery stores   B. noticed the change in the demographics of coffee and tea drinkers in general   C. added more in-store displays   D. shifted funds from product development to advertising   E. tracked, as part of its ongoing environmental scanning activities, the percentage of households with single cup brewers

 

10.

As the director of marketing for a local hospital that specializes in caring for limited mobility patients and related health issues, you must conduct an environmental scan to help create a five-year marketing plan for the hospital. Which of the following environmental trends should you consider to be the most important? A. The number of people in the geographic area who are 65 years or older will increase by 23 percent during the next five years.   B. By the year 2030, baby boomers will all be 65 or older.   C. The local community has seen a rise in dual-income households.   D. By the year 2025, robotics will play a major role in surgical procedures.   E. Twenty percent of the local population is of Hispanic origin.

 

11.

A high-fashion boutique sells top-of-the-line women’s clothing and accessories. The keys to its success include knowing customers’ changing tastes and providing something different than other retailers. In addition, because of the high value of the merchandise, the boutique’s management is investing in the use of computerized inventory controls and sales order processing. The least important environmental force to the boutique at this time is likely to be A. economic.   B. competitive.   C. technological.   D. social.   E. regulatory.

 

12.

Local newspaper readership has declined significantly in recent years. Not only are traditional newspapers losing subscribers, they are also losing advertisers. To combat these trends, many newspaper publishers now offer online versions of their printed newspapers. This is most likely a response to which environmental force? A. economic, since few can afford a newspaper today   B. competitive, resulting from new, smaller local newspapers that are flourishing   C. technological, since high-speed printing presses have become more easy to use   D. social, resulting from changing consumer preferences for information delivered online   E. regulatory, since the government provides tax incentives for paper-based products

 

13.

A growing trend to “Buy American” may encourage U.S. automakers to increase political pressure on Washington to pass legislation for more restrictive quotas on Japanese car imports. In addition, a decline in the value of the U.S. dollar would be instrumental in Toyota’s decision to build a manufacturing plant in the United States instead of continuing to export cars from Japan. If Toyota builds the plant, its decision would reflect A. a reactive strategy that would impact the competitive environmental force.   B. a proactive maneuver to manipulate and impact the social environmental force.   C. a positive result from regulatory and economic environmental forces.   D. a positive response to a technological environmental force.   E. a negative impact as a result of adverse competitive, regulatory, and technological environmental forces.

 

14.

Many large consulting firms are beginning to sponsor “women-only” networking events. The purpose of these events is to offer an opportunity for women in management to network with other businesswomen, either as clients, mentors, or protégés. This is an example of which environmental force? A. social   B. economic   C. technological   D. competitive   E. regulatory

 

15.	A proposed law in New Jersey would ban the use of tanning beds by anyone under the age of 18. This restriction would be an example of which environmental force? A. social   B. economic   C. technological   D. competitive   E. regulatory

 

16.

Using smartphones, one can watch the news, shoot videos, browse the Internet, take pictures, and listen to music. Improved features are added with each smartphone introduced by Apple, Samsung, LG, and others. As a result, customers often want to replace their existing smartphones with new models or brands every two years when their contracts expire. This increase in demand is due mostly to changes in __________, an environmental force. A. competition   B. social culture   C. technology   D. regulations   E. the economy

 

17.

Pending federal legislation will require all online retailers to collect state sales taxes from customers. This would affect online sellers such as Virtual Vineyards, which now collects state sales taxes only from customers who reside in California, its home state. This pending legislation would be an example of which environmental force? A. social   B. economic   C. technological   D. competitive   E. regulatory

 

18.	The set of environmental forces that consists of the demographic characteristics of the population and its culture is referred to as A. social forces.   B. economic forces.   C. consumer forces.   D. cultural forces.   E. market forces.

 

19.	The demographic characteristics of the population and its culture are referred to as A. attitudinal forces.   B. psychographic forces.   C. social forces.   D. cultural forces.   E. market forces.

 

20.	The social forces in the environment include the __________ of the population and its culture. A. living standards   B. social classes   C. cohorts   D. ethics   E. demographic characteristics

 

21.	The social forces of the environment include the demographic characteristics of the population and its A. geographic locations.   B. social classes.   C. cohorts.   D. culture.   E. ethics.

 

22.	With a proper environmental scan, changes in the demographic characteristics of the population and its values can have a dramatic impact on A. the marketing concept era.   B. marketing tactics.   C. market share.   D. marketing metrics.   E. marketing strategy.

 

23.

Which of the following statements regarding social forces is most accurate? A. Social forces can have a dramatic impact on marketing strategy.   B. As a social force, consumer incomes have more impact on marketing strategy than demographics.   C. Social forces within an organization motivate employees to improve their productivity.   D. Social forces determine all of the other environmental forces that affect an organization.   E. Of all the environmental forces, social forces are the easiest for a marketer to manipulate.

 

24.	Which of the following would be identified as a social force in an environmental scan? A. a new consumer protection law   B. an increase in Asian immigration   C. an advanced technology is perfected   D. a decrease in consumer incomes   E. a new international firm exports to the United States

 

25.

Generation X consumers indicate they want online customer support; websites that are comprehensive, professional, and interactive; and advertising that is authentic, family-oriented, and unique. Generation X is also replacing baby boomers as the largest segment of business travelers. In response, American Airlines is offering travelers in-flight Wi-Fi, entertainment on demand, and personal power ports. This is an example of how __________ forces impact the marketing environment. A. economic   B. competitive   C. social   D. technological   E. regulatory

 

26.

An important social trend is the continued concern for health and well-being in the United States. This is most likely evidenced by A. the increased sales of Cigar Aficionado magazine.   B. Lay’s Kettle Cooked potato chips, which have 40 percent less fat than regular potato chips.   C. the opening of more Starbucks coffee boutiques in supermarkets.   D. the upsizing of menu items at fast-food restaurants.   E. the introduction of tablet devices such as the iPad.

 

27.

Publishers were surprised by the dramatic success of the book FiftyShadesofGrey and believe that it will likely generate a fresh cycle of female-targeted romances packaged for the mainstream reader. This is an example of __________ force impacting the marketing environment. A. an economic   B. a competitive   C. a technological   D. a social   E. a regulatory

 

28.

Demographics refer to A. the description of a population according to its values or cultural beliefs.   B. an objective measurement of a person’s likelihood to purchase a product or service.   C. the psychological profile of prospective consumers.   D. the density of a population in a geographic area.   E. the description of a population according to selected characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, income, and occupation.

 

29.	The description of a population according to selected characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, income, and occupation is referred to as A. product group profiling.   B. demographics.   C. behavioral analysis.   D. psychographics.   E. statistical analysis.

 

30.	Demographic characteristics that describe a population include all of the following except A. income.   B. age.   C. occupation.   D. zip code.   E. ethnicity.

 

31.	More is a publication designed to appeal to women aged 40 and over. Demand for such magazines is an example of how changing __________ characteristics impact the marketing environment. A. cultural   B. behavioral   C. psychographic   D. occupational   E. demographic

 

32.	The most recent estimate indicates that the population of the world today is about A. 5 billion.   B. 6.3 billion.   C. 7.3 billion.   D. 7.9 billion.   E. 9.5 billion.

 

33.	By 2050, the world’s population is expected to be A. 5 billion.   B. 5.7 billion.   C. 6.1 billion.   D. 7.9 billion.   E. 9.6 billion.

 

34.	The change in the growth of the world’s population is called the A. population contraction.   B. population inversion.   C. population migration.   D. population explosion.   E. population eruption.

 

35.

The population explosion has occurred A. primarily in the developing countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.   B. evenly throughout the world.   C. primarily in the United States due to high birthrates and immigration.   D. primarily in the countries of the European Union due to high birthrates and immigration.   E. primarily in developed countries due to better economic, infrastructure, and health care conditions.

 

36.	Projections show that the population is A. growing in most developed countries.   B. declining in most developing countries.   C. decreasing in Africa.   D. increasing in Asia.   E. decreasing in Latin America.

 

37.	The country expected to have the largest population in 2050 is A. the United States.   B. India.   C. China.   D. Russia.   E. Brazil.

 

38.

Which of the following demographic trends has significant implications to global marketers? A. the declining populations in Latin American countries   B. the size of the markets in India and China   C. the tripling of the population of consumers under 40 years old   D. the decreasing interest in entrepreneurship in developing countries   E. the lack of savings of elderly populations in developed countries

 

39.	Studies of the __________ characteristics of the U.S. population suggest that it is becoming larger, older, and more diverse. A. cultural   B. psychographic   C. geographic   D. demographic   E. economic

 

40.	Generally, the U.S. population is becoming A. smaller, younger, and more diverse.   B. smaller, older, and more diverse.   C. larger, younger, and less diverse.   D. larger, younger, and more diverse.   E. larger, older, and more diverse.

 

41.	By 2030, the U.S. population is expected to exceed A. 273 million.   B. 314 million.   C. 323 million.   D. 359 million.   E. 414 million.

 

42.

All of the following factors contribute significantly to the rate of change of a country’s population except A. life expectancy (the average number of years a population lives from birth).   B. immigration (the number of people who enter a country for the purpose of permanent residence).   C. population density (defined as the total number of people per square mile/kilometer).   D. birthrate (the number of births during a specified time period).   E. death rate (the number of deaths during a specified time period).

 

43.	The generation of children born between 1946 and 1964 is referred to as A. baby busters.   B. millennials.   C. Generation Y.   D. baby boomers.   E. Generation X.

 

44.	Baby boomers can be defined as the generation born A. between 1918 and 1945.   B. between 1946 and 1964.   C. between 1965 and 1976.   D. between 1977 and 1994.   E. since 1995.

 

45.

Which of the following currently affects baby boomers, and thus those that market to them, in a significant way? A. They are beginning to have children.   B. They are getting their high school and college educations.   C. They are currently retiring or nearing retirement age.   D. They are just being born.   E. They are beginning their primary school educations.

 

46.	Prudential, a financial planning firm, offers retirement plans and wealth management advice. These products are most likely targeted toward which generational cohort? A. Generation X   B. baby busters   C. Generation Y   D. the greatest generation   E. baby boomers

 

47.	Olay, a cosmetics firm, offers anti-aging and restoration products targeted toward A. echo-boomers.   B. Generation Z.   C. Generation Y.   D. baby boomers.   E. baby busters.

 

48.	Ads appealing to interests such as retirement housing and financial planning are targeted at which generational cohort? A. echo-boomers   B. Generation Xers   C. Generation Yers   D. baby boomers   E. baby busters

 

49.	Generation X is defined as the generation of children born A. between 1946 and 1964.   B. between WWI and WWII.   C. between 1965 and 1976.   D. between 1977 and 1994.   E. since the millennium.

 

50.

Generation X is the label often given to A. persons born between 1965 and 1976.   B. persons 65 years old and older.   C. those who survived the Great Depression.   D. the “greatest generation” born between the baby boomer generation and their parents that were called Generation W, the World War II generation.   E. those people who were born since the millennium.

 

51.	The 50 million people of the population born between 1965 and 1976, also called the baby bust, refers to A. Generation X.   B. millennials.   C. Generation Y.   D. Generation Z.   E. baby boomers.

 

52.	The 50 million people born between 1965 and 1976, also called the __________, refers to Generation X. A. Generation Y   B. baby bust   C. millennials   D. baby boomers   E. Generation Z

 

53.	The generational cohort known as __________ was born during the baby bust era when the number of children born each year was declining. A. Generation Z   B. Generation Y   C. millennials   D. Generation X   E. baby boomers

 

54.	The name given to the generational cohort who are described as self-reliant, supportive of racial and ethnic diversity, and better educated than previous generations is A. Generation Z.   B. Generation Y.   C. millennials.   D. Generation X.   E. baby boomers.

 

55.	Generation X consumers are A. likely to rely on others.   B. authoritative decision makers.   C. very prone to extravagance.   D. generally supportive of racial and ethnic diversity.   E. poorly educated.

 

56.	Generation X A. is the least healthy generation since the 1940s.   B. accounts for the largest amount of consumer spending.   C. is the largest segment of business travelers.   D. is interested in distinctive, memorable, and personal experiences.   E. includes younger members known as millennials.

 

57.	In terms of business travel, for which generational cohort are ads regarding in-flight Wi-Fi and on-demand entertainment most likely trying to reach? A. Generation X   B. baby boomers   C. Generation Z   D. baby busters   E. Generation Y

 

58.	Americans born between 1977 and 1994 are referred to as A. Generation X.   B. baby boomers.   C. Generation Y.   D. baby busters.   E. Generation Z.

 

59.	Generation Y is defined as the generation of children born A. between WWI and WWII.   B. between 1946 and 1964.   C. between 1965 and 1976.   D. between 1977 and 1994.   E. since the millennium.

 

60.	Generation Y is sometimes referred to as A. echo-boomers.   B. baby boomers.   C. baby busters.   D. the downtrodden generation.   E. Generation 25.

 

61.	The generation of children born between 1977 and 1994 is sometimes referred to as A. echo busters.   B. baby busters.   C. the lost generation.   D. the baby boomerang.   E. the millennials.

 

62.	Members of Generation Y are most likely to influence A. children’s designer clothing lines.   B. health care and insurance.   C. retirement plans.   D. video games.   E. automobile design.

 

63.	When compared to Generation X, members of Generation Y are most likely to influence A. children’s designer clothing lines.   B. health care and insurance.   C. all forms of communication and networking.   D. retirement plans.   E. automobile design.

 

64.	Which generational cohort is an ad for a distinctive, memorable, and personal experience such as shark diving in Cape Town most likely trying to reach? A. Generation X   B. baby boomers   C. Generation Z   D. baby busters   E. Generation Y

 

65.

The Sierra Club is the oldest continuously operating environmental organization. By 2001, its growth had plateaued. To rekindle interest in the organization, its members elected a new 23-year-old president who promised to use MTV artists to create public service announcements about the organization targeting his generational cohort, who are members of A. Generation X.   B. Generation Y.   C. Generation Z.   D. baby busters.   E. baby boomers.

 

66.	Members of Generation Y, also known as __________, are interested in sustainability including sustainable campus communities. A. activists   B. sustainers   C. progressives   D. reformers   E. millennials

 

67.	Younger members of Generation Y are idealistic and eager to get started as a force for good. One way they hope to achieve their goal is through A. environmental responsibility.   B. political activism.   C. intergenerational dialogue.   D. fiscal conservatism.   E. educational reform.

 

68.

For millennials, “positive business” involvement means A. engaging in free market economics with fair but limited regulations to manage exchange relationships.   B. being part of a movement that balances the interests of shareholders, employees, and society.   C. exploiting a nation’s natural resources for the betterment of its society.   D. seeking advanced jobs in agriculture that emphasize economies of scale in farming and ranching.   E. executing an aggressive strategy regarding oil and natural gas exploration to make the United States energy independent.

 

69.

All of the following statements are true except A. LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.   B. today’s college graduates now seek green jobs that involve some aspect of social responsibility.   C. colleges of business have yet to establish sustainability course electives and case studies.   D. many students want to be involved with organizations such as Net Impact to use business to improve the world.   E. millennials want to make a difference by making the world a better place.

 

70.

A blended family is A. the result of the decline in divorce in recent years.   B. a household with unmarried partners.   C. a typical outcome of increased cohabitation.   D. a family formed by merging two previously separated units into a single household.   E. households formed with unrelated individuals.

 

71.	In 2015, which racial or ethnic group had the greatest economic impact in the United States in terms of its buying power? A. Asian Americans   B. Hispanics   C. African Americans   D. American Indian and other native populations   E. Indian immigrants (from India)

 

72.	Combinations of the marketing mix that reflect the unique attitudes, ancestry, communication preferences, and lifestyles of different races are referred to as __________ marketing programs. A. panethnic   B. generational   C. cross-cultural   D. multicultural   E. regional

 

73.	Multicultural marketing refers to combinations of the marketing mix that reflect the unique attitudes, ancestry, communication preferences, and lifestyles of different A. races or ethnic groups.   B. nations.   C. religions.   D. generational cohorts.   E. genders.

 

74.

AdvertisingAge’s Multicultural Agency of the Year, Alma creates advertising by “focusing the work on a deeper cultural knowledge, elevating the work beyond the clichés.” For its clients, including Kraft and Revlon, Alma creates ads that are a part of programs incorporating A. psychographic differences.   B. population inputs.   C. multicultural marketing.   D. a value consciousness.   E. macroeconomics.

 

75.	The set of values, ideas, and attitudes that are learned and shared among the members of a group is referred to as A. customs.   B. morals.   C. norms.   D. culture.   E. ethics.

 

76.

Culture refers to the A. moral and ethical beliefs of a family passed down from generation to generation.   B. set of values, ideas, and attitudes that are learned and shared among the members of a group.   C. pastimes associated with the fine arts, such as ballet, music, and theater.   D. standard or pattern of behaviors that is typical or expected of a group.   E. description of a population according to selected characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, income, and occupation.

 

77.	Culture is a component of what type of environmental force that must be scanned to assess its impact on the organization’s marketing environment? A. regulatory   B. technological   C. competitive   D. economic   E. social

 

78.	Which one of the following is a value that would be commonly held in the United States today? A. individualism   B. tradition   C. group welfare   D. nostalgia   E. acceptance of birthright

 

79.	All of the following are commonly held values in the United States except A. equality.   B. action.   C. belief in fate.   D. continuous change.   E. personal control.

 

80.	Which of the following is a commonly held value in the United States? A. the importance of rank and status   B. the importance of tradition   C. belief in fate   D. competition   E. acceptance of birthright

 

81.	Two increasingly important values for consumers around the world are A. self-esteem and fitness.   B. wealth and health.   C. patriotism and friendship.   D. family and fun.   E. sustainability and preservation of the environment.

 

82.

Consumers are buying hybrid gas-electric automobiles such as the Toyota Prius. This is an example of which increasingly common cultural value? A. preserving the environment   B. paying the least amount possible for products   C. reducing inequality among competing brands   D. believing in fate   E. reducing cognitive dissonance