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Sample Test

Marine Biology, 11e (Castro)

Chapter 3   Chemical and Physical Features of the World Ocean

 

1) Hydrogen bonds in water molecules are formed between:

1.   A) Ions in solution between the molecules.

2.   B) Nuclei of adjacent molecules.

3.   C) Hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules.

4.   D) Two hydrogen atoms of the same molecule.

5.   E) Two oxygen atoms of the same molecule.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

2) When water cools, but does not freeze, the molecules move ________ and take up ________ space.

1.   A) faster; less

2.   B) slower; more

3.   C) faster; more

4.   D) slower; less

5.   E) up; less

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

3) Which of the following are not elements?

1.   A) Sodium chloride

2.   B) Nitrogen

3.   C) Hydrogen

4.   D) Oxygen

5.   E) Magnesium

 

Answer:  A

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

4) Which of the following is the state of water at a temperature of 4°C?

1.   A) Boiling point of water

2.   B) Maximum density of water

3.   C) Freezing point of water

4.   D) Sublimation point of water

5.   E) Condensation point of water

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  04. Analyze

 

5) Hydrogen bonds:

1.   A) Lower the heat capacity of water.

2.   B) Cause ice to melt at a lower temperature.

3.   C) Make ice less dense than water.

4.   D) Lower the boiling point of water.

5.   E) Do not affect the heat capacity of water at all.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

6) Which ions comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater?

1.   A) Magnesium and sulfate

2.   B) Sodium and chloride

3.   C) Calcium and carbonate

4.   D) Potassium and chloride

5.   E) Calcium and sulfate

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

 

7) The salinity of water is generally expressed in:

1.   A) Kilograms per liter of water.

2.   B) Total weight per pound.

3.   C) Percentage per liter.

4.   D) Parts per thousand.

5.   E) Percentage per thousand.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

8) The rule of constant proportions expresses that:

1.   A) Salinity varies with geographical location.

2.   B) The percentage of sodium varies with depth.

3.   C) The percentage of chlorine varies with geographical location.

4.   D) Salinity varies depending on the season.

5.   E) The relative concentration of ions does not change.

 

Answer:  E

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  Seawater

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

9) Salinity of seawater increases:

1.   A) With an increase in rain.

2.   B) Near the mouth of rivers.

3.   C) Around ice as it melts in spring.

4.   D) With a decrease in depth.

5.   E) As evaporation increases.

 

Answer:  E

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  Seawater

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

10) The heat capacity of water is ________ compared with other naturally occurring substances.

1.   A) high

2.   B) low

3.   C) equal

4.   D) fluctuates by location

5.   E) None of the above

 

Answer:  A

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

11) Which of the following properties is unique to water due to its molecular structure?

1.   A) It forms long-chain polymers.

2.   B) It can dissolve nonpolar materials like hydrocarbons.

3.   C) It vaporizes more quickly than any other liquid.

4.   D) It is less dense as a solid than a liquid.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

12) The Secchi disk is used to indirectly estimate:

1.   A) The type of light that is absorbed by water.

2.   B) How much light penetrates through the water column.

3.   C) How salinity varies with depth.

4.   D) The relationship between temperature and salinity.

5.   E) The amount of oxygen in the water.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  Seawater

Bloom’s:  03. Apply

 

 

13) Water is unusual because it is less dense as a solid than a liquid. This is important for marine organisms because:

1.   A) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it.

2.   B) If ice was more dense, the oceans would freeze from the bottom and remain frozen leaving no available space.

3.   C) Cold water holds less oxygen than warm water.

4.   D) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it and the oceans would freeze from the bottom if ice was more dense.

5.   E) All of the above.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  The Unique Nature of Pure Water

Bloom’s:  04. Analyze

 

14) Pressure increases with depth by adding one atmosphere of pressure for every:

1.   A) 10 meters of depth.

2.   B) 50 meters of depth.

3.   C) 100 meters of depth.

4.   D) 500 meters of depth.

5.   E) None of the choices are correct; pressure depends on the temperature of the water.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  Seawater

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

15) The Coriolis effect is the direct result of one of the following:

1.   A) Temperature.

2.   B) Gravitational pull of the sun.

3.   C) Ocean currents.

4.   D) Rotation of the earth.

5.   E) Wind.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

16) The factor that most affects wind patterns in the atmosphere of the Earth is:

1.   A) Depth of the sea.

2.   B) Clouds.

3.   C) Temperature.

4.   D) Volcanoes.

5.   E) Gravitational pull of sun and moon.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

17) Trade winds:

1.   A) Are unaffected by the Coriolis effect.

2.   B) Diverge from the Equator at a 90 degrees angle.

3.   C) Develop between 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south.

4.   D) Move north in the Northern Hemisphere.

5.   E) Change direction depending on ocean currents.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

18) Gyres are:

1.   A) Large circular systems of surface currents.

2.   B) Affected by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere.

3.   C) Extend only along the Equator.

4.   D) Extend only around Antarctica.

5.   E) Are found only in the Pacific Ocean.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

 

19) The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise:

1.   A) In the Northern Hemisphere only.

2.   B) In the Southern Hemisphere only.

3.   C) In both hemispheres.

4.   D) In the Atlantic Ocean only.

5.   E) In the Pacific Ocean only.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

20) In which of these locations does a cold current flow almost into the Equator?

1.   A) Atlantic coast of North America

2.   B) Atlantic coast of South America

3.   C) Pacific coast of Australia

4.   D) Pacific coast of Asia

5.   E) Pacific coast of South America

 

Answer:  E

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

21) The Ekman spiral occurs as a result of:

1.   A) Salinity.

2.   B) Transparency.

3.   C) Pressure.

4.   D) Dissolved gases.

5.   E) Wind.

 

Answer:  E

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

22) The highest part or top of a wave is called the:

1.   A) Trough.

2.   B) Period.

3.   C) Fetch.

4.   D) Wavelength.

5.   E) Crest.

 

Answer:  E

Section:  03.03 Waves and Tides

Topic:  Waves

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

23) Wave size is affected by the amount of open water, or the ________, that winds blow over.:

1.   A) trough

2.   B) period

3.   C) fetch

4.   D) wavelength

5.   E) crest

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.03 Waves and Tides

Topic:  Waves

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

24) Spring tides are caused by:

1.   A) Gravitational attraction of the moon only.

2.   B) Gravitational attraction of the sun only.

3.   C) Gravitational attraction of the moon and the sun when they are in line during the full and new moon phases.

4.   D) Gravitational attraction of moon and the sun when at right angles to each other.

5.   E) Ocean currents and gyre circulation.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  03.03 Waves and Tides

Topic:  Tides

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

25) A full tidal cycle lasts:

1.   A) 12 hours.

2.   B) 12 hours, 50 minutes.

3.   C) 24 hours.

4.   D) 24 hours, 50 minutes.

5.   E) 48 hours.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.03 Waves and Tides

Topic:  Tides

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

26) Mixed semidiurnal tides are characterized by:

1.   A) Two daily high tides, one higher than the other.

2.   B) One daily high tide.

3.   C) Two daily high tides, both of the same approximate height.

4.   D) One daily high tide that is always higher than the high tide of the previous day.

5.   E) Two daily high and three daily low tides.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  03.03 Waves and Tides

Topic:  Tides

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

27) The main thermocline is located at the zone:

1.   A) Right above the mixed layer.

2.   B) Between the warm and cold layers.

3.   C) Along the bottom.

4.   D) Below the intermediate layer.

5.   E) Right at the surface in warm tropical water.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

 

28) How does the oxygen content of the ocean compare to the air that humans breathe?

1.   A) Higher oxygen content

2.   B) Lower oxygen content

3.   C) No significant difference exists

4.   D) Depends of the salinity of the water

5.   E) Depends on the depth of the water

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.01 The Waters of the Ocean

Topic:  Seawater

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

29) Which of the following is true about tropical organisms like corals?

1.   A) They survive at higher latitudes on the eastern sides of oceans due to upwelling.

2.   B) They survive at higher latitudes of the western sides of oceans due to surface current patterns.

3.   C) They survive at higher Arctic latitudes due to ocean current gyres.

4.   D) There is no difference.

5.   E) Tropical corals can be found in shallow water in all parts of the Earth’s oceans.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Surface Circulation

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

30) Forces that cause water movements lead to mixing of the entire ocean once every ________ years.

1.   A) 100

2.   B) 200

3.   C) 500

4.   D) 1,000

5.   E) 5,000

 

Answer:  D

Section:  03.02 Ocean Circulation

Topic:  Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor

Bloom’s:  01. Remember

 

Marine Biology, 11e (Castro)

Chapter 5   The Microbial World

 

1) Which of the following statements about marine viruses is not true?

1.   A) Are involved in the release of DOM (dissolved organic matter) into the water

2.   B) Bridge the gap between the nonliving and the living

3.   C) Their genetic material is in the form of DNA or RNA

4.   D) Cause diseases in many types of organisms

5.   E) Consist of minute cells sometimes attached into chains

 

Answer:  E

Section:  05.01 Viruses

Topic:  Viruses

Bloom’s:  02. Understand

 

2) Bacteriophages are types of:

1.   A) Archaea

2.   B) Bacteria

3.   C) Protozoa

4.   D) Algae

5.   E) Viruses

 

Answer:  E

Section:  05.01 Viruses

Topic:  Viruses

Bloom’s:  01. Remember