Managing Organizational Behaviour in Canada 2nd Edition Pat R. Sniderman – Test Bank
To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the link Below
If face any problem or
Further information contact us At tbzuiqe@gmail.com
Sample Test
Chapter 3 Perception and Personality
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The
process of interpreting information about another person is
2. high
external control.
3. social
perception.
4. encoding.
5. evaluation.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 67
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
2. Which
of the following is NOT an important characteristic of the perceiver that can
affect social perception?
3. attitude
4. mood
5. self-concept
6. emotional
stability
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 69
OBJ:
1 BLM:
Comprehension
3. All
of the following are characteristics of the target of one’s perceptions, EXCEPT
4. physical
appearances.
5. oral
communication.
6. nonverbal
cues.
7. purpose
and context of encounter or interaction.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 69
OBJ:
1 BLM:
Comprehension
4. The
three major categories of factors that influence our perception of another
person include which of the following?
5. characteristics
of ourselves, the target person, and the situation
6. availability
of information, the target person, and the situation
7. recency
of information, availability of information, and consistency of information
8. characteristics
of ourselves, the target person, and consistency of information
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 69
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
5. Bob
has had a very bad day and is in a bad mood when he is waiting for his
girlfriend. When she shows up 10 minutes late for the meeting, which of the
following would be true?
6. He
would be happy to see her regardless of how late she is.
7. He
will be upset with her due to his bad mood.
8. He
will be upset with her as she is late.
9. He
should expect her to be late.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 69
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
6. In an
interview situation, the interviewer’s first impression of the interviewee (or
target) is likely to be based upon which of the following?
7. nonverbal
cues of the target
8. verbal
communication by the target
9. the
intentions of the target
10.
the target’s physical appearance
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy REF: p. 69
OBJ:
1 BLM: Application
7. The
ability of an individual to perceive multiple characteristics of another person
rather than attend to just a few traits is a function of his or her
8. attention
span.
9. ability
to focus.
10.
cognitive weighting.
11.
cognitive complexity.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 70
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
8. The
perceiver’s pattern of thinking or manner in which he or she assembles and
interprets information about another person is
9. the
strength of situational cues.
10.
cognitive structure.
11.
self-concept.
12.
attitude structuring.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 70
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
9. All
of the following are characteristics of the target that influence social
perception EXCEPT
10.
inferred intentions.
11.
nonverbal communication.
12.
verbal communication.
13.
cognitive complexity.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF: Easy
REF: p. 70
OBJ:
1 BLM:
Comprehension
10.
Your friend, Ellen, seems to notice people’s personality
attributes and behaviours. You, on the other hand, notice people’s physical
attributes and traits. What would likely be true?
11.
Ellen operates at a higher level of cognitive complexity than
you do.
12.
You operate at a greater level of cognitive focus than Ellen.
13.
Ellen operates on intuition.
14.
Ellen is low on self-monitoring.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 70
OBJ:
2 BLM:
Comprehension
11.
In which of the following situations are situational cues and
social context most formalized?
12.
job interview
13.
employee coaching session
14.
on-the-job instruction for new employees
15.
employee briefing at start of work shift
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 71
OBJ:
1 BLM: Application
12.
What is the discounting principle a characteristic of?
13.
situation
14.
perceiver
15.
target
16.
cognitive miser
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 71
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
13.
When you encounter a warm and personable car salesperson and
don’t assume that this behaviour reflects the salesperson’s personality, you
are using which principle in social perception?
14.
perceiver principle
15.
discounting principle
16.
cognitive bias principle
17.
social context principle
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 71
OBJ:
1 BLM: Application
14.
What are the social context and discounting principle
characteristics of?
15.
perceiver
16.
target
17.
situation
18.
interaction
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 71
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
15.
Sean was a very friendly and helpful financial advisor. After
Sean discovered that you have a large student loan and no job, he becomes
unhelpful and dismissive. What is most likely happening here according to
theory?
16.
Sean is a genuinely helpful and friendly person.
17.
Sean is in a hurry to meet another client.
18.
Sean has been trained to always be friendly and helpful.
19.
Sean has determined that you will not buy anything from him,
changing the situation and his behaviour.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 71
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
16.
Ahmed, who is from Egypt, believes that all of his employees
should work together for the good of the group. His employees, mostly
Americans, seem to work for themselves and Ahmed believes that they are very
self-centred and are poorly trained. What seems to be happening here?
17.
The group has not learned team work skills.
18.
Cultural differences are having an effect on Ahmed’s perception.
19.
Ahmed is correct and his team does need training.
20.
Cultural differences are having an effect on the perception of
Ahmed by the group.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 72
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
17.
In which of the following organizational situations is
impression management more likely to occur?
18.
a supervisor disciplining an employee
19.
a job interview
20.
a meeting of the top management team
21.
an exit interview when an employee retires
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 73
OBJ:
3 BLM: Application
18.
Which of the following results regarding impression management
and employment interviews has not been supported by research?
19.
Impression management is associated with higher interview
performance.
20.
Impression management is associated with increasing the
probability of a site visit.
21.
Impression management is associated with higher probabilities of
getting hired.
22.
Impression management is associated with higher starting
salaries.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 73
OBJ: 3
BLM: Knowledge
19.
Impression management involves the target in the perceptual
process influencing the perception of the perceiver. For impression management
to be successful, what circumstance or condition must be met?
20.
Sufficient time must be allowed for the perception to be
established.
21.
Impression management requires that there be repeat exposures to
the of the target to the perceiver.
22.
The target must understand the perceiver’s perceptions.
23.
The perceiver must understand the target.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: Hard REF: p. 73
OBJ:
3 BLM: Analysis
20.
Mariam arrives for work early, is impeccably dressed, and speaks
positively about herself and others. According to your text, which of the
following is true?
21.
Mariam will be seen to be manipulative.
22.
Mariam’s co-workers will imitate Mariam.
23.
Mariam will create a positive image of herself.
24.
Mariam will create envy among her co-workers.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 73
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
21.
An employee who does not get along well with other employees but
generates the most sales is evaluated only on sales performance. What would
this be an example of?
22.
stereotyping
23.
the cognitive miser
24.
the self-fulfilling prophecy
25.
selective perception
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 74
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
22.
Jeanette was upset that so many people seemed to notice her
green hair in the small town that she had moved to. This had not happened when
she lived in Toronto. What is Jeanette likely the subject of?
23.
selective perception
24.
stereotyping
25.
projection
26.
halo effect
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 74
OBJ: 2
BLM: Application
23.
Sam believes that a man, not a woman, should support a family.
Sam is deciding on pay increases for his employees. Based on theory, what is
likely to be true?
24.
Sam will award pay increases strictly on merit.
25.
Sam will award larger increases to female employees.
26.
Sam will award larger pay increases to older employees.
27.
Sam will award large increases to male employees.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 75
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
24.
The workforce is becoming increasingly diverse. This trend is
likely to reduce which barrier to social perception?
25.
the primacy effect
26.
first-impression error
27.
selective perception
28.
stereotyping
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
25.
Which of the following would not be a stereotype?
26.
Older workers change jobs less frequently than younger workers.
27.
Older workers are not technology capable.
28.
Women in their thirties are likely to miss a lot of work.
29.
Women are less able to do math than men.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
26.
The view that IT workers are techies, nerds, uncool, and boring
is an example of the negative effects of
27.
stereotyping.
28.
selective perception.
29.
first-impression error.
30.
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM:
Comprehension
27.
What is the primacy effect, which occurs when we meet someone,
also known as?
28.
selective perception
29.
self-fulfilling prophecy
30.
first-impression error
31.
a stereotype
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM: Knowledge
28.
Daniel is interviewing three people. Bob has walked in and
instead of looking Daniel in the eye, he tends to look at the floor. Daniel
does not trust Bob. What type of barrier to perception is Daniel displaying?
29.
halo effect
30.
projection
31.
stereotype
32.
first impression error
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 76
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
29.
Sam is on time every day, spends all of his time at the office,
and never leaves early. Everyone believes that Sam is a very productive worker.
What perceptual barrier is being described?
30.
stereotype
31.
first impression error
32.
halo effect
33.
projection
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 76
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
30.
Attribution theory helps to do what in regards to behaviour in
organizations?
31.
measure behaviour
32.
explain causes of behaviour
33.
specify correct or appropriate behaviour
34.
observe behaviour
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
5 BLM:
Comprehension
31.
A supervisor’s high expectations of a new employee and the
subsequent high performance of that employee is known as
32.
impression management.
33.
stereotyping.
34.
perceptual bias.
35.
self-fulfilling prophecy.
ANS:
D PTS: 1
DIF: Easy REF: p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Knowledge
32.
Assume you are an employment interviewer. An applicant’s
physical appearance could cause you to commit an incorrect hiring decision
because of all of the following EXCEPT
33.
stereotype.
34.
selective perception.
35.
first impression error.
36.
self-fulfilling prophecy.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
33.
Sam is a happy kid but has come to be known by teachers and
parents as a child who is struggling academically. Sam is doing very poorly at
school and does not improve as he progresses through grades. What perceptual
barrier is being described here?
34.
halo effect
35.
self-fulfilling prophecy
36.
projection
37.
first impression error
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
34.
What is a requirement for self-fulfilling prophesy to occur?
35.
The perceiver must respond to the behaviour.
36.
The situation must be appropriate.
37.
The target must respond to the behaviour.
38.
The perceiver and target must have the same cultural background.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Analysis
35.
What would individuals who make external attributions be more
likely to do?
36.
achieve higher levels of performance
37.
blame bad luck
38.
develop feelings of incompetence, which may lead to depression
39.
provide a supporting environment for followers
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
5 BLM: Analysis
36.
When you attribute the performance in this class to the type of
exams and their relative difficulty, you are making what type of attribution?
37.
internal
38.
external
39.
ability
40.
luck
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 77
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
37.
Achievement-oriented individuals attribute their success to
38.
a combination of hard work and ability.
39.
ability.
40.
hard work.
41.
hard work and task difficulty.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM:
Comprehension
38.
What do achievement-oriented individuals attribute their
failures to?
39.
bad luck
40.
a combination of bad luck and a difficult task
41.
lack of effort
42.
lack of effort and a difficult task
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
39.
Research shows that successful job candidates make
40.
fewer attributions than unsuccessful candidates.
41.
more external attributions than unsuccessful candidates.
42.
more internal attributions for negative events.
43.
fewer internal attributions for negative events.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM:
Comprehension
40.
When a student attributes a high test grade to his or her
diligent study habits and a low grade to the instructor’s poorly worded
questions, the student is displaying
41.
the fundamental attribution error.
42.
the consensus error.
43.
the acceptance error.
44.
self-serving bias.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
41.
Attributional biases imply that managers must
42.
always be correct in their perceptions.
43.
be very wary of the cognitive process in decision making.
44.
know as much as possible about individual differences and
determine the cause of behaviour and perceived source of responsibility.
45.
take into account the fundamental tendency for people to make
external attributions for their behaviour.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
42.
What is the tendency to make attributions to internal causes
when focusing on someone else’s behaviour known as?
43.
remedied by the discounting principle
44.
known as the fundamental attribution error
45.
has been shown to not be related to cultural pre-dispositions
46.
known as the fundamental cognitive error
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
43.
If a manager makes the attribution that an employee’s lack of
effort or ability is the basis for poor performance, he or she is are probably
making an error called
44.
fundamental attribution.
45.
self-serving bias.
46.
discounting attribution.
47.
consistency attributions.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
44.
A person from India would be more likely than someone from China
to
45.
make an internal attribution.
46.
make a self-serving bias error.
47.
make a fundamental attribution error.
48.
make an external attribution.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Analysis
45.
Sue was late for work today. Her alarm did not go off, her car
keys disappeared, and then she was behind the slowest drivers in town. What is
her explanation an example of?
46.
making excuses
47.
fundamental attribution error
48.
self-serving bias
49.
MindData
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
46.
You did well on your test. Your friend also did well on her test
but she was lucky. What is this an example of?
47.
selective perception
48.
self-serving bias
49.
fundamental attribution error
50.
stereotype
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
47.
What is the relationship between fundamental attribution error
and self-serving bias?
48.
Self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error are both
attribution errors with different targets.
49.
They are not related.
50.
Self-serving bias is related to self-fulfilling prophesy, not
fundamental attribution error.
51.
Fundamental attribution error is related to stereotyping, not
self-serving bias.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Analysis
48.
A more people-centred approach to personality theory based on
the belief that people are driven toward self-actualization is
49.
psychodynamic theory.
50.
trait theory.
51.
humanistic theory.
52.
the integrative approach.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 80
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
49.
What is personality shaped by?
50.
consequences of behaviour and the environment
51.
the person and the situation
52.
thinking and feelings
53.
heredity and environment
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 80
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
50.
Which traits are associated with less absenteeism at work?
51.
extraversion and emotional stability
52.
introversion and emotional stability
53.
extraversion and conscientiousness
54.
introversion and conscientiousness
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 80
OBJ:
6 BLM: Analysis
51.
Which traits are associated with high-performing managers?
52.
extraversion and agreeableness
53.
agreeableness and conscientiousness
54.
extraversion and emotional stability
55.
emotional stability and agreeableness
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 80
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
52.
Which of the following is not considered one of the “Big Five”
personality traits?
53.
heredity
54.
extraversion
55.
emotional stability
56.
conscientiousness
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 80
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
53.
Individuals possessing an internal locus of control
54.
display high anxiety.
55.
tend to be dissatisfied on the job.
56.
prefer participative management styles.
57.
avoid greater responsibility.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Analysis
54.
What might an achievement-oriented sales representative with an
internal locus of control attribute his failure to meet a monthly sales quota
to?
55.
changing economic conditions
56.
a short list of prospects provided by the company
57.
a lack of effort
58.
a cutback in product advertising
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
55.
As a supervisor of a group of employees, all of whom have an
internal locus of control, you should
56.
closely supervise them.
57.
provide explicit and frequent job instructions.
58.
expect to frequently discipline group members for slowness and
lack of initiative.
59.
allow them considerable leeway in determining how to perform
their work.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
56.
What would be the relationship between locus of control and
attribution theory?
57.
There is no relationship between locus of control and
attribution theory.
58.
A high internal locus of control will correspond to higher
internal attributions.
59.
A high external locus of control will correspond to higher
internal attributions.
60.
A high internal locus of control will correspond to higher
external attributions.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Analysis
57.
Which of the following statements regarding internals and
externals is FALSE?
58.
Internals and externals have similar positive reactions to being
promoted.
59.
Internals and externals have distinctly different reactions to
being promoted with internals having higher organizational commitment than
externals.
60.
Internals tend to have positive feelings to a promotion longer
than do externals.
61.
Externals may be more reluctant than internals to participate in
decision making.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
58.
Generalized self-efficacy is the general
59.
feeling of one’s self-worth.
60.
extent to which people base their behaviour on cues from other
people and situations.
61.
belief about one’s own capabilities to deal with the events and
challenges that make life demanding.
62.
belief about self or situational control over what happens to
them.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
59.
Which of the following is one of the most important determinants
of high self-efficacy?
60.
an internal locus of control
61.
high self-esteem
62.
previous success
63.
the tendency to be a low self-monitor
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM:
Comprehension
60.
An individual’s generalized belief about internal control versus
external control is called
61.
self-efficacy.
62.
self-esteem.
63.
locus of control.
64.
self-monitoring.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
61.
Denise and Teresa are two students in a course on organizational
behaviour. Denise outperforms Teresa on the first exam in OB and Teresa
convinces herself that Denise is not really a good person to compare herself
because Denise is a psychology major and Teresa is majoring in accounting.
Which of the following is the best explanation for Teresa’s reaction?
62.
Teresa’s high self-esteem is protecting her from this
unfavourable comparison.
63.
Teresa is a low self-monitor.
64.
Teresa has an external locus of control.
65.
Teresa probably has an inflated generalized belief of her
capabilities.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
62.
As a manager who understands the implications of self-esteem on
work behaviour, what should Derrick do when working with people with high
self-esteem?
63.
clearly measure the results of employee tasks
64.
provide continual positive feedback
65.
clearly tie rewards to performance
66.
give them appropriate challenges and opportunities for success
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
63.
What does the extent to which people base their behaviour on
cues from other people and situations refer to?
64.
locus of control
65.
self-esteem
66.
self-efficacy
67.
self-monitoring
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
64.
Training in tai chi, which helps participants learn to be both
soft and pliable, and tough and strong with an emphasis on changing stances in
a dynamic manner, would likely lead to the development of
65.
a high self-monitor.
66.
a low self-monitor.
67.
increased self-efficacy.
68.
an internal locus of control.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
65.
Li Yifei, the head of MTV China, has to deal with mostly male
authorities and adopt something other than her natural style of behaviour,
which is straightforward, confident, and smart. The personality trait most
effective for Li Yifei would probably be
66.
internal locus of control.
67.
high self-monitor.
68.
high self-esteem.
69.
high self-efficacy.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
66.
Low self-monitors tend to
67.
be slow in responding to situational cues.
68.
be high on self-efficacy.
69.
be high in self-esteem.
70.
require little supervision.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM:
Comprehension
67.
Jennifer seems to never notice if people are upset or happy; she
goes ahead with whatever she was going to do or say anyway. What personality
trait would Jennifer probably possess?
68.
high self-monitor
69.
high self-esteem
70.
low self-monitor
71.
extroversion
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
68.
Positive affectivity is likely to be displayed by:
69.
persons with low self-efficacy
70.
low self-monitors
71.
persons with high anxiety
72.
better attendance at work
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
69.
Managers who want to promote positive affectivity should
70.
allow participative decision making and provide pleasant working
conditions.
71.
hire those with an external orientation.
72.
reduce the anxiety in jobs.
73.
give positive feedback in order to increase self-esteem.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
70.
A member of a work group who loafs and makes only a very minimal
contribution
71.
exhibits negative affectivity.
72.
likes to experience control over others.
73.
has an internal locus of control.
74.
will be successful if left alone.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
71.
Individuals who focus on the positive aspects of themselves,
others, and the world are said to have
72.
strong self-esteem.
73.
strong self-monitoring.
74.
conscientiousness.
75.
positive affect.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
72.
The most common method of assessing personality is the
73.
projective test.
74.
behavioural measurement through observation.
75.
self-report questionnaire.
76.
Rorschach ink blot test.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
73.
A count of the times a student asks a question or makes a
comment in an organizational behaviour course is a/an
74.
self-report measure of personality.
75.
projective measure of personality.
76.
example of the MMPI.
77.
behavioural measure of personality.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 84
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
74.
Which of the following would be a problem with the behavioural
measure for personality?
75.
low reliability
76.
the fact self-report measures suffer from potential bias
77.
their tendency to be too long
78.
the observer’s ability to stay focused
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 84
OBJ:
6 BLM: Analysis
75.
What describes the MBTI?
76.
a projective test that captures psychological disorders
77.
a way to identify human differences and similarities by
separating behavioural tendencies or dispositions
78.
a self-report questionnaire designed to assess personality
79.
a direct index of personality
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 85
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
76.
What is the relationship between the Big Five and Myers-Briggs?
77.
There is no relationship.
78.
Myers-Briggs measures the Big Five.
79.
The Big Five are trait; Myers-Briggs is bad.
80.
Myers-Briggs is bad.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 85
OBJ:
7 BLM: Analysis
77.
According to the MBTI, a successful participative manager is
likely to be an
78.
introvert feeler.
79.
introvert sensor.
80.
extravert intuitor.
81.
extrovert sensor.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 86
OBJ:
7 BLM:
Comprehension
78.
What is the basic preference in type theory that represents
where you get your energy?
79.
extraversion/introversion preference
80.
sensing/intuiting preference
81.
thinking/feeling preference
82.
judging/perceiving preference
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 86
OBJ:
7 BLM: Knowledge
79.
According to the Jungian approach to personality, the basic
preference that reflects what we pay attention to or how we prefer to gather
information is
80.
extraversion/introversion.
81.
sensing/intuiting.
82.
thinking/feeling.
83.
judging/perceiving.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 86
OBJ:
7 BLM: Knowledge
80.
Jung contended that the most important distinction between
individuals was the
81.
extravert/introvert preference.
82.
sensing/intuiting preference.
83.
thinking/feeling preference.
84.
judging/perceiving preference.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 86
OBJ:
7 BLM: Knowledge
81.
Mildred, who works with people all day, likes to spend time
alone to recharge. She generally makes decisions based on her values and what
feels right and often makes decisions slowly by weighing all options. What type
likely describes Mildred?
82.
INFP
83.
ESTJ
84.
INFJ
85.
ISTP
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 86
OBJ:
7 BLM: Application
Bob is sales manager with Good Times Industrial company (GTI).
Bob has five sales people who work in specific geographic areas. Recently the
sales people have been telling Bob that things have been slowing down in the
market. Bob has just received the monthly sales figures and they are down, with
Sam’s sales down more than the others. Sara’s sales have seen a slight
improvement, however. When Bob asked Sam about his sales, Sam said that several
of his customers have gone out of business and no new customers have opened up,
whereas in Sara’s territory two large new customers had just opened as it was a
more prosperous part of the country. When Bob spoke to Sara, Sara told Bob that
she had worked very hard during the month and had generated the extra sales
based on that hard work. Bob is thinking of demoting Sam and promoting Julie to
Sam’s territory as women make better sales people.
82.
In the scenario above, what appears to be at the root of the
problem?
83.
the firm’s internal environment
84.
the firm’s external environment
85.
the firm’s technology
86.
the firm’s people
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 16
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
83.
Bob’s decision to promote Julie is an example of what perceptual
barrier?
84.
halo effect
85.
stereotype
86.
projection
87.
fundamental attribution error
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
84.
In the scenario above, Sam’s explanation of his results may be
an example of what?
85.
fundamental attribution error
86.
selective perception
87.
self-serving bias
88.
self-fulfilling prophesy
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
85.
In the scenario above, what could Bob do to determine why sales
have fallen?
86.
ask the other sale people about Sara and Sam’s sales
87.
investigate market conditions himself
88.
ask a psychologist to determine whether Sara or Sam is lying
89.
consult a sales management expert
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 77
OBJ:
5 BLM: Analysis
86.
In the scenario above, Sara’s explanation for her success is an
example of what type of barrier?
87.
fundamental attribution error
88.
selective perception
89.
self-serving bias
90.
self-fulfilling prophesy
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
5 BLM: Application
John, Jerry, and Susan have all decided to run a marathon. John
is 62 years old and both Jerry and Susan think that he is too old to be
in the race. Because of this John is determined to finish the race no matter
what, as he has trained diligently. John is sure that, finish or not, the
outcome is totally under his control. Susan, who is 19, has trained for just
two weeks and is surprised that she gets tired so easily. At one of the rest
stops she comments to a bystander that she knows why John is running the race.
If she was John, she would be running the race just to show that she could beat
a woman. Susan is sure that is why John is in the race. Jerry, on the other
hand is always positive, and is sure that he will complete the marathon
regardless of what Susan or John do.
87.
What perceptual barrier are Jerry and Susan displaying toward
John?
88.
halo effect
89.
projection
90.
positive affect
91.
stereotyping
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 75
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
88.
Susan’s thinking she knows why John is in the race is an example
of which perceptual barrier?
89.
halo effect
90.
stereotype
91.
projection
92.
self-fulfilling prophesy
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
89.
John has never completed any endeavour in his life but he did
complete this marathon. How can this be?
90.
Personality traits are just one element of behaviour and do not
always determine it.
91.
He recently acquired the trait of conscientious.
92.
He recently acquired the trait of openness to experience.
93.
Personality traits may become much stronger over time.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 79
OBJ:
6 BLM: Analysis
90.
What two personality traits does John display?
91.
extraversion and openness to experience
92.
emotional stability and agreeableness
93.
self-monitoring and emotional stability
94.
conscientiousness and internal locus of control
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 81
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
91.
What is the likely reason that Jerry feels as he does in the
marathon?
92.
He exhibits negative affect.
93.
He is a high self-monitor.
94.
He has an internal locus of control.
95.
He exhibits positive affect.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 83
OBJ: 6
BLM: Application
Jennifer, Mary, and Paula have just been up all night studying
for their OB final exam and they are tired. Mary was in a very bad mood and
tells both Jennifer and Paula that they don’t know what they are doing. Paula
is certain that she will get an “A” on the exam as she is a good student. Paula
remembers that she thought Mary was moody the first time that they had met at
the university residence. Jennifer, on the other hand believed that, because
she rarely smiled, Mary was not a pleasant person. Both Jennifer and
Paula believed that if they worked with Mary she would be nice to them
92.
Can Jennifer and Paula change their opinion of Mary?
93.
yes, because the perceptual barriers can be overcome through
experience with the person
94.
yes, but the perceptual barriers will remain in the background
95.
no, these opinions will remain because, once formed, perceptual
barriers do not weaken
96.
yes, but only if other perceptual barriers appear
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 74
OBJ:
4 BLM: Analysis
93.
What is Jennifer’s opinion of Mary based on?
94.
first impression
95.
self-fulfilling prophesy
96.
self-serving bias
97.
halo effect
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 76
OBJ: 4
BLM: Application
94.
What is Paula’s opinion of Mary based on?
95.
projection
96.
first impression
97.
self-fulfilling prophesy
98.
intuition
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 76
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
95.
Jennifer and Paula’s behaviour toward Mary demonstrates what
perceptual barrier?
96.
projection
97.
self-serving bias
98.
self-fulfilling prophesy
99.
halo effect
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 77
OBJ:
4 BLM: Application
96.
What is Paula’s certainty that she will get an “A” an example
of?
97.
self-fulfilling prophesy
98.
self-esteem
99.
self-serving bias
100.
projection
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
Hard REF: p. 82
OBJ:
6 BLM: Application
TRUE/FALSE
1. Optimists
are more successful at work and in school.
ANS:
T PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 67
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
2. Studies
have shown that there exists an indirect relationship between the personality
traits we possess, our perceptions, and our emotional response.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 68
OBJ:
1 BLM: Application
3. Virtually
all management activities rely on perception.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy REF: p. 68
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
4. Perception
is not culturally determined.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 72
OBJ:
1 BLM: Knowledge
5. Employees
who engage in impression management are not viewed favourably in performance
appraisals.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 73
OBJ:
4 BLM: Knowledge
6. Stereotypes
can be accurate.
ANS:
T PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 75
OBJ:
2 BLM: Knowledge
7. Projection
is also known as the false consensus effect.
ANS:
T PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 77
OBJ:
2 BLM: Knowledge
8. Managers
must always avoid the error of the self-fulfilling prophecy.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 77
OBJ:
2 BLM: Application
9. Women
managers are no different from men managers when it comes to attributing their
success to their own ability.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 78
OBJ:
3 BLM: Application
10.
High achievers are more likely to attribute their success to
others and good luck.
ANS:
F PTS: 1
DIF: Easy REF: p. 78
OBJ:
3 BLM: Application
11.
Personality is defined as a relatively stable set of
characteristics that influence an individual’s behaviour.
ANS:
T PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 79
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
12.
Heredity has been found to NOT be a determinant of personality.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 79
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
13.
Psychodynamic theory, based on the work of Freud, emphasizes the
unconscious determinants of behaviour.
ANS:
T PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 79
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
14.
If an individual is calm, self-confident and cool, he or she has
the “Big Five” trait of agreeableness.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 80
OBJ:
5 BLM: Knowledge
15.
Employees with negative affect are absent from work less often
than those with positive affect.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 83
OBJ:
6 BLM: Knowledge
16.
The most common method of assessing personality is through
projective testing.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 83
OBJ:
7 BLM: Knowledge
17.
According to MBTI research, artists and executives are
extroverts.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Moderate REF:
p. 86
OBJ:
8 BLM: Application
18.
An individual with a judging preference enjoys flexibility and
prefers to explore many alternatives.
ANS:
F PTS:
1 DIF:
Easy REF: p. 86
OBJ:
8 BLM: Knowledge
MATCHING
Match the following:
1. Freudian
psychology that emphasizes unconscious determinants of behaviour
2. a
relatively stable set of characteristics that influences one’s behaviour
3. personality
theory that emphasizes individual growth and improvement
4. personality
is described as a composite of an individual’s psychological processes
5. a
person’s general feeling of self-worth
1. self-esteem
2. integrative
approach
3. personality
4. psychodynamic
theory
5. humanistic
approach
1. ANS:
E PTS:
1
2. ANS:
D PTS: 1
3. ANS:
B PTS: 1
4. ANS:
A PTS: 1
5. ANS:
C PTS: 1
Match the following:
1. an
approach to personality that emphasizes individual growth and improvement
2. one’s
generalized belief about situational and self-control
3. when
focusing on one’s behaviour, the tendency to internal attributions for
successes and external attributions for failures
4. the
extent to which people base their behaviour on cues from others and the
situation
5. positive
and negative mood dispositions at work
6. affectivity
7. self-monitoring
8. humanism
9. locus
of control
10.
self-serving bias
6. ANS:
E PTS:
1
7. ANS:
D PTS: 1
8. ANS:
A PTS: 1
9. ANS:
B PTS: 1
10.
ANS:
C PTS: 1
Match the following:
1. likes
closure
2. logical
decision maker
3. energized
by interaction with others
4. pays
attention to data gathered through physical senses
5. prefers
a flexible, more spontaneous life
Comments
Post a Comment