Management of Occupational Health and Safety 6th Edition by Lori Francis Bernadette – Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Test

Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-1
Chapter 3—Workers’ Compensation
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. After incurring a serious injury at the paper mill, Jim Larue went back to school and retrained as a pharmacy assistant. What type of Workers’ Compensation income support might he receive in his new job to ensure his previous income is maintained?
a.
none, he will just receive his new wage
b.
a disability pension on top of his new wages
c.
a rehabilitation benefit on top of his new wages
d.
an earnings loss payment on top of his new wages
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 61
BLM: Higher order
2. The Workers’ Compensation Act is founded on which of the following principles?
a.
collective liability for employers
b.
a system that allows for recourse to the courts
c.
compensation based on organizational earnings
d.
compensation based on who was at fault
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 55
BLM: Remember
3. The Workers’ Compensation Board is responsible for making which of the following decisions?
a.
whether the worker was negligent
b.
how long the rehabilitation period will be
c.
the class and rate group for to which an employer belongs
d.
what type of new occupation an injured worker should pursue
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 55 & 65
BLM: Remember
4. What is the first consideration in determining an employer’s WCB premiums?
a.
rate group
b.
industry classification
c.
number of employees
d.
employer’s safety record
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 65
BLM: Higher order
3-2 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
5. Via Rail is Canada’s passenger railway, whereas CN Rail is a freight/cargo railway. What WCB liability do these organizations face?
a.
They both have individual liability for injuries/illnesses.
b.
They both have collective liability—the same as all other organizations.
c.
Via Rail has collective liability, whereas CN has individual liability.
d.
Via Rail has individual liability, whereas CN has collective liability.
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 56–57
BLM: Higher order
6. What is meant by a presumptive provision?
a.
presumption that the worker was at fault
b.
presumption that the employer was at fault
c.
presumption that an injury/illness is work related
d.
presumption that the worker will be able to return to work
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 57
BLM: Remember
7. What are the three types of WCB rehabilitation?
a.
vocational, physical, and retraining
b.
physical, retraining, and social
c.
vocational, physical, and social
d
retraining, vocational, and social
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 64
BLM: Remember
8. Helen worked in a fireworks factory for 25 years. After she took early retirement, her doctor told her that her long-standing health issues were due to lead poisoning from materials that are now banned. What factor will be given serious consideration in assessing her WCB claim?
a.
how old and how sick she is
b.
whether the employer told her of the risk
c.
the latency period between exposure and illness
d.
whether she is already getting a retirement pension
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 65
BLM: Higher order
9. Which of the following reflects how Workers’ Compensation Boards view the social benefit of compensation?
a.
Compensation gets reluctant workers back to work.
b.
Compensation makes up for your pain and suffering.
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-3
c.
Compensation is a cost that must be tightly managed.
d.
Compensation helps you remain active in your community.
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 62–63
BLM: Remember
10. Ivan lost an eye in an industrial accident, and is just starting a new job. How does the second injury provision work if he loses sight in the other eye?
a.
The cost of being total visual disability is borne by his current employer.
b.
The total disability cost is shared between his former and current employers.
c.
The total disability cost is borne entirely by the Workers’ Compensation Board.
d.
The total disability cost is borne by all employers in his employer’s industry rate group.
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 63
BLM: Higher order
11. In Canada, what is the most common basis for determining the amount of lost-time benefits?
a.
75% of net earnings
b.
90% of net earnings
c.
75% of average earnings
d.
90% of average earnings
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 59
BLM: Remember
12. What is the primary purpose of the WCB experience rating system?
a.
to help workers identify safe versus unsafe workplaces
b.
to penalize unsafe workplaces through higher premiums
c.
to motivate employers to take a proactive approach to OH&S
d.
to provide data to the Ministry of Labour for follow-up inspections
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 67–69
BLM: Higher order
13. In general, after how many years of lower than annual injury costs might a Canadian employer receive a rebate on their annual assessment?
a!
after two years
b!
after three years
c!
after four years
d!
after five years
ANS: b
PTS: 1
3-4 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
REF: p. 68
BLM: Remember
14. How are safety associations different from Workers’ Compensation Boards?
a.
They are financially independent from the WCBs.
b.
They develop their own regulations for OH&S.
c.
They only provide industry-specific safety training.
d.
They offer fee-based safety audits to their members.
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 62
BLM: Higher order
15. When does the employer report have to be submitted to the Workers’ Compensation Board?
a.
immediately after any incident
b.
within 24 hours after an incident
c.
depends on the province/territory and nature of incident
d.
once the nature of the time loss and treatment has been determined
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 69
BLM: Higher order
16. What document is used to help calculate the employer’s injury frequency and severity rates?
a.
incident analysis report
b.
employee’s WC claim form
c.
employer’s WC claim form
d.
experience rating report
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 66
BLM: Higher order
17. What is the numeric basis on which Workers’ Compensation rate group premiums are calculated and published?
a.
dollars per $100 of insurable earnings
b.
dollars per $1,000 of insurable earnings
c.
dollars per 100 full-time employees
d.
dollars per 1,000 full-time employees
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 66
BLM: Remember
18. What is an emerging trend that works against cost control when it comes to medical treatment of injured workers?
a.
Stress-related illness increases time off work
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-5
b.
Physician’s fees are rising in all provinces and territories.
c.
New treatments are experimental and may not work the first time.
d.
Injured workers can become addicted to prescription medications.
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 54
BLM: Higher order
NARRBEGIN: Scenario 3-1
Read the following scenario and answer questions 19–25.
Workers in nursing homes regularly experience a number of physical and psychological health and safety issues. Incidents can involve twisting and/or lifting injuries, contact with viruses and bacteria, as well as stress-related illnesses from dealing with very sick and dying patients. At Restwell Manor there are 80 employees who work an average of 6 hours per day for 250 days a year. In the past year, the employer reported a total of 8 injuries for a total lost time of 50 days.
NARREND
19. What is the common denominator in the equations that you would use to calculate the injury frequency and severity rates for Restwell Manor?
a.
average hours worked
b.
total hours worked
c.
average time off work
d.
total time off work
ANS: b
NAR: Scenario 3-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 67
BLM: Higher order
20. Using a factor of 200,000, what was Restwell Manor’s injury frequency last year?
a!
83.30
b!
30.00
c!
13.30
d!
0.003
ANS: c
NAR: Scenario 3-1PTS: 1
REF: p. 67
BLM: Higher order
21. Using a factor of 200,000, what was Restwell Manor’s severity rate last year?
a!
83.30
b!
13.30
c!
0.200
d!
0.003
ANS: a
NAR: Scenario 3-1
3-6 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 67
BLM: Higher order
22. What assistance would Workers’ Compensation be most likely to pay for if a Restwell Manor worker develops chronic depression after working with Alzheimer/dementia patients for three years?
a.
none
b.
anti-depression medication
c.
professional counselling
d.
leave of absence
ANS: a
NAR: Scenario 3-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 65
BLM: Higher order
23. What would Worker’s Compensation be most likely to pay for if a Restwell Manor worker is physically attacked by a patient and suffers post-traumatic stress disorder?
a.
none
b.
counselling
c.
disability pension
d.
retraining
ANS: b
NAR: Scenario 3-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 65
BLM: Higher order
24. What type of loss is incurred by a Restwell Manor worker who has to switch to light-duty nursing due to back injury that prevents him/her from bending over a patient’s bed?
a.
occupational capacity
b.
range of motion loss
c.
functional capacity
d.
occupational injury
ANS: c
NAR: Scenario 3-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 62
BLM: Higher order
25. What type of rehabilitation might have been provided to enable an injured worker to make the change from heavy-duty to light-duty nursing?
a.
vocational and social
b.
vocational and physical
c.
physical and social
d.
vocational, physical, and social
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-7
ANS: b
NAR: Scenario 3-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 63–64
BLM: Higher order
TRUE/FALSE
1. Workers’ Compensation is a form of insurance that is governed by an act of parliament for the purpose of helping workers who are injured on the job return to work.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
2. WCB experience ratings are designed to ensure workers are compensated fairly.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
3. Employees can sue their employer in criminal court in addition to claiming Worker’s Compensation.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
4. The WCB premium for a given organization can be higher or lower or the same as other organizations in the same industry classification.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
5. The adjudication of stress claims is currently receiving a great deal of attention from all insurance parties.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
6. An aging workforce is the main reason for increasing disability costs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
3-8 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
7. A trained service animal that can fetch and carry items for a disabled person is an example of a social rehabilitation.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
8. Employers are obligated to make a reasonable effort to return the worker to the same job that they had before their injury/illness.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF X
9. A 55-year-old injured worker who is the sole caregiver of elderly parents will receive less compensation than an injured 25-year-old worker with a baby.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
10. Workers who experience work-related illnesses may still receive Workers’ Compensation, even if their company has gone out of business by the time their illness is diagnosed and assessed.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
SHORT ANSWER
1. List the three groups of stress-related occupational disabilities identified in the text. Discuss the probability of obtaining compensation in each case, then contrast the current practice of Workers’ Compensation Boards with how the courts and human rights tribunals in Canada view stress-related occupational disabilities.
ANS:
Stress-related disabilities fall into one of three groups:
1. Physical injury or occupational disease leading to a mental disability
2. Mental stress resulting in a physical disability
3. Mental stress resulting in a mental condition
Compensation for stress-related disabilities is not consistent and requires that the Workers’ Compensation Board view the source of the stress and the disability as clearly work-related, and not due to any other factor. The causes of strain may be due to a variety of factors, one of which may or may not be the workplace. Often, chronic stress is difficult to assess.
In the first case, the nature of the injury or illness is stressful for the injured worker, which then can produce disabling mental conditions such as anxiety/depression. For instance, cancer arising from documented work-related exposure to toxic substances might trigger stress and depression. In the second case, WCBs have been selective. If the physical disability is acute (e.g. heart attack from work overload or traumatic event), then the cause-effect is often seen to be fairly clear and
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-9
compensation is offered. However, if the physical disability comes on more slowly and results in a chronic rather than acute physical disability (e.g. ulcer), then the cause-effect is less obvious. The ulcer could be attributed to many different causes, and ulcers are not always viewed as disabilities. In the third case, once again the acute versus chronic comes into play. If the stress arose from a single traumatic incident (e.g. bank employee held as a hostage), then compensation is more likely than if the mental stress and subsequent disability developed over time (e.g. depression in healthcare workers due to funding cutbacks that reduce patient care time).
HRM professionals need to be aware that the current practice of selective compensation by Workers’ Compensation Boards is at odds with the courts and human rights tribunals who have consistently maintained that stress-related disorders or other psychological disabilities are to be treated the same as physical disabilities in employment settings. The current practice may be challenged; HRM professionals must stay current on the issues, laws, and practice and educate managers and employees on the organization’s disability coverage.
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
2. Explain why a large restaurant chain (e.g. McDonald’s, Mandarin, Boston Pizza) might pay
a) the same WCB premium as other large restaurant chains.
b) a lower premium than other large restaurant chains.
c) a higher premium than other large restaurant chains.
ANS:
WCB premiums take into consideration industry classification, rate group, and experience rating.
The chain may pay the same as other restaurant chains because they are in the same industry. This probability increases if they are in the same rate group and have a similar experience rating.
The chain may pay a lower premium if they are in a different, less-risky rate group, and/or have a more favourable experience rating (lower injury frequency and/or lower severity).
The chain may pay a higher premium because they are in a higher-risk rate group, and/or have a less favourable experience rating (higher injury frequency and/or higher severity rate).
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
3. Describe the current roles and responsibilities of a typical provincial/territorial Workers’ Compensation Board. Then extend the discussion by giving two examples of how provincial/territorial boards can differ from each other in terms of policy and/or practice.
ANS:
The Workers’ Compensation Board system today retains the earlier principles of compulsory and collective liability and wage replacement. WCBs primary responsibility is to ensure workers or their families receive benefits to which they are entitled. They are also responsible for classifying employers and individuals (employee or independent contractor). Today’s WCBs have an expanded mandate to include vocational rehabilitation, health care, prevention, training, and public awareness. For instance, the Workers’ Compensation Board of B.C., and other WCBs, provides extensive audio-visual and written publications for use online, in workplaces, in education institutions, and in media.
3-10 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
There are many ways in which WCBs operate independently. For instance, WCBs provide different benefits to workers, so what an injured worker is entitled to in Alberta may not be the same in New Brunswick. Coverage for specific occupational illnesses and presumptive provisions can vary across different jurisdictions. Similarly, the basis for wage loss compensation varies across jurisdictions with some provinces/territories using net earnings while others use average earnings. Employer premiums, rebates (for safe organizations), and surcharges (for unsafe organizations) are also set independently in each jurisdiction, and incident reporting deadlines vary across jurisdictions. While most WCBs are engaged in educational activities, not all offer certification programs. In some jurisdictions, workers can appeal WCB decisions, but in Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, and Yukon the WCB has the final say. Experience rating programs are not identical across jurisdictions. For instance the new Experimental Experience Rating program in Ontario, applies to companies who pay more than $ 25,000 in premiums and are not in a construction rate group.
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
4. List and define the three types of rehabilitation, and give an example of how each might apply to a worker who loses their legs in a work-related motor vehicle incident.
ANS:
a) Vocational rehabilitation: refers to the steps undertaken by WCBs to help injured workers return to their place of employment or find similar or suitable work elsewhere. Examples: placement services, vocational testing, and retraining or training may all be part of this process.
b) Physical rehabilitation: refers to the steps taken to restore, fully or partially, the worker’s physical function. Examples: learning to use prosthetics, assistance in using a wheelchair, assistance building upper body strength.
c) Social rehabilitation refers to the psychological and practical services that help workers with severe disabilities cope with daily life (e.g., assistance with cooking, bathing, and household chores). Examples: modification of shower/bath and kitchen facilities, modification of vehicles, service animal.
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
5. Discuss the employer reporting requirements and documentation required for reporting all workplace injuries to the Workers’ Compensation Board.
ANS:
All employers are required to report workplace incidents to their respective Workers’ Compensation Board by a set date in time, although specific deadlines and reporting requirements may vary across jurisdictions. Forms are provided by each WCB, but again may vary in content across jurisdictions.
The two main pieces of documentation are the employer report and the incident analysis report.
The employer report is designed to collect information about: the nature of the employment relationship, the employee’s salary and hours of work, the nature of the incident and injury, and the extent of time loss and medical treatment. These elements will determine whether the employee is eligible for compensation and, if so, the amount and duration of this compensation.
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 3-11
The incident analysis report accompanies the firm’s Workers’ Compensation claim form and provides more detail about the injury. This form is used in calculating injury frequency and severity rates.
Refer to Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2 for examples of employer and worker incident reports.
PTS: 1
REF: p. X
PROBLEM
Duane is a long-haul truck driver who specializes in transporting oversize loads across Canada and the U.S.A. for his Markham, Ontario based company. The nature of his work requires: long hours due to specialized loading, driving, and delivery procedures; driving at a slower than normal speed, often at night to avoid peak traffic; taking longer routes to avoid obstacles such as low height or low weight bridges, and crossing the Canada–USA border. Truckers in this occupation are often under tight deadlines to deliver on time, or their employer will face financial penalties.
a) Identify three possible work-related injuries and illnesses/diseases that might result from working in this occupation and discuss the Workers’ Compensation coverage that would apply in each case.
b) Discuss how his employer would obtain the necessary information to complete the employer and incident analysis reports.
c) Compare and contrast the Canadian compensation system with the compensation available to an American-based trucker doing similar work.
ANS:
Physical injuries and illnesses might include: back or circulation problems; injury or death from a driving accident (involving or not involving other vehicles), heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol/diabetes. Most of these conditions will be covered if they can be shown to be work-related, however, physical injuries arising from chronic stress or repeated exposure over time to a hazard (e.g. high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes) may not be covered.
Mental (psychological) injuries/illnesses could include: anxiety/stress from deadlines; depression from being alone and away from home for long periods; and post-traumatic stress disorder from being in a serious accident/close call. Stress, anxiety, and/or depression may result in physical conditions (e.g. heart attack, ulcer). Compensation may vary depending on whether the cause is acute or chronic and whether the injury/illness is acute or chronic.
Because Duane is not “onsite,” his employer cannot immediately launch an internal investigation into the nature of the incident and injury/illness, as could be done in a factory or restaurant. In this case, the employer will have to depend more on third party reports, e.g. first responders (police, ambulance, and firefighters), health-care professionals, and possibly local OH&S investigators. Duane though has the responsibility to immediately report any incident to his employer to get the process started.
3-12 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
Canada’s compensation system provides greater benefits than those of most other countries; it also ensures that benefits are not prejudiced by earnings after rehabilitation. In Canada, a permanently injured worker draws compensation for life, and is able to keep his/her pension even if the sum of pension and the earnings supplements amounts to more than the wages earned before the injury. In contrast, many compensation laws in the United Sates hinder rehabilitation, either by cutting off compensation for permanent injury as soon as workers begin to earn as much money as they did before the injury or by paying compensation for only a limited period (which can leave workers stranded before they can be retrained).
PTS: 1
REF: p. X

 

Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 4-1
Chapter 4—Hazard Recognition, Assessment, and Control
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the prerequisite step before engaging in risk assessment?
a.
choosing a qualitative approach
b.
the identification of hazards
c.
choosing a quantitative approach
d.
conducting the risk assessment
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 87
BLM: Remember
2. Which of the following is an engineering control?
a.
recognizing the source of the hazard (i.e., the potential energy source)
b.
segregating the hazard in time and space
c.
protecting workers from exposure through personal protective equipment
d.
contacting the Ministry of Labour after an incident
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 101
BLM: Remember
3. Many of the colloquial (everyday) names for repetitive strain injuries listed in the textbook refer to what part of the body?
a.
wrist
b.
back
c.
shoulder
d.
elbow
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 93
BLM: Higher order
4. What is an example of a repetitive strain injury?
a.
sprain
b.
tinnitus
c.
Raynaud’s syndrome
d.
dermatitis
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 93
BLM: Remember
5. Which of the following most closely reflects the definition of a hazard, as given in the textbook?
4-2 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
a.
any condition or changing set of circumstances that has the potential to cause an injury
b.
the probability of harm actually occurring
c.
the first unsafe act or undesired event that can start the accident sequence
d.
any work activities that can cause injury or harm
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 82
BLM: Remember
6. Which of the following is one of the four specific conditions that have been linked to repetitive strain injuries?
a.
force application to hinge joints
b.
overexertion
c.
high dBA ratings
d.
pinch points
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 94
BLM: Remember
7. Careless stacking of boxes, such that the boxes later fall on a coworker ,would be classified as what type of hazard?
a.
human factor—commission
b.
human factor—omission
c.
human factor—poor judgement
d.
human factor—substandard practice
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 84
BLM: Higher order
8. What is an example of an unsafe act?
a.
improper illumination
b.
poor design
c.
inadequate hand washing
d.
defective equipment
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 83–84
BLM: Higher order
9. What is an example of an unsafe condition?
a.
use of defective equipment
b.
poor indoor air quality
c.
failure to wear personal protective equipment
d.
alcohol and drug abuse
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 4-3
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 84
BLM: Higher order
10. Who is most likely to carry out safety sampling?
a.
in-house safety personnel
b.
the third party safety professional
c.
the Ministry of Labour
d.
the WSIB/WCB
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 86
BLM: Remember
11. What numerical measure is typically used to communicate risk, regardless of how it is assessed?
a.
cost
b.
frequency
c.
severity
d.
probability
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 88–89
BLM: Higher order
12. What is another term for a direct unsafe act?
a.
substandard practice
b.
act of omission
c.
poor judgement
d.
human factor
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 84
BLM: Remember
13. The consequences of a hazard are assessed through what measure?
a.
probability
b.
likelihood
c.
severity
d.
frequency
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 88–89
BLM: Remember
4-4 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
14. Where does personal protective equipment (PPE) rank in terms of the recommended approach to hazard control?
a.
the first line of defence
b.
the second line of defence
c.
the third line of defence
d.
the fourth line of defence
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 108–109
BLM: Higher order
15. CIUB injuries would fall within what larger category of injuries?
a.
injuries resulting from overuse
b.
overt traumatic injuries
c.
overexertion injuries
d.
awkward working position injuries
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 90
BLM: Higher order
16. Which of the following is the best example of an engineering control?
a.
task lighting
b.
noise-cancelling headphones
c.
forklift training
d.
safety campaign for new engineers
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 99–100
BLM: Higher order
17. What is an example of a process modification that would be supported by the Hawthorne studies?
a.
machine guarding
b.
illumination
c.
heat stress testing
d.
job rotation
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 100
BLM: Higher order
18. In the context of occupational health and safety, what groups of individuals are most likely to receive kickbacks?
a.
workers
b.
supervisors
c.
managers
d.
ministry inspectors
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 4-5
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 102
BLM: Higher order
19. Shutting off power to protect emergency responders is an action taken as part of what stage of hazard control?
a.
precontact control
b.
contact control
c.
postcontract control
d.
administrative control
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 96
BLM: Higher order
20. What is an example of a lockout?
a.
turning off a stove, and placing a sign on it that says “Do not use”
b.
placing a restricted-access sign on a piece of equipment
c.
turning off equipment and securing the fuse box so no one has access to it
d.
isolating the electrical controls on one piece of equipment
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 106–107
BLM: Higher order
NARRBEGIN: Scenario 4-1
Read the scenario and answer questions 21–25
The performing arts (theatre, dance, music) do not always come to mind when hazardous workplaces are being discussed. However, performers at Canada’s famed Shaw and Stratford festivals encounter many hazards and OH&S incidents can occur. Imagine a theatre with suspended overhead lights, trapdoors in the stage, on-stage sets that look real but are built of flimsy materials, narrow hallways and stairs, and actors engaged in fight scenes using realistic weapons. The same process of hazard recognition, risk assessment, and control must take place.
NARREND