Looking Out Looking In 14th Edition By Ronald B. Adler – Test Bank
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Sample
Questions
CHAPTER
3
PERCEPTION
1. While
culture has a great deal to do with our perception, it is understood that a
person’s mood and tolerance to stress do not.
Answer:
F
Type: T
Pages:
88-89
Knowledge
2. A
common perceptual tendency is to assume that others are similar to us.
Answer: F
Type: T
Pages:
94-95
Knowledge
3. The
text argues that an ailment may have a strong impact on how you relate to
others.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page:
88
Knowledge
4. True
empathy requires that you agree with the other person’s opinions.
Answer:
F
Type: T
Page:
102
Knowledge
5. Identical
foods can actually taste different to various individuals.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 86
Knowledge
6. Sensory
data can be different to different people.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Pages: 86-88
Knowledge
7. We
are influenced more by subtle stimuli rather than obvious ones.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 96
Knowledge
8. In
our perceptions, we cling more strongly to first impressions, even when they
are wrong.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 94
Knowledge
9. In
perceiving others, we usually blame their problems on their personal qualities
rather than on factors outside them.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Pages: 93-94
Knowledge
10. It’s
simply impossible to be aware of everything, no matter how attentive we may be.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 79
Analysis
11. Since
stimuli that are intense often attract our attention, we’re more likely to
remember extremely talkative people than those who are quiet.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 79
Knowledge
12. Unchanging
people or things become less noticeable, and thus occupy less of our attention
than those that change.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 79
Comprehension
13. Selection
is an objective process.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 79
Comprehension
14. The
sensory data we receive are the same for all of us; perceptual differences
occur only after we begin to process those data.
Answer: F
Type: T
Page:
88
Comprehension
15. After
using the “Pillow Method” you should typically conclude that the issue being
considered is not important enough to worry about.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Pages: 104-109
Comprehension
16. The
“halo effect” is a perceptual tendency which causes us to be more generous in
our judgment of ourselves over others.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 94
Knowledge
17. People’s
occupations have little bearing on their perception of the world.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 92
Knowledge
18. Only
women are affected by changes in mood.
Answer: F
Type: T
Pages:
88-89
Comprehension
19. The
self-serving bias illustrates our tendency to judge others more charitably than
ourselves.
Answer: F
Type:
T
Pages:
93-94
Knowledge
20. Your
text claims that there is nothing wrong with the generalizations we make, using
our organization constructs, as long as they are accurate.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 80
Knowledge
21. Punctuation
is the process of organizing a series of events to determine causes and effects.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Pages: 82-83
Knowledge
22. According
to your text, the world appears different to each of us.
Answer: T
Type: T
Page:
78
Knowledge
23. Silence
is valued over talk in most Asian cultures.
Answer:
T
Type: T
Page:
90
Knowledge
24. The
three phases of perception (selection, organization, and interpretation) that
take place in an individual’s mind can occur in differing sequences, with one
influencing another.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Pages: 84-85
Knowledge
25. According
to your text, unhappy spouses are more likely than happy ones to make negative
interpretations of their mates’ behavior.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 84
Knowledge
26. Sympathy
is the ability to experience the world from another’s point of view.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 102
Knowledge
27. One
way in which we organize our impressions of others is by appearance.
Answer:
T
Type: T
Page:
80
Knowledge
28. It is
never appropriate to make a generalization.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 80
Comprehension
29. Stereotyping
occurs when generalizations lose touch with reality.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page:
81
Knowledge
30. Whether
you are happy or unhappy with a partner will affect how you interpret that
partner’s behavior.
Answer: T
Type: T
Page:
84
Comprehension
31. The
process whereby people influence each other’s perceptions and attempt to
achieve a shared perspective is called negotiation.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 85
Knowledge
32. A
shared relational narrative is the reason that some couples say they are
happily married when the facts would indicate otherwise.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 85
Comprehension
33. The
attitude that one’s own culture is superior to other cultures is called
ethnocentrism.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 90
Knowledge
34. The
process of explaining people’s behavior is called assignation.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 93
Knowledge
35. The
skill of perception checking allows you to see if you are correct in your
interpretation of another’s behavior.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Pages: 96-97
Comprehension
36. Perception
checking can be a useful tool when you don’t want to embarrass or directly
threaten another person.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 99
Comprehension
37. Position
Four in the Pillow Method takes the perspective that the original issue should
still be seen as very important.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 106
Knowledge
38. You
have read positive reviews of your Chemistry instructor on a website. According
to the text, you are more likely to find this instructor credible and
attractive.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 84
Application
39. Participating
in events such as the Empathy Experiment described in your text is one way to
build empathy and increase cognitive complexity.
Answer: T
Type: T
Page: 101
Comprehension
40. There
is little difference between the terms sex and gender; they can be used
interchangeably.
Answer: F
Type:
T
Page: 91
Comprehension
41. Studies
suggest that the ability to empathize with others is hard-wired in our brains.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 101
Knowledge
42. Parents
should realize that preventing their children from experiencing and managing
frustrating events can help to increase their empathic concern for others later
in life.
Answer: F
Type: T
Page: 102
Knowledge
43. Studies
suggest that cognitive complexity actually increases one’s chance of having
satisfying communication in a variety of contexts.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 102
Knowledge
44. It’s
possible to avoid stereotyping by attending to characteristics other than those
that are obvious of the group to which you assign someone.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 102
Analysis
45. The
“Platinum Rule” is different from the “Golden Rule” in that it asks us to “do
unto others as they themselves would have done unto them.”
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 105
Knowledge
46. If
your instructor expects you to do well in class, he/she will likely perceive
your work differently from those they expect to fail.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page: 84
Knowledge
47. The
perceptions of people who know you well will not be influenced by information
on your Facebook profile.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 84
Analysis
48. According
to the text, there are no benefits to parents and children being “friends” on
Facebook.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 87
Comprehension
49. According
to the text, an unintended consequence of parents over-monitoring their
children’s technology use is that it might lead them to be sneakier.
Answer:
T
Type:
T
Page:
87
Comprehension
50. Studies
have shown that sexual harassment complaints are rare today because most people
agree on their interpretations of what constitutes a “hostile work environment.”
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 95
Comprehension
51. If
you are a person who tells others “like it is” because you believe such truth
is helpful and constructive, you will interpret similar behavior from others
towards you the same way.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 94
Comprehension
52. Studies
show that judges who listen to singing performances with their backs turned and
no prior knowledge of the contestant almost always appraise the contestant the
same way as judges who don’t.
Answer:
F
Type:
T
Page: 96
Comprehension
53. Which
of these statements is not accurate, according to the text?
54. Teenagers
who don’t get enough food to eat are more likely to get in trouble at school and
have difficulty getting along with others.
55. You
might perceive someone’s behavior differently when you are ill than you would
when you are healthy.
56. Lack
of sleep can affect couple’s perceptions of each other, resulting in discord.
57. Identical
foods may taste differently to different people.
58. Perception
is not influenced by neurological or biological differences.
Answer:
e
Type:
M
Pages: 88-89
Comprehension
54. Which
perceptual tendency is illustrated in the following example? Leah was trying to
be helpful when she told Eric he should wear pants that make him look less fat.
However, when Eric told Leah she should lay off the makeup because it makes her
look “old,” she perceived his comment as hurtful and mean.
55. We
judge ourselves more charitably than others.
56. We
cling to first impressions.
57. We
are influenced by our expectations.
58. We
are influenced by the obvious.
59. None
of the above.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Page: 93
Application
55. The
concept of self-fulfilling prophecy relates best to which of these perceptual
tendencies?
56. We
judge ourselves more charitably than others.
57. We
cling to first impressions.
58. We
are influenced by our expectations.
59. We
are influenced by the obvious.
60. We
assume others are similar to us.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Pages: 95-96
Comprehension
56. The
Pillow Method is designed to
57. persuade
someone to accept your viewpoint.
58. settle
a dispute.
59. minimize
an issue.
60. gain
insight into another’s viewpoint.
61. punctuate
the cause and effect of an argument.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Pages: 104-109
Comprehension
57. The
story in your text about six men from Indostan illustrates
58. the
phenomenon called “culture shock.”
59. the
way people tend to punctuate a series of events differently.
60. the
“Pillow Method” applied to resolve a problem.
61. different
interpretations depending on point of view.
62. self-serving
bias.
Answer:
d
Type: M
Page:
103
Comprehension
58. All
of the following would be included in a good definition of empathy except which
one?
59. It
involves taking the other’s perspective.
60. It
includes concern for the other person.
61. It
requires a sense of the other person’s feelings.
62. It
can’t be totally achieved.
63. It
requires that your opinions match those of the other person.
Answer: e
Type: M
Pages:
100-102
Knowledge
59. A
perception check includes
60. a
description of the behavior you have noticed.
61. two
possible interpretations of the behavior.
62. a
request for clarification about how to interpret the behavior correctly.
63. all
of the above.
64. none
of the above.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Page: 97
Knowledge
60. What’s
missing from this perception check? “When you didn’t do the grocery shopping
today like you usually do, I figured you weren’t feeling good or were mad at
me.”
61. It
doesn’t describe behavior.
62. It
has only one interpretation.
63. It
doesn’t request clarification.
64. It is
too specific.
65. Nothing
is missing from this perception check.
Answer:
c
Type:
M
Page: 97
Application
61. What’s
missing from this perception check? “I figure you’re either upset with me or
worried about your test. Is it something like that?”
62. It
doesn’t describe behavior.
63. It
has only one interpretation.
64. It
doesn’t request clarification.
65. It is
too wordy.
66. Nothing
is missing from this perception check.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Page: 97
Application
62. What’s
missing from this perception check? “When I saw you having lunch with Emily, I
figured you liked her more than me. What’s going on?”
63. It
doesn’t describe behavior.
64. It
has only one interpretation.
65. It
doesn’t request clarification.
66. It is
too wordy.
67. Nothing
is missing from this perception check.
Answer:
b
Type:
M
Page:
97
Application
63. What’s
missing from this perception check? “When you didn’t call me when you said you
would, I thought you might have forgotten or were mad at me. What happened?”
64. It
doesn’t describe behavior.
65. It
has only one interpretation.
66. It
doesn’t request clarification.
67. It is
too wordy.
68. Nothing
is missing from this perception check.
Answer: e
Type: M
Page:
97
Application
64. How
could you improve this perception-checking statement? “When you gave me an F on
my essay, I figured you hated me. Right?”
65. Describe
behavior.
66. Give
another interpretation.
67. Request
clarification.
68. Say
less.
69. It is
great as a perception-checking statement just the way it is.
Answer:
b
Type:
M
Page: 97
Analysis
65. All
of the following are physiological factors shaping perception except which one?
66. the
senses
67. age
and health
68. fatigue
69. ethnicity
70. hunger
Answer: d
Type: M
Pages:
86-89
Knowledge
66. The
recognition of a “figure” as standing out from a “ground” of other stimuli
takes place during what phase of the perception process?
67. ideation
68. stimulation
69. verification
70. organization
71. sensation
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Page: 79
Knowledge
67. All
of the following perceptual factors influence the way we interpret behavior
except which one?
68. relational
satisfaction
69. assumptions
about human behavior
70. androgynous
style
71. past
experience
72. expectations
Answer:
c
Type: M
Page:
84
Comprehension
68. Talk
is viewed as desirable and useful for both task and social purposes in
69. Western
culture.
70. Asian
culture.
71. upper-
and middle-class groups.
72. older
people.
73. all of
the above.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Page: 90
Knowledge
69. Which
of the following statements is not true?
70. People
agree about what smells good or bad.
71. People’s
sensitivity to temperature varies significantly.
72. Odors
that please some people repel others.
73. Men
have mood cycles of ups and downs.
74. All
of the above are true.
Answer:
a
Type: M
Pages:
86-88
Analysis
70. We
notice some stimuli over others in our environment because they are
71. mild.
72. singular.
73. contrasting
or changing.
74. related
to modular communication.
Answer: c
Type: M
Page:
79
Knowledge
71. The
steps in the perception process are
72. initial,
intermediate, final.
73. assumption,
experience, expectation.
74. physical,
psychological, experimental.
75. selection,
organization, interpretation.
76. response,
action, interaction.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Page: 79
Knowledge
72. In
order to understand another person’s perception of a problem, it is necessary
to
73. assume
that person’s social role.
74. spend
time in that person’s culture or subculture.
75. experience
that person’s physiological differences.
76. all
of the above.
77. none
of the above.
Answer:
e
Type:
M
Pages: 100-101
Synthesis
73. Empathy
is related to perception in that
74. the
more perceptive you are, the less empathetic you need be.
75. the
more perceptive you are, the easier it is to forget to be empathetic.
76. empathy
is facilitated by trying to perceive things from the other person’s point of
view.
77. empathy
and perception are both a result of self-fulfilling prophecies.
Answer:
c
Type:
M
Pages: 100-101
Analysis
74. Armando
made a poor first impression on Bianca as he first arrived, so throughout their
evening date, despite his pleasant behavior, Bianca continued to see him in an
unfavorable light due to
75. her
feelings of empathy.
76. the
halo effect.
77. her
punctuation of the events of the evening.
78. the
narrative of the date.
79. physiological
factors influencing Bianca’s perception.
Answer:
b
Type:
M
Page: 94
Application
75. All
of the following are causes of inaccurate perception except
76. we
cling to first impressions.
77. we’re
influenced by what is most obvious.
78. we
assume others are similar to us.
79. we
rate ourselves more negatively than others see us.
80. we
judge ourselves more charitably than others.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Pages: 93-96
Comprehension
76. Being
able to pick out your sister’s comments from a babble of voices at a party
illustrates the organizational principle of
77. figure-ground
organization.
78. alternative
patterning.
79. perceptual
freezing.
80. selection
of empathetic other.
81. attention
to the irritating.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Pages: 79-80
Application
77. An
effective perception checking statement
78. tends
to have a better chance of working in a low-context culture.
79. requires
that your words match your behavior.
80. doesn’t
always require 3 parts.
81. all
of the above.
82. none
of the above.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Pages: 97-99
Knowledge
78. Shannon
says that she works out in the evenings instead of the afternoons because Roger
is always late coming home from work. Roger says he doesn’t bother to rush home
from work because Shannon is always working out. This process of organizing the
series of events in different ways is called
79. punctuation.
80. interpretation.
81. perceptuation.
82. conjugation.
83. intrepidation.
Answer:
a
Type:
M
Pages: 82-83
Application
79. The
term that refers to men and women possessing a mixture of traits that have
previously been considered exclusively masculine or feminine is
80. chauvinistic.
81. adaptable.
82. rhetorically
sensitive.
83. androgynous.
84. analogous.
Answer:
d
Type:
M
Page: 91
Knowledge
80. Using
the skill of perception checking will help prevent
81. negative
self-fulfilling prophecies.
82. physiological
noise.
83. inaccurate
decoding of messages.
84. excessive
feedback.
85. none
of the above.
Answer:
c
Type:
M
Pages: 96-97
Synthesis
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