Life-Span Development 6th Canadian Edition By John W Santrock – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
Biological Beginnings
Multiple Choice Questions
1. As
the environment changes, some species adapt in a way that helps them survive
and reproduce while other species do not adapt well and die. This process is
called
A.canalization.
B. sociobiology.
C. natural
selection.
D. genetic inheritance.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-02 Natural
Selection and Adaptive Behaviour
2. The
process of natural __________ favours individuals of a species that are best
able to survive and reproduce.
A.progression
B. distinction
C. selection
D. accommodation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-02 Natural
Selection and Adaptive Behaviour
3. The
type of behaviour that promotes an organism’s survival in its natural habitat
is called __________ behaviour.
A.receptive
B. adaptive
C. progressive
D. dominant
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-02 Natural
Selection and Adaptive Behaviour
4. Evolutionary
psychology emphasizes that behaviour is a function of mechanisms that require
_________.
A.comparing human social behaviour with the social behaviour of other species
B. input
for activation and is ultimately related to survival and reproduction
C. determining behaviour due to a series of environmental consequences
D. development progressing in a circular course of evolution
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-01 The
Evolutionary Perspective
5. One
of the ideas proposed by evolutionary psychologists is that ___________.
A.evolved mechanisms are not always adaptive in a contemporary society
B. many
psychological mechanisms are domain-specific
C. an extended prenatal period evolved for humans to develop their organ
growth
D. humans take a shorter time to become reproductively mature than any
other mammal
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
6. Baltes
would argue that the need for culture
A.decreases as people age.
B. increases as the infirmities of aging decreases.
C. decreases as cognitive skills decrease.
D. increases
as people age.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
7. A
concrete example of a decrease in evolutionary-selection benefits in older
adults involves
A.diabetes
B. bipolar disorder
C. Alzheimer’s
disease
D. Parkinsonism
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
8. The
perspective that considers human development to be a complex reciprocal
interaction between multiple personal and environmental factors is
A.The inbornist perspective
B. The interactionist perspective
C. The internalist perspective
D. The
evolutionary perspective
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
9. One
way that evolutionary psychology has benefited modern psychology is that it has
A.shown how important cultural diversity is to understanding human development.
B. provided new ways to predict the course of development.
C. helped
us to understand how some behaviour patterns are adaptive.
D. defined many different areas of study in psychology.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
10.
The bidirectional view of development states that _________.
A.biology
and environment influence each other
B. evolution and regression work hand-in-hand
C. generational trends and individual trends influence zygotes
D. culture and regression reduce the effects of heredity
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
Discuss the evolutionary perspective on life-span development.
Topic: 03-03 Evolutionary
Psychology
11.
The genetic code is carried by
A.chromosomes.
B. genes.
C. DNA.
D. cortisol.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-05 The
Collaborative Gene
12.
Which structure can best be described as a spiral staircase or
double helix?
A.gene
B. DNA
molecule
C. chromosome
D. gamete
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-05 The
Collaborative Gene
13.
There are 23 paired chromosomes in each human
A.cell.
B. zygote.
C. gamete.
D. embryo.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
14.
When fertilization occurs, a(n) __________ is formed.
A.ovum
B. zygote
C. gamete
D. DNA helix
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
15.
By the end of which of the following process does each egg or
sperm has 23 unpaired chromosomes?
A.reproduction
B. meiosis
C. mitosis
D. fertilization
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
16.
During ______ an egg and sperm fuse to create a single cell
called a zygote.
A.development
B. conception
C. reproduction
D. fertilization
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
17.
__________ is to cell growth as __________ is to sexual
reproduction.
A.Mitosis;
meiosis
B. Zygote; blastocyst
C. Meiosis; mitosis
D. Zygote; gamete
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
18.
Genetic expression is affected by ______________.
A.zygotes
B. environmental
factors
C. passive genotypes
D. maternal serum
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-09 The Human
Genome Project
19.
Shyness would be an example of ___________.
A.phenotype
B. genotype
C. eugenics
D. meiotic expression
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
20.
Betty is 5’10” inches tall, plays tennis, and is an all-around
likeable young lady. This is a description of Betty’s _____________.
A.polygenetic traits
B. genotype
C. phenotype
D. allele expression
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
21.
The principle of dominant-recessive genes involves __________
genes, while the principle of polygenic inheritance involves __________ genes.
A.2; 2
B. 4; 2
C. 2;
many
D. many; 2
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
22.
Which principles states that many genes can interact to produce
a particular trait?
A.canalization
B. reaction-range
C. dominant-recessive genes
D. polygenic
inheritance
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
23.
Which of the following principles is demonstrated when one gene
overrides the effect of a second gene?
A.polygenic inheritance
B. facilitated gene action
C. dominant-recessive
genes
D. forward-backward gene operation
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
24.
Maria and Frank both have blue eyes. If they have a child, we
know that
A.the
child will also have blue eyes.
B. there is a 50 percent chance that the child will also have blue eyes.
C. there is a 75 percent chance that the child will have brown eyes.
D. the child may have blue or brown eyes, depending on how the genes mix.
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
25.
Melinda and Joseph both have brown eyes. If their child has blue
eyes, we know that
A.both
Melinda and Joseph must be carrying a recessive gene for blue eyes.
B. either Melinda or Joseph must be carrying a recessive gene for blue
eyes.
C. both Melinda and Joseph must be carrying a dominant gene for blue eyes.
D. either Melinda or Joseph must be carrying a dominant gene for blue
eyes.
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe
what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
26.
Maria carries two genes for brown eyes, and John carries two
genes for blue eyes. Their child will have a _____________
A.50 percent chance of having brown eyes.
B. 75 percent chance of having brown eyes.
C. 100 percent chance of having blue eyes.
D. 100
percent chance of having brown eyes.
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-07 Genetic
Principles
27.
If you are looking at someone’s brown hair, you are observing
that person’s
A.genotype.
B. phenotype.
C. reaction range.
D. dominant gene code.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
28.
A person’s blue eyes are an example of his or her
A.DNA.
B. meiosis.
C. genotype.
D. phenotype.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
29.
Genes provide the cell with a set of specific _______
instructions.
A.bioelectrical
B. hormonal
C. neuro-transmitting
D. biochemical
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-05 The
Collaborative Gene
30.
Sasha is at her doctor’s office to get the results from her
amniocentesis. Sasha knew she is carrying twins, but now the doctor tells Sasha
that it looks like she is carrying monozygotic twins. Sasha now knows that she
will have
A.identical
twins.
B. fraternal twins.
C. twins who came from two ova.
D. twins who came from two sperm.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
31.
Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg are called
__________ twins.
A.fraternal
B. adopted
C. dizygotic
D. identical
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
32.
Identical is to fraternal as
A.genotype is to phenotype.
B. phenotype is to genotype.
C. dizygotic is to monozygotic.
D. monozygotic
is to dizygotic.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-06 Genes and
Chromosomes
33.
Which genetic disorder is caused by an extra chromosome?
A.Down
syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Sickle-cell anemia
D. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
34.
Which genetic disorder is has an alerted 21st chromosome?
A.Down
syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Sickle-cell anemia
D. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
35.
Which two of the following genetic disorders are alike in that
both are caused by the presence of an extra chromosome?
A.Down syndrome and Turner syndrome
B. Turner syndrome and sickle-cell anemia
C. Klinefelter
syndrome and Down syndrome
D. Phenylketonuria (PKU) and XYY syndrome
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
36.
Which genetic disorder occurs less often in babies born to young
mothers?
A.Down
syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Sickle-cell anemia
D. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
37.
In an autosomal disorder, if both parents are carriers but not
affected by the disorder each offspring will have ___ percent chance of being
affected.
A.25
B. 50
C. 75
D. 100
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
38.
The genetic disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome
is
A.Klinefelter
syndrome.
B. Turner syndrome.
C. Down syndrome.
D. sickle-cell anemia.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe
what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
39.
Which genetic disorder can be controlled by diet?
A.Down syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Sickle-cell anemia
D. Phenylketonuria
(PKU)
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
40.
Which genetic disorder occurs primarily in people of African
descent?
A.Down syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Sickle-cell
anemia
D. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
41.
Sir Francis Galton (1883) proposed the idea of ___________, a
science that would promote improvement of the human race.
A.giftedness
B. evolutionary intelligence
C. survival of the intelligent
D. eugenics
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-08 Chromosome
and Gene-Linked Variations
42.
The diagnostic potential of amniocentesis is best when this
procedure is performed during the _________ weeks of pregnancy.
A.6th-7th
B. 9th-10th
C. 12th-13th
D. 15th-18th
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-11 Prenatal
Diagnostic Tests
43.
Which prenatal diagnostic test is the LEAST invasive?
A.amniocentesis
B. ultrasound
sonography
C. chorionic villi sampling
D. maternal blood test
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-11 Prenatal
Diagnostic Tests
44.
Prenatal tests are performed to detect whether or not the fetus
is developing normally. Which one of the following tests can be administered
earliest?
A.ultrasound
sonography
B. maternal blood test
C. amniocentesis
D. chorionic villi sampling
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-11 Prenatal
Diagnostic Tests
45.
Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) involves analyzing
____________.
A.the
father’s genetics
B. genetic material from both biological parents
C. placental cells from the mother
D. the father’s sperm
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-11 Prenatal
Diagnostic Tests
46.
Infertility is the inability to conceive a child after
__________.
A.intercourse without contraception
B. 12
months of regular intercourse without contraception
C. 18 months of fertility treatment
D. 24 months of regular intercourse without contraception
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
47.
Which of the following is NOT a fertility problem that can be
attributed to a problem in the male?
A.oligospermia
B. spermarche
C. lack of sperm motility
D. azoospermia
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
48.
The process of conception that occurs outside the body is called
__________ fertilization.
A.zygote
B. gamete
C. in vivo
D. in
vitro
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
49.
Don and Ellie are trying to conceive a baby. How long should
they wait before they suspect infertility?
A.7 months
B. 12
months
C. 15 months
D. 18 months
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
50.
Which of the following might allow an infertile couple to
conceive?
A.amniocentesis
B. in
vitro fertilization
C. ultrasound sonography
D. chorionic villi sampling
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
51.
David and Kelli are seeking help for infertility problems. Under
their physician’s guidance, they decide to undergo a procedure in which one of
Kelly’s eggs is combined in a laboratory dish with her husband’s sperm. What
procedure is this?
A.gamete transfer
B. intracytoplasmic sperm injection
C. zygote intrafallopian transfer
D. in
vitro fertilization
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
52.
Keesha and Brian have been trying to have a baby for over a
year, but it just has not happened. Based on this information, which of the
following can we conclude?
A.They
are infertile.
B. Brian has a low sperm count.
C. Amniocentesis would be helpful.
D. Keesha is not ovulating properly.
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
53.
For those couples in Canada who are infertile,
A.adoption is the best solution.
B. in vitro fertilization is the best solution.
C. surgery or hormone treatment is the best solution.
D. there
are many different solutions depending on the cause of infertility.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
54.
One of the consequences of fertility treatments is
A.Ovulation problems.
B. a spontaneous abortion.
C. multiple
births.
D. increased risk of caesarean section.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
55.
Open adoption involves
A.having weekly contact with the extended family of biological parents.
B. sharing
identifying information and having contact with biological parents.
C. living with biological parents according to the needs of the child.
D. a formal process whereby children make decisions about when to contact
biological parents.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-13 Adoption
56.
The most popular country for adopting children, especially
girls, is:
A.Australia.
B. China.
C. Argentina.
D. Canada.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-13 Adoption
57.
The most common fertility treatment in Canada is the use of
_____.
A.in vitro fertilization
B. fertility
drugs
C. assisted artificial insemination
D. sperm secretion into the ova
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-12 Infertility
and Reproductive Technology
58.
New research indicates identical twins have a
A.similar human genome sequence.
B. related human genome sequence.
C. unique
human genome sequence.
D. variable human genome sequence.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-04 Genetic
Foundations
59.
Adoption studies are usually designed to test the different
effects of
A.adoption on parenting styles.
B. polygenic vs. single-gene traits.
C. environment
and genetics.
D. knowledge of one’s adopted status on children’s behaviour.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-03
Identify some important reproductive challenges and choices.
Topic: 03-13 Adoption
60.
Which of the following would give you the MOST information if
you wanted to study the effects of genetics on personality?
A.comparing two fraternal twins reared apart
B. comparing
two identical twins reared apart
C. comparing two fraternal twins reared together
D. comparing two identical twins reared together
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
Describe what genes are and how they influence human development.
Topic: 03-04 Genetic
Foundations
61.
You have just completed a study of the inheritance of
intelligence. Your data indicate that intelligence is related most strongly to
A.environmental
influence.
B. hereditary patterns.
C. a reaction range factor.
D. unknown factors.
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-04
Explain some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce
individual differences in development.
Topic: 03-15 Behaviour
Genetics
62.
According to Scarr (1993), infants and young children spend most
of their time in a(n) __________ genotype-environment.
A.passive
B. active
C. evocative
D. niche-picking
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-04 Explain
some of the ways that heredity and environment interact to produce individual
differences in development.
Topic: 03-16
Heredity-Environment Correlations
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