Life Span Development 15th Edition by John Santrock – Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Test

Chapter 03

Prenatal Development and Birth

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1.     

_____ occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with an ovum (egg) in the female’s fallopian tube in a process called fertilization.

1.     

Ovulation

1.     

Meiosis

1.     

Conception

1.     

Mitosis

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

2.     

Typical prenatal development lasts between:

1.     

38 to 40 weeks.

1.     

24 to 30 weeks.

1.     

28 to 33 weeks.

1.     

20 to 28 weeks.

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

3.     

Which of the following identifies the order of the three periods of prenatal development in the correct sequence?

1.     

Fertile; embryonic; postterm

1.     

Preterm; germinal; postterm

1.     

Gestational; germinal; postnatal

1.     

Germinal; embryonic; fetal

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

4.     

Rachel is in the first period of prenatal development. This scenario indicates the _____ of prenatal development.

1.     

fetal period

1.     

embryonic period

1.     

implantation period

1.     

germinal period

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

5.     

The germinal period of development takes place in the _____ after conception.

1.     

first two weeks

1.     

first two months

1.     

first three months

1.     

first seven weeks

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

6.     

An egg is fertilized in the _____ period of prenatal development.

1.     

fetal

1.     

embryonic

1.     

implantation

1.     

germinal

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

7.     

Voletta is at the stage of pregnancy where the zygote has attached itself to the uterine wall. This scenario indicates the _____ stage of prenatal development.

1.     

embryonic

1.     

postpartum

1.     

germinal

1.     

fetal

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

8.     

_____ refers to the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

1.     

Implantation

1.     

Conception

1.     

Fertilization

1.     

Involution

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

9.     

The _____ consists of an inner mass of cells that eventually develops into an embryo.

1.     

trophoblast

1.     

blastocyst

1.     

endoblast

1.     

cytocyst

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

10.   

The blastocyst is composed of an inner layer of cells that develops during the germinal period and that will finally develop into the _____.

1.     

embryo

1.     

placenta

1.     

umbilical cord

1.     

gamete

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

11.   

The _____ is the outer layer of cells of the blastocyst that later provides nutrition and support for the embryo.

1.     

ectoderm

1.     

perineum

1.     

cytocyst

1.     

trophoblast

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

12.   

Implantation, the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall, takes place about _____ days after conception.

1.     

6 to 8

1.     

8 to 10

1.     

11 to 15

1.     

14 to 16

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Germinal period

 

13.   

Which of the following is a feature of the embryonic period of prenatal development?

1.     

The creation of the fertilized egg.

1.     

Formation of the blastocyst.

1.     

The attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

1.     

Formation of support systems for cells.

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

14.   

Carla is three-and-a-half weeks pregnant. This indicates that her child is in which of the following stages of prenatal development?

1.     

Embryonic

1.     

Fetal

1.     

Placental

1.     

Germinal

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

15.   

The attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine wall begins the _____ period of prenatal development.

1.     

germinal

1.     

embryonic

1.     

fetal

1.     

zygotic

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

16.   

Cell differentiation intensifies and organs appear in the _____ period of prenatal development.

1.     

embryonic

1.     

zygotic

1.     

fetal

1.     

germinal

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

17.   

Five weeks after conception, the developing organism is called a(n) _____.

1.     

blastocyst

1.     

zygote

1.     

fetus

1.     

embryo

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

18.   

The _____ consists of three layers of cells: the endoderm, the mesoderm, and the ectoderm.

1.     

blastocyst

1.     

fetus

1.     

embryo

1.     

trophoblast

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

19.   

The inner layer of cells of the embryo is referred to as the:

1.     

mesoderm.

1.     

epidermis.

1.     

endometrium.

1.     

endoderm.

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

20.   

The embryo’s _____ develops into the digestive and respiratory systems.

1.     

ectoderm

1.     

endoderm

1.     

trophoblast

1.     

mesoderm

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

21.   

The outermost layer of the embryo is called the _____.

1.     

mesoderm

1.     

cytoderm

1.     

endoderm

1.     

ectoderm

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

22.   

The middle layer of the embryo is called the _____.

1.     

mesoderm

1.     

cytoderm

1.     

endoderm

1.     

ectoderm

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

23.   

The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the circulatory system, bones, muscles, excretory system, and reproductive system.

1.     

endoderm

1.     

ectoderm

1.     

mesoderm

1.     

epidermis

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

24.   

The _____ is a layer of the embryo, which will become the nervous system and brain, sensory receptors, and skin parts.

1.     

mesoderm

1.     

ectoderm

1.     

trophoblast

1.     

endoderm

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

25.   

The life-support systems for the embryo include the:

1.     

umbilical cord, placenta, and amnion.

1.     

circulatory, nervous, and digestive systems.

1.     

digestive system, umbilical cord, and amnion.

1.     

nervous system, digestive system, and umbilical cord.

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

26.   

The _____ consists of a group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and offspring intertwine, but do not connect.

1.     

amnion

1.     

placenta

1.     

embryo

1.     

umbilical cord

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

27.   

The structure that contains two arteries and one vein, and connects the developing embryo to the mother’s body, is called the _____.

1.     

amnion

1.     

placenta

1.     

embryo

1.     

umbilical cord

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

28.   

The _____ prevents large molecules like red blood cells and harmful substances, such as most bacteria and maternal wastes, from entering the fetus.

1.     

umbilical cord

1.     

placental wall

1.     

amniotic sheath

1.     

ectoderm

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

29.   

The _____ is like a bag or envelope, and contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats.

1.     

placenta

1.     

umbilical cord

1.     

amnion

1.     

cervix

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

30.   

The _____ provides an environment that is temperature and humidity controlled, as well as shockproof.

1.     

placental wall

1.     

pericardial fluid

1.     

umbilical cord

1.     

amniotic fluid

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

31.   

Which of the following is a small molecule that would be able to pass through the placental wall?

1.     

Red blood cells

1.     

Carbon dioxide

1.     

Hormones

1.     

Maternal wastes

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

32.   

Which of the following substances is a large molecule that would NOT be able to pass through the placental wall?

1.     

Salt

1.     

Water

1.     

Hormones

1.     

Carbon dioxide

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

33.   

The process of organ development during the first two months of prenatal development is known as _____.

1.     

organogenesis

1.     

spermatogenesis

1.     

urogenesis

1.     

oogenesis

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

34.   

During the fourth week of prenatal development, the urogenital system becomes apparent, and _____ emerge.

1.     

fingernails and toenails

1.     

hair and eyelashes

1.     

arm and leg buds

1.     

eyes and eyelids

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Embryonic period

 

35.   

Tara has just entered the fetal period. Therefore, it has been _____ months since conception.

1.     

two

1.     

three

1.     

four

1.     

five

 

 

APA LO: 1.2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Fetal period

 

36.   

By the end of the fourth month of pregnancy, the fetus measures approximately _____ inches.

1.     

3

1.     

6

1.     

8

1.     

12

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Fetal period

 

37.   

The fetus that Calista is carrying has reached the age of viability, meaning that it has a chance of surviving outside of the womb. Therefore, it can be inferred that Calista is _____ weeks pregnant.

1.     

4 to 8

1.     

16 to 18

1.     

24 to 25

1.     

10 to 12

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Fetal period

 

38.   

Sidney is expecting her first child. She has recently begun to feel the fetus kicking. Sidney’s current stage of pregnancy would fall under which of the following periods of prenatal development?

1.     

Embryonic period

1.     

Fetal period

1.     

Germinal period

1.     

Implantation period

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Fetal period

 

39.   

During pregnancy, which of the following organs or systems are the first to develop?

1.     

Visual system

1.     

Spinal cord

1.     

Urogenital system

1.     

Liver

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Easy
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Trimesters

 

40.   

Petra is in the fourth month of her pregnancy. Her unborn child is now referred to as a _____.

1.     

gamete

1.     

zygote

1.     

fetus

1.     

embryo

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Trimesters

 

41.   

Uma has just given birth. Assuming that the baby is perfectly average, and was born in the U.S., he is most likely to weigh _____ pounds, and would be approximately _____ inches long.

1.     

7½ pounds; 20 inches

1.     

6½ pounds; 18 inches

1.     

5½ pounds; 15 inches

1.     

8½ pounds; 22 inches

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Trimesters

 

42.   

By the time babies are born, they have approximately _____ neurons.

1.     

10 million

1.     

200 million

1.     

1 billion

1.     

100 billion

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

43.   

_____ and _____ are the two birth defects that occur when the neural tube fails to close 24 days after conception.

1.     

Down syndrome; Tay-Sachs disease

1.     

Trisomy 13; Trisomy 18

1.     

Spina bifida; anencephaly

1.     

ADHD; autism

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

44.   

A strategy that can help to prevent neural tube defects is for women to take:

1.     

food rich in vitamin C.

1.     

adequate amounts of the vitamin B folic acid.

1.     

medication for diabetes.

1.     

food that is not contaminated with mercury.

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

45.   

At the peak of neurogenesis, it is estimated that as many as _____ neurons are being generated every minute.

1.     

500

1.     

3,000

1.     

10,000

1.     

200,000

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

46.   

Sarah is a 20-year-old college student who is paralyzed from the waist down. She can walk with difficulty using crutches, but prefers her wheelchair. Sarah tells you that her condition is due to a birth defect that occurs when the neural tube fails to close during gestation. Which of the following birth defects does Sarah most likely have?

1.     

Anencephaly

1.     

Neuronal migration

1.     

Multiple sclerosis

1.     

Spina bifida

 

 

APA LO: 1.3
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

47.   

Neuronal migration occurs approximately _____ weeks after conception.

1.     

1 to 8

1.     

3 to 12

1.     

4 to 15

1.     

6 to 24

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Hard
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Prenatal brain development

 

48.   

“Teratogen” comes from the Greek word “tera”, which means “_____”.

1.     

deformed

1.     

monster

1.     

earth

1.     

evil

 

 

APA LO: 1.1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty Level: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1: Describe prenatal development, including environmental influences.
Topic: Teratogen