Introductory Chemistry 8th Edition by Steven S. Zumdahl – Test Bank

 

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Sample Test

Chapter_03_Matter     1. The state of matter for an object that has neither definite shape nor definite volume is   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gaseous   d. elemental   e. mixed   ANSWER:   c

 

2. The state of matter for an object that has a definite volume but not a definite shape is   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gaseous   d. elemental   e. mixed   ANSWER:   b

 

3. The state of matter for an object that has both definite volume and definite shape is   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gaseous   d. elemental   e. mixed   ANSWER:   a

 

4. Anything that has mass and volume is called ______________. ANSWER:   matter

 

5. Classify each of the following as a physical (P) or a chemical (C) change. ______________ a. cooking an egg ______________ b. boiling water ______________ c. ironing a shirt ______________ d. burning gasoline ______________ e. decomposing water ______________ f. evaporating alcohol ______________ g. sanding a table top ______________ h. grinding grain ______________ i. fermenting fruit juice ______________ j. dissolving sugar in water ANSWER:   a. C b. P c. P d. C e. C f. P g. P h. P i. C j. P

 

6. Which of the following involves a chemical change?   a. boiling water   b. melting ice   c. chopping wood   d. cooking an egg   e. none of these   ANSWER:   d

 

7. Which of the following is a physical change?   a. burning gasoline   b. cooking an egg   c. decomposing meat   d. evaporating water   e. rusting iron   ANSWER:   d

 

8. Which of these is a chemical property?   a. Helium is very nonreactive.   b. Sodium is a soft shiny metal.   c. Water has a high specific heat.   d. Glycerol is a viscous liquid.   e. Ice melts at 0 C.   ANSWER:   a

 

9. Which of the following involves no chemical change?   a. burning paper   b. boiling water   c. baking a cake   d. lighting a match   e. driving a car   ANSWER:   b

 

10. Which of the following is only a physical change?   a. Sugar dissolves in coffee.   b. Cookies burn in the oven.   c. A banana ripens.   d. Leaves turn colors in the fall.   e. At least two of the above (a-d) exhibit only a physical change.   ANSWER:   a

 

11. Which of the following is a chemical change?   a. Water condenses on a mirror.   b. A damp towel dries.   c. Peanuts are crushed.   d. A “tin” can rusts.   e. At least two of the above (a-d) exhibit a chemical change.   ANSWER:   d

 

12. An example of a chemical change is   a. boiling alcohol   b. grinding coffee beans.   c. digesting a pizza   d. coffee spilled on a shirt   e. an ice cube melting in a drink   ANSWER:   c

 

13. In a chemical change,   a. a phase change must occur   b. the original material can never be regenerated   c. a phase change never occurs   d. the products are different substances from the starting materials   ANSWER:   d

 

14. All ______________ changes are ______________ changes. ANSWER:   chemical; physical

 

15. If iodine melts at 114°C and boils at 184°C, what is its physical state at 120°C? ANSWER:   liquid

 

16. If iodine melts at 114°C and boils at 184°C, what is its physical state at 98°C? ANSWER:   solid

 

17. If iodine melts at 114°C and boils at 184°C, what is its physical state at 250°C? ANSWER:   gas

 

18. Which of the following describes a chemical property of gold?   a. Gold is a yellow metal.   b. Gold is an inert (nonreactive) metal.   c. Gold is a soft metal.   d. Gold is a very dense metal.   e. Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity.   ANSWER:   b

 

19. Which of the following is a chemical change?   a. water boiling   b. gasoline evaporating   c. butter melting   d. sugar dissolving in water   e. paper burning   ANSWER:   e

 

20. How many of the following are pure compounds? sodium, sugar, oxygen, air, iron   a. 1   b. 2   c. 3   d. 4   e. 5   ANSWER:   a

 

21. A(n) ___________ always has the same composition. ANSWER:   compound

 

22. Which of the following is an element?   a. helium   b. salt   c. alcohol   d. vinegar   e. sugar   ANSWER:   a

 

23. True or false? A compound can consist of one kind of element.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

24. Which of the following is an element?   a. brass   b. salt   c. water   d. earth   e. oxygen   ANSWER:   e

 

25. Which of these is an element?   a. water   b. iron ore   c. wood   d. silver   e. brass   ANSWER:   d

 

26. An example of a mixture is   a. hydrogen fluoride   b. purified water   c. gold   d. the air in this room   e. all of these   ANSWER:   d

 

27. An example of a pure substance is   a. elements   b. compounds   c. pure water   d. carbon dioxide   e. all of these   ANSWER:   e

 

28. Which of the following is an incorrect description?   a. A homogeneous mixture.   b. A heterogeneous compound.   c. A solid element.   d. A mixture of solids.   e. A solution of gases.   ANSWER:   b

 

29. A homogeneous mixture is also called _______________.   a. a heterogeneous mixture.   b. a pure substance.   c. a compound.   d. a solution.   e. an element.   ANSWER:   d

 

30. Classify each of the following as an element (A), a compound (B), a homogeneous mixture (C), or a heterogeneous mixture (D). a. table salt ______________ b. chlorine gas ______________ c. sand in water ______________ d. petroleum ______________ e. caffeine ______________   ANSWER:   a. C b. A c. D d. C e. B

 

31. Water is an example of   a. a homogeneous mixture   b. a heterogeneous mixture   c. a compound   d. an element   ANSWER:   c

 

32. A solution can be distinguished from a compound by its   a. variable composition   b. liquid state   c. heterogeneous nature   d. lack of color   ANSWER:   a

 

33. Which of the following is an element?   a. iron   b. wood   c. water   d. blood   e. none of these   ANSWER:   a

 

34. Classify each of the following as an element (E), a compound (C), or a mixture (M). a. 14K gold _____________ b. pure silver _____________ c. aluminum _____________ d. distilled water _____________ e. tap water _____________ f. brass _____________ g. tungsten _____________ h. sodium chloride _____________ i. air _____________   ANSWER:   a. M b. E c. E d. C e. M f. M g. E h. C i. M

 

35. Which is an example of a homogeneous mixture?   a. vodka   b. oily water   c. soil (dust)   d. sodium chloride   e. aluminum   ANSWER:   a

 

36. Helium is an example of   a. a homogeneous mixture   b. a heterogeneous mixture   c. a compound   d. an element   ANSWER:   d

 

37. The process of filtering a sand-saltwater mixture is a ______________ process. ANSWER:   physical

 

38. Which of the following processes require(s) chemical methods?   a. Separating a homogeneous mixture into pure substances.   b. Separating a heterogeneous mixture into pure substances.   c. Distilling a saltwater mixture.   d. Breaking a compound into its constituent elements.   e. At least two of the above (a-d) require chemical methods.   ANSWER:   d

 

39. Which of the following processes is a chemical change?   a. Dry ice sublimes when left on the demo table in lecture.   b. The light on a candle burns until a bell jar is placed over it for a period of time.   c. When a few drops of red food coloring are added to a beaker of hot water, the water immediately turns red.   d. Liquid nitrogen dumped onto the floor vaporizes at room temperature.   e. None of the above processes are chemical changes.   ANSWER:   b

 

40. How many of the following are compounds? H2O, N2O4, NaOH, MnO2, HF   a. 1   b. 2   c. 3   d. 4   e. 5   ANSWER:   e

 

41. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?   a. pure water   b. gasoline   c. jar of jelly beans   d. soil   e. copper metal   ANSWER:   b

 

42. True or false? Two or more atoms bonded together always form a compound.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

43. True or false? An element consists of only single atoms of that element.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

44. True or false? A solid substance is not considered matter.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

45. True or false? Carbon dioxide can exist only in the gaseous state.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

46. Diamond is a __________ state of matter.   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gaseous   d. unknown   ANSWER:   a

 

47. True or false? The normal boiling point of water is 100oC, which is a physical property of the substance water.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   True

 

48. True or false? Gold is a relatively soft metal, which is a chemical property of the substance gold.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

49. A __________ change involves a change in one or more physical properties, but no change in the fundamental components that make up the substance.   a. chemical   b. physical   c. mixed   d. potential   e. kinetic   ANSWER:   b

 

50. A __________ change involves a change in the fundamental components of the substance; a given substance changes into a different substance or substances.   a. chemical   b. physical   c. mixed   d. potential   e. kinetic   ANSWER:   a

 

51. True or false? Metal rusting is an example of a chemical change.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   True

 

52. True or false? Juice freezing into a popsicle is an example of a physical change.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   True

 

53. True or false? Dry ice subliming (turning from a solid straight into a gas) is an example of a chemical change.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   False

 

54. How many of the following are pure substances? (Check all that apply.)   a. water   b. air   c. carbon   d. brass   e. gold   f. ammonia   ANSWER:   a, c, e, f

 

55. How many of the following are compounds? (Check all that apply.)   a. water   b. air   c. carbon   d. brass   e. gold   f. ammonia   ANSWER:   a, f

 

56. A sample of a liquid does not have a definite   a. mass   b. density   c. volume   d. shape   e. all of these are definite for a sample of a liquid   ANSWER:   d

 

57. A sample of a gas has a definite   a. mass   b. density   c. volume   d. shape   e. none of these are definite for a sample of a gas   ANSWER:   a

 

58. Which of the following is not a physical change?   a. boiling a liquid   b. melting a solid   c. condensing a gas   d. freezing a liquid   e. burning a liquid   ANSWER:   e

 

59. Which of the following is a chemical change?   a. boiling a liquid   b. melting a solid   c. condensing a gas   d. freezing a liquid   e. burning a liquid   ANSWER:   e

 

60. In which phase of water are the molecules close together and in relatively rigid positions?   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gas   d. steam   e. plasma   ANSWER:   a

 

61. In which phase of water are the molecules close together but able to move around to some extent?   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gas   d. steam   e. plasma   ANSWER:   b

 

62. In which phase of water are the molecules far part and move randomly?   a. solid   b. liquid   c. gas   d. ice   e. plasma   ANSWER:   c

 

63. Distillation usually involves converting which phases of a mixture?   a. solid to liquid b. liquid to solid   c. liquid to gas d. solid to gas   e. gas to solid       ANSWER:   c

 

64. Filtration usually involves separating which phases from a mixture?   a. solid from liquid b. solid from gas   c. liquid from gas d. liquid from liquid   e. solid from solid       ANSWER:   a

 

 

Chapter_05_Nomenclature       1. True or false? In naming ionic compounds, the cation is always named first and the anion second.   a. True   b. False   ANSWER:   True

 

2. Which of the following is a binary compound?   a. O2   b. HCN   c. H2SO4   d. H2S   e. NaOH   ANSWER:   d

 

3. The correct name for LiCl is   a. lithium monochloride   b. lithium(I) chloride   c. monolithium chloride   d. lithium chloride   e. monolithium monochloride   ANSWER:   d

 

4. The name for 2+ is   a. mercury(I) ion   b. mercury ion   c. mercury(II) ion   d. hydrogen ion   e. hydrogen(II) ion   ANSWER:   a

 

5. The correct name for FeO is   a. iron oxide   b. iron(II) oxide   c. iron(III) oxide   d. iron monoxide   e. iron(I) oxide   ANSWER:   b

 

6. The charge on a strontium ion in its ionic compound is   a. +2   b. +1   c. +3   d. -2   e. Various charges are possible.   ANSWER:   a

 

7. The symbol for the rubidium ion is   a. Rb2+   b. R+   c. R2+   d. Ru   e. Rb+   ANSWER:   e

 

8. Na+ represents a   a. sodium ion   b. sodium atom   c. potassium ion   d. potassium atom   e. naval ion   ANSWER:   a

 

9. The correct name for the Al3+ species is   a. aluminum ion   b. aluminum(III) ion   c. aluminum   d. trialuminum ion   e. aluminum(3A) ion   ANSWER:   a

 

10. Which of the following is not the correct chemical formula for the compound named?   a. hydrocyanic acid HCN   b. calcium sulfate CaSO4   c. beryllium oxide BeO   d. nickel(II) peroxide Ni2O   e. ammonium chromate (NH4)2CrO4   ANSWER:   d

 

11. Which of the following formulas is incorrect?   a. AlO3   b. KBr   c. KNO3   d. Li2O   e. CaSO4   ANSWER:   a

 

12. Titanium(IV) oxide has the formula   a. Ti4O   b. TiO4   c. Ti(IV)O   d. TiO2   e. Ti4O2   ANSWER:   d

 

13. The name for Li2O is ______________. ANSWER:   lithium oxide

 

14. The correct name for P2O5 is   a. phosphorus(II) oxide   b. phosphorus(V) oxide   c. diphosphorus oxide   d. diphosphorus pentoxide   e. phosphorus pentoxide   ANSWER:   d

 

15. A compound contains an unknown ion X and has the formula XCl2. Ion X contains 20 electrons. What is the identity of X?   a. Ti2+   b. Sc+   c. Ca2+   d. Cr2+   e. Mn3+   ANSWER:   a

 

16. What is the formula for silicon tetrachloride?   a. SiCl4   b. Si4Cl   c. Si2Cl4   d. Si4Cl2   e. SiCl   ANSWER:   a

 

17. The binary compound PCl3 is called   a. phosphorus chloride   b. triphosphorus chloride   c. monophosphorus trichloride   d. phosphorus trichloride   e. none of these   ANSWER:   d

 

18. The compound PI3 is named   a. potassium iodide   b. monophosphorus iodide   c. phosphorus iodide   d. phosphorus triiodide   e. none of these   ANSWER:   d

 

19. The name for SO2 is ______________. ANSWER:   sulfur dioxide

 

20. The formula for calcium hydrogen sulfate is   a. Ca(SO4)2   b. CaS2   c. Ca(HSO4)2   d. Ca2HSO4   e. Ca2S   ANSWER:   c

 

21. What is the correct name of the compound that results from the most stable ion for sulfur and the metal ion that contains 24 electrons?   a. iron(II) sulfate   b. iron(III) sulfide   c. chromium(II) sulfide   d. nickel(III) sulfate   e. iron(II) sulfide   ANSWER:   e

 

22. The name of the compound NH4BrO2 is   a. ammonium bromite   b. ammonium hypobromite   c. ammonium perbromate   d. ammonium bromate   e. ammonium bromide   ANSWER:   a

 

23. The correct formula for the carbonate ion is   a. CO3–   b. CO32–   c. CO4–   d. CO42–   e. CO33–   ANSWER:   b

 

24. The correct formula for ammonium sulfate is   a. NH4SO3   b. NH4SO4   c. (NH4)2SO3   d. (NH4)2SO4   e. (NH3)2SO3   ANSWER:   d

 

25. The name of the PO43- ion is   a. phosphate   b. phosphite   c. phosphide   d. phosphoric   e. phosphorous   ANSWER:   a

 

26. The correct name for an aqueous solution of H2SO4 is   a. sulfurous acid   b. hydrosulfurous acid   c. sulfuric acid   d. hydrosulfuric acid   e. none of these   ANSWER:   c

 

27. The correct name for an aqueous solution of H2CO3 is   a. carbonate acid   b. hydrocarbonic acid   c. carbonous acid   d. carbonic acid   e. hydrocarbonous acid   ANSWER:   d

 

28. The correct name for an aqueous solution of H3PO4 is   a. hydrophosphoric acid   b. phosphorous acid   c. phosphate acid   d. hydrophosphorus acid   e. phosphoric acid   ANSWER:   e

 

29. The correct name for an aqueous solution of HCN is   a. hydrocyanic acid   b. cyanic acid   c. cyanate acid   d. hydrocyanous acid   e. cyanous acid   ANSWER:   a

 

30. The correct name for an aqueous solution of HCl is   a. chloric acid   b. hydrochloric acid   c. hypochloric acid   d. hypochlorous acid   e. perchloric acid   ANSWER:   b

 

31. Which of the following is an incorrect name for an acid?   a. hydrocarbonate acid   b. hydrocyanic acid   c. acetic acid   d. phosphoric acid   e. sulfurous acid   ANSWER:   a

 

32. The correct name for an aqueous solution of HC2H3O2 is   a. hydrocarbonate acid   b. hydrocarbonic acid   c. hydroacetic acid   d. acetic acid   e. none of these   ANSWER:   d

 

33. The name for ClO4– is ______________. ANSWER:   perchlorate ion

 

34. The correct name for the Sn4+ species is ______________. ANSWER:   tin(IV) ion

 

35. The name for the Fe2+ species is ______________. ANSWER:   iron(II) ion

 

36. The name for CO32– is ______________. ANSWER:   carbonate ion

 

37. The name for NO3– is ______________. ANSWER:   nitrate ion

 

38. The correct formula for the ammonium ion is   a. NH42+   b. N4H+   c. NH4+   d. NH4   e. Am+   ANSWER:   c

 

39. The carbonate ion has the formula CO32–. What is the correct formula for sodium carbonate?   a. Na(CO3)2   b. Na2(CO3)2   c. Na2CO3   d. Na3(CO)2   e. NaCO3   ANSWER:   c

 

40. What is the name for ?   a. phosphate ion   b. phosphite ion   c. hydrogen phosphate ion   d. hydrogen phosphite ion   e. hydrogen phosphorus oxide ion   ANSWER:   c

 

41. The substance ClO3– is best described as   a. a molecule   b. a polyatomic ion   c. a polyatomic molecule   d. a mixture   ANSWER:   b

 

42. The formula for the compound formed from the polyatomic ions NH4+ and is   a. NH4(PO4)3   b. NH4PO4   c. (NH4)3PO4   d. (NH4)2(PO4)2   ANSWER:   c

 

43. The name of the BrO3– ion is   a. bromate ion   b. bromite ion   c. hypobromite ion   d. perbromate ion   e. bromoxide ion   ANSWER:   a

 

44. Which of the following is named incorrectly? What should its name be? a. FeSO4; iron(II) sulfate b. Sn3(PO4)4; tin(IV) phosphate c. K3P; potassium phosphide d. Fe(OH)2; iron(III) hydroxide e. All are correct. ANSWER:   d. This answer is incorrect. It should be Fe(OH)2; iron(II) hydroxide.

 

45. Potassium chlorate has the formula   a. KCl   b. KClO   c. KClO2   d. KClO3   e. KClO4   ANSWER:   d

 

46. Sodium chlorite has the formula   a. NaCl   b. NaClO   c. NaClO2   d. NaClO3   e. NaClO4   ANSWER:   c

 

47. Which of the following represents the hypochlorite ion?   a. ClO–   b. ClO2–   c. ClO3–   d. ClO4–   e. Cl–   ANSWER:   a

 

48. The formula for the compound formed from ammonium and sulfate ions is   a. NH4SO4   b. (NH4)2SO4   c. NH4(SO4)2   d. (NH4)3SO4   e. none of these   ANSWER:   b

 

49. The name of the ClO2– ion is   a. chlorite   b. chloride   c. hypochlorate   d. perchlorate   e. none of these   ANSWER:   a

 

50. The name for the compound NH4F is ______________. ANSWER:   ammonium fluoride

 

51. The name for the compound Sn(NO3)2 is ______________. ANSWER:   tin(II) nitrate

 

52. The name for the compound Fe2O3 is ______________. ANSWER:   iron(III) oxide

 

53. The correct name for NiO is   a. nickel(II) oxide   b. nickel(I) oxide   c. nickel oxide   d. nickel monoxide   e. nickel(I) monoxide   ANSWER:   a

 

54. The correct name for an aqueous solution of HBr is   a. bromic acid   b. hydrobromic acid   c. hypobromic acid   d. hydrobromous acid   e. hypobromous acid   ANSWER:   b

 

55. The name for the acid HNO3 is ______________. ANSWER:   nitric acid

 

56. The correct name for HClO4(aq) is ______________. ANSWER:   perchloric acid

 

57. The name for the acid H2SO3 is   a. sulfuric acid   b. sulfurous acid   c. hydrosulfuric acid   d. hydrosulfurous acid   e. sulfurite acid   ANSWER:   b

 

58. The name for the acid HNO2 is   a. nitrous acid   b. nitric acid   c. hydronitrous acid   d. hydronitric acid   e. hydrogen nitrite acid   ANSWER:   a

 

59. The name for the acid H2SO4 is ______________. ANSWER:   sulfuric acid

 

60. The name for the acid HC2H3O2 is ______________. ANSWER:   acetic acid

 

61. Choose the correct name for HNO2.   a. hydronitric acid   b. ammonium acid   c. ammonia   d. nitric acid   e. nitrous acid   ANSWER:   e

 

62. Which of the following is the correct formula for bromic acid?   a. HBr(aq)   b. HBrO(aq)   c. HBrO2(aq)   d. HBrO3(aq)   e. HBrO4(aq)   ANSWER:   d

 

63. Which of the following is named correctly?   a. HCl(aq); hypochlorous acid   b. (NH4)3PO3; ammonium phosphate   c. H2SO3(aq); sulfuric acid   d. NH3; ammonium ion   e. HNO3(aq); nitric acid   ANSWER:   e