Introduction to Pharmacology 12th Edition By Mary Kaye Asperheim – Test Bank
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Sample Questions
Asperheim: Introduction to Pharmacology, 12th Edition
Chapter 4: Introduction to Drug Dosage
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In
cases of liver or kidney failure, doses of medication may need to be:
|
a. |
Increased by a factor of
two |
|
b. |
Administered with a
buffering agent |
|
c. |
Decreased, depending on the
patient’s condition |
|
d. |
Delivered intravenously |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Increasing the dose may
cause overdoses in the patient with liver or kidney failure. |
|
B |
Buffering agents will not
help detoxify the body of medications if the patient is in liver or kidney
failure. |
|
C |
Impaired kidney and liver
function may cause drugs to accumulate to toxic levels in the body. |
|
D |
Intravenous administration
of usual doses could result in serious toxic effects of medication in the
patient with liver or kidney failure. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 24
2. A
reconstituted vial of penicillin G potassium contains 50,000 units/mL. A dose
of 20,000 units would be _____ mL.
|
a. |
4 |
|
b. |
10 |
|
c. |
0.4 |
|
d. |
0.5 |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The decimal is one place
too far to the right for this dose. |
|
B |
10 mL would be a dose of
500,000 units. |
|
C |
20,000 units ¸ 50,000 units/mL = 0.4 mL |
|
D |
0.5 mL would be a dose of
25,000 units. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 25
3. A
medication that is ordered BID is to be given:
|
a. |
Before meals |
|
b. |
Twice a day |
|
c. |
After meals |
|
d. |
Odd days of the month |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The Latin abbreviation
for before meals is
AC. |
|
B |
BID is the abbreviation for
the Latin term bis
in die (twice a day). |
|
C |
The Latin abbreviation
for after
meals is PC. |
|
D |
There is no standard Latin abbreviation
for odd days of the
month. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
27
4. In
the therapeutic use of heparin, the blood clotting time is usually maintained
at what rate of the normal clotting rate?
|
a. |
Ten times |
|
b. |
One half |
|
c. |
Three times |
|
d. |
Two times |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
This rate would cause death
from hemorrhage in a short time. |
|
B |
Heparin would not decrease
the time of clot formation. |
|
C |
This rate would cause
serious complications from bleeding in a short time. |
|
D |
To provide a safe way to
decrease formation of blood clots, heparin is prescribed to maintain a blood
clotting time at twice the normal rate. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
25
5. In
general, how do doses for orally administered medications compare with those
administered by parenteral routes?
|
a. |
They are larger. |
|
b. |
They are smaller. |
|
c. |
They are the same. |
|
d. |
They are comparable. |
ANS: A
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Generally, larger doses are
ordered when a medication is given by mouth or by rectum and smaller doses
when the parenteral route is used. Oral medications are usually not given in
smaller doses than those administered by parenteral routes. |
|
B |
Generally, larger doses are
ordered when a medication is given by mouth or by rectum and smaller doses
when the parenteral route is used. |
|
C |
Generally, larger doses are
ordered when a medication is given by mouth or by rectum and smaller doses
when the parenteral route is used. |
|
D |
Generally, larger doses are
ordered when a medication is given by mouth or by rectum and smaller doses
when the parenteral route is used. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
24
6. In
this illustration, how many units of insulin are in the syringe?
|
a. |
10 |
|
b. |
15 |
|
c. |
30 |
|
d. |
45 |
ANS: D
This syringe contains 45 units of insulin.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 25
7. The
abbreviation AC in a prescription means that the medication is to be taken:
|
a. |
Daily |
|
b. |
After meals |
|
c. |
As needed |
|
d. |
Before meals |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
There is no abbreviation
for daily because
it should be written out according to the Joint Commission’s “Do Not Use”
list. |
|
B |
The Latin abbreviation
for after meals is
PC. |
|
C |
The Latin abbreviation
for as needed is
PRN. |
|
D |
Ante cibum is the Latin
term for before
eating. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
27
PROBLEM
1. From
a vial of 100 units of regular insulin, how much (in milliliters) is to be
drawn up for a dose of 47 units?
ANS:
.47 mL
100 units = 1 mL; 100/47 =.47 mL
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 25
2. Potassium
chloride is in a vial containing 20 mEq/mL. How much of the medication will the
nurse draw up to make a dose of 24 mEq?
ANS:
1.2 mL
Dose desired ¸ Dose
available ´
Concentration
(24 mEq ¸ 20
mEq) ´ 1 mL
= 1.2 mL
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 26
3. A
vial of Lanoxin (digoxin) pediatric elixir has a concentration of 50 mcg (0.05
mg) per mL. Which volume of the medication is equal to a dose of 0.015 mg?
ANS:
0.3 mL
0.05 mg = 1 mL; 0.015 ¸ 0.05
= 0.3 mL
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 26
4. From
a vial of heparin with a concentration of 5000 units/mL, how much volume is a dose
of 3000 units?
ANS:
0.6 mL
5000 units = 1 mL; 3000/5000 = 0.6 mL
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 25
5. When
reconstituted with 20 mL of diluent, a vial of penicillin G contains 50,000
units/mL. What dose is a volume of 1.25 mL?
ANS:
62,500 units
50,000 ´ 1.25
= 62,500
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Apply
REF: Page 25
MATCHING
Match the terms with the following abbreviations:
|
a. |
Three times daily |
|
b. |
Before meals |
|
c. |
Immediately |
|
d. |
After meals |
|
e. |
As needed |
1. PC
2. PRN
3. TID
4. AC
5. stat
1. Asperheim:
Introduction to Pharmacology, 12th Edition
Chapter 7: Antibiotics and Antifungal,
Antiviral, and Antiparasitic Agents
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
a. The
range of microorganisms against which an antibiotic agent has activity is
called:
|
a. |
Scope |
|
b. |
Spectrum |
|
c. |
Scale |
|
d. |
Sphere |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
This is not the term used to refer to the activity of
antibiotic agents. |
|
B |
Broad-spectrum antibiotic agents have a wide range of
action against many microorganisms. |
|
C |
This is not the term used to refer to the activity of
antibiotic agents. |
|
D |
This is not the term used to refer to the activity of
antibiotic agents. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
49
b. The widespread
use of antibiotic agents in the past few decades may have contributed to which
of the following?
|
a. |
Development of resistant strains of microorganisms |
|
b. |
Elimination of most harmful bacteria |
|
c. |
Promotion of new types of viruses |
|
d. |
Eradication of communicable diseases |
ANS: A
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Many microorganisms are now resistant to antibiotic
agents, and this may be a result of use of the medications for nearly every
infection over a period of many years. |
|
B |
The presence of harmful bacteria is widespread,
despite the use of medications and antiseptic agents. |
|
C |
Antibiotic agents are not effective against viruses. |
|
D |
Antiviral agents are used to treat communicable
diseases. Communicable diseases have not been eradicated due to viral and
host metabolic activities. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
49
c. A
patient states that he has received penicillin before with no adverse effects.
The nurse knows that this means his risk of allergic reaction is:
|
a. |
Nonexistent |
|
b. |
Uncertain |
|
c. |
Extremely high |
|
d. |
About 50% |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Sensitivity to a substance is almost always possible,
even if unlikely. |
|
B |
Past exposure to a certain medication may have made
the patient sensitive to the substance, and it is not possible to predict
whether an adverse reaction will occur. |
|
C |
A high risk of adverse effects would be based on
previous reactions to the medication. |
|
D |
It is not possible to calculate the statistical risk
of a reaction to a medication. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 50
d. The
first antibiotic agent developed for use in treating infection was:
|
a. |
Sulfa |
|
b. |
Erythromycin |
|
c. |
Ciprofloxacin |
|
d. |
Penicillin |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Sulfonamide agents were developed in the 1930s. |
|
B |
Erythromycin was developed in the 1950s. |
|
C |
Ciprofloxacin was developed in the 1980s. |
|
D |
Dr. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
49
e. The
correct route of administration for long-acting forms of penicillin is:
|
a. |
Oral |
|
b. |
Intramuscular |
|
c. |
Intravenous |
|
d. |
Sublingual |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
No oral form of long-acting penicillin exists. |
|
B |
Long-acting forms of penicillin may be given only intramuscularly. |
|
C |
Given intravenously, long-acting forms of penicillin
can cause lethal embolization. |
|
D |
No sublingual form of long-acting penicillin exists. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
50
f. The
cephalosporin antibiotic agents are structurally related to which of the
following?
|
a. |
Penicillin drugs |
|
b. |
Sulfonamide drugs |
|
c. |
Tetracycline drugs |
|
d. |
Erythromycin drugs |
ANS: A
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Like the penicillin drugs, cephalosporin agents are originally
derived from mold. |
|
B |
Cephalosporin agents are not related to sulfonamide
drugs. |
|
C |
Cephalosporin agents are not related to tetracycline
drugs. |
|
D |
Cephalosporin agents are not related to erythromycin
drugs. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember
REF: Page 51
g. All
cephalosporin antibiotic agents have effectiveness against which organisms?
|
a. |
Viruses |
|
b. |
Streptococci |
|
c. |
Bacillus anthracis |
|
d. |
Escherichia coli |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Viruses are not generally susceptible to antibiotic
agents. |
|
B |
In addition to streptococci, cephalosporin agents are
effective against some strains of staphylococci. |
|
C |
Cephalosporin agents are not effective against B. anthracis; penicillin has been the treatment
of choice. |
|
D |
Cephalosporin agents are not effective against E. coli; antibiotic drugs should not be used for
the treatment of E. coli. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
51
h. The
drug of choice for Rocky Mountain spotted fever is:
|
a. |
Erythromycin |
|
b. |
Tetracycline |
|
c. |
Keflex |
|
d. |
Penicillin |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Erythromycin is not effective for treatment of Rocky
Mountain spotted fever. |
|
B |
Tetracycline is also the drug of choice for treatment
of Lyme disease. |
|
C |
Keflex is not effective for treatment of Rocky
Mountain spotted fever. |
|
D |
Penicillin is not effective for treatment of Rocky
Mountain spotted fever. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
53
i. Which
antibiotic agent is sometimes used for patients who are allergic to penicillin?
|
a. |
Tetracycline |
|
b. |
Erythromycin |
|
c. |
Fluconazole |
|
d. |
Sulfisoxazole |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Tetracycline is not a substitute for penicillin. |
|
B |
Erythromycin has effectiveness against most of the
same organisms as penicillin and is often used for patients who are sensitive
to penicillin drugs. |
|
C |
Fluconazole is an antifungal agent and is not a
substitute for penicillin. |
|
D |
Sulfisoxazole is primarily prescribed for urinary
tract infections and is not a substitute for penicillin. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
53
j. Because
of the likelihood of discoloring tooth enamel, tetracycline should not be
prescribed to which of the following?
|
a. |
Dental patients and denture wearers |
|
b. |
Pregnant women, as well as children younger than 8
years old |
|
c. |
Patients who consume large amounts of milk and butter |
|
d. |
Patients who wear orthodontic braces |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
This would include nearly all patients; it is not a contraindication
for tetracycline. |
|
B |
Brown or yellow stains on teeth can result from drug
concentrations of tetracycline. |
|
C |
Dairy product consumption is not a contraindication
for tetracycline. |
|
D |
Wearing orthodontic braces is not a contraindication
for tetracycline. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 53
k. Concentration-dependent bacterial
killing refers to the:
|
a. |
Dose of medication prescribed |
|
b. |
Length of time the medication is prescribed |
|
c. |
Drug serum concentration |
|
d. |
Frequency with which the medication is taken |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The dose of the medication is not the only
determinant of its concentration; absorption also affects the drug levels and
therefore the effectiveness. |
|
B |
The interval for which the medication is taken does
not affect its concentration. |
|
C |
The bactericidal activity is more pronounced as the
serum drug concentration increases. |
|
D |
The frequency of administration is not the only
determinant of its concentration; absorption also affects the drug levels and
therefore the effectiveness. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 54
l. Quinolone
antibiotic agents should be administered with caution to patients taking which
of the following medications?
|
a. |
Antidepressant medications |
|
b. |
Anticoagulant medications |
|
c. |
Antifungal medications |
|
d. |
Antacid medications |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Antidepressant medications do not have an adverse
reaction with quinolones. |
|
B |
In some cases, quinolone agents have been known to
produce prolonged bleeding times. |
|
C |
Antifungal medications do not have an adverse
reaction with quinolones. |
|
D |
Antacid medications do not have an adverse reaction
with quinolones. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand
REF: Page 54
m. Patients
with compromised immune systems often develop thrush, an example of what type
of infection?
|
a. |
Viral |
|
b. |
Bacterial |
|
c. |
Fungal |
|
d. |
Protozoal |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
A virus does not cause thrush. |
|
B |
Bacteria do not cause thrush. |
|
C |
Thrush is caused by Candida
albicans, the causative agent in yeast infections. |
|
D |
Protozoa do not cause thrush. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
57
n. Fungi
are parasitic because they lack:
|
a. |
DNA |
|
b. |
RNA |
|
c. |
Chlorophyll |
|
d. |
Cell walls |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Fungi do contain DNA. |
|
B |
Fungi do contain RNA. |
|
C |
Fungi cannot photosynthesize like plants can or eat
food as animals can and therefore need to depend on a host. |
|
D |
Fungi do contain cell walls. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 57
o. Developing
effective antiviral medications has been difficult because of which of the
following?
|
a. |
The few progeny a virus can produce during the course
of an illness |
|
b. |
The similar metabolic processes that make medications
toxic for the patient and the virus |
|
c. |
The need for broken cells in which the virus can
replicate |
|
d. |
The cost of producing effective medications in the
laboratory |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Viruses can produce thousands of progeny during the
course of an illness. |
|
B |
Many of the selective inhibitors of viral activity
are too toxic for the human host. |
|
C |
Viruses require intact cells to replicate. |
|
D |
The cost of producing medications tends to be less
than the cost of the research to develop them. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 58
p. In
the prevention of influenza, drugs such as oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir
(Relenza) have proven:
|
a. |
Effective only if taken before the appearance of
symptoms |
|
b. |
Not effective unless taken in high doses |
|
c. |
Not effective in prophylaxis |
|
d. |
Only effective in the geriatric population |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Only flu vaccine has any effectiveness in preventing infection
with the influenza virus. |
|
B |
Only flu vaccine has any effectiveness in preventing
infection with the influenza virus. |
|
C |
No evidence has been shown of the effectiveness of
these drugs in preventing infection with the influenza virus. |
|
D |
Only flu vaccine has any effectiveness in preventing
infection with the influenza virus. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
58
q. The
patient reports that he has been diagnosed with hepatitis B and asks the nurse
what kind of medicine he will take to cure it. The nurse discusses with him
that:
|
a. |
The disease is generally short lived and not treated
with antiviral agents. |
|
b. |
He will be taking ribavirin (Rebetol). |
|
c. |
He will be taking peginterferon (PEG-Intron). |
|
d. |
He will be taking interferon alfa. |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Hepatitis A is generally short lived and not treated
with antiviral agents. |
|
B |
Hepatitis C is treated with ribavirin in conjunction
with interferon. |
|
C |
Hepatitis C is treated with ribavirin in conjunction
with interferon. |
|
D |
Hepatitis B is treated with interferon alfa. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 59
r. Varicella
zoster virus is in the same family as:
|
a. |
Haemophilus influenzae |
|
b. |
Herpes simplex |
|
c. |
Helicobacter pylori |
|
d. |
Hantavirus |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
H. influenzae is not
related to the herpes family of viruses. |
|
B |
The herpes family of viruses also includes herpes
zoster. |
|
C |
H. pylori is unrelated
to the herpes family of viruses; it is associated with peptic ulcers. |
|
D |
Hantavirus is unrelated to the herpes family of
viruses; it produces a hemorrhagic illness that is spread by rodents. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
59
s. A
characteristic of herpes viruses is that they can:
|
a. |
Be eradicated with one course of antibiotic drugs. |
|
b. |
Spread only through contact with respiratory
secretions. |
|
c. |
Lie dormant in sensory neurons and later reactivate
and cause disease. |
|
d. |
Produce chronic illness that is difficult to get into
remission. |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Antibiotic drugs are not effective in treating viral
infections. |
|
B |
Herpes viruses are spread through contact with
infected tissue. |
|
C |
Both herpes simplex and herpes zoster can remain in
the body for years without evidence of their presence. |
|
D |
The nature of illness caused by herpes viruses is
recurrent and often responds well to treatment with antiviral agents. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
59
t. The
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an example of which of the following?
|
a. |
Filovirus |
|
b. |
Rhabdovirus |
|
c. |
Dengue virus |
|
d. |
Retrovirus |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Filoviruses produce Ebola fever. |
|
B |
Rhabdoviruses produce rabies. |
|
C |
A virus carried by mosquitoes causes dengue fever. |
|
D |
A retrovirus converts genetic information “backward”
from RNA to DNA. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 59
u. Viral
load is a measurement of:
|
a. |
The aggregate weight of virus in the body |
|
b. |
The number of viral copies per microliter |
|
c. |
Population of lymphocytes in the blood |
|
d. |
Amount of virus the body can tolerate without disease |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
It is not possible to weigh all viruses that might be
present in the body. |
|
B |
This is directly measured at the HIV RNA level and
serves as a marker for treatment effectiveness. |
|
C |
This is the CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) count. |
|
D |
The presence of HIV in the body indicates a disease
process, although symptoms might not be obvious. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
60
v. The
CD4 antigen is found largely on what kind of cells?
|
a. |
Lymphocytes |
|
b. |
Eosinophils |
|
c. |
Basophils |
|
d. |
Monocytes |
ANS: A
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The CD4 cell count is specific to the lymphocytes
called helper T cells (T4 cells). |
|
B |
Eosinophils are prominent at the site of allergic
reactions. |
|
C |
Basophils are responsible for the symptoms of
allergy. |
|
D |
Monocytes provide immunologic defenses by ingesting
dead or damaged cells. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
60
w. A
patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reports that her CD4
count is 300. The nurse prepares to instruct her about:
|
a. |
Waiting until her count rises to begin treatment |
|
b. |
Taking interferon injections to decrease her cell
count |
|
c. |
Beginning antiviral drug treatment immediately |
|
d. |
Waiting until her count drops below 200 to begin
treatment |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The cell count is unlikely to rise unless treatment
is begun. |
|
B |
Interferon will not affect her CD4 count. |
|
C |
Treatment is recommended to begin when the CD4 count
drops below 350. |
|
D |
Treatment is recommended to begin when the CD4 count
drops below 350. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 60
x. The
patient taking didanosine (Videx) should have what type of frequent
examinations?
|
a. |
Mental status examination |
|
b. |
Eye examination |
|
c. |
Liver function tests |
|
d. |
Pulmonary assessment |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Changes in mental status would more likely be the
result of the disease process. |
|
B |
Didanosine can cause optic neuritis or retinal
changes. |
|
C |
Didanosine does not have adverse hepatic effects. |
|
D |
Changes in pulmonary function would more likely be
the result of the disease process. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 60
y. To
maintain the bioavailability of didanosine (Videx), the patient should be
instructed to avoid the use of which of the following?
|
a. |
Grapefruit juice |
|
b. |
Antihistamine agents |
|
c. |
Antacid agents |
|
d. |
Herbal medications |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Although grapefruit juice does alter the
bioavailability of some drugs, didanosine is not one of them. |
|
B |
Antihistamine agents do not interact with didanosine. |
|
C |
Antacid agents can increase the bioavailability of
the medication by altering the pH in the stomach. |
|
D |
No known interaction between herbal medications and
didanosine exists. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 60
z. What
is one of the categories of antiviral medications used in the treatment of
AIDS?
|
a. |
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase accelerators |
|
b. |
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase accelerators |
|
c. |
Protease inhibitors |
|
d. |
Fusion accelerators |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
The goal of pharmacologic treatment is to inhibit
growth, not accelerate it. |
|
B |
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are drugs
that exert antiviral activity by intracellular conversion of the drug to a
triphosphate metabolite. |
|
C |
Protease inhibitors are used to treat patients with
AIDS. |
|
D |
The goal of pharmacologic treatment is to inhibit
growth, not accelerate it. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
61
aa. Instructions
for a patient who is about to begin treatment with saquinavir (Invirase) should
include caution about:
|
a. |
Use of antacid agents |
|
b. |
Taking with meals |
|
c. |
Avoiding dairy products |
|
d. |
Increased blood glucose levels |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Antacid agents are not contraindicated with use of
this medication. |
|
B |
The medication should be taken 2 hours after meals to
increase absorption. |
|
C |
Dairy products are not contraindicated for use with
this drug. |
|
D |
This drug does not increase blood glucose levels. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 61
bb. When
available combination antiviral regimens are no longer effective in a patient
with AIDS, which of these treatments might be used instead?
|
a. |
Bone marrow transplant |
|
b. |
Fusion inhibitors |
|
c. |
Radiation therapy |
|
d. |
Herbal medications |
ANS: B
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Bone marrow transplants are not effective in treating
AIDS. |
|
B |
A fusion inhibitor may be used if other treatment
alternatives have failed. |
|
C |
Radiation therapy is not effective in treating AIDS. |
|
D |
Herbal medications are not effective in treating
AIDS. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
61
cc. The
spread of worms and other parasites has been common in which environment?
|
a. |
Swimming pools |
|
b. |
Playgrounds |
|
c. |
Day care centers |
|
d. |
Elementary schools |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Because of the presence of swimming suits and
chemical treatments in the water, swimming pools are not common sites for the
spread of parasites like worms. |
|
B |
Because most children on a playground are clothed and
not eating or drinking, playgrounds are not a common site for spread of
parasites like worms. |
|
C |
In day care centers in which the person who changes
diapers is also a food handler, the spread of worms and other parasites is
common. |
|
D |
Children old enough to be in school are less likely
to spread parasites, like worms, than younger children. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
62
dd. A
mother reports to the nurse that her two grade-school-age children are complaining
of itching on their scalps, and she has found “little silver things” in their
hair. The nurse will assess for presence of which of the following?
|
a. |
Measles |
|
b. |
Eczema |
|
c. |
Lice |
|
d. |
Psoriasis |
ANS: C
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Measles do not commonly occur on the scalp, and no
such objects are seen. |
|
B |
Eczema does not commonly occur on the scalp, and no
such objects are seen. |
|
C |
Lice may be detected by the presence of nits, the
small eggs attached to the hair shaft. |
|
D |
Psoriasis may occur on the scalp, but no such objects
are seen. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 62
ee. Because
of the development of more effective agents, sulfonamide agents are not as
widely used as they were in the past. Conditions for which they are still
prescribed include:
|
a. |
Some instances of malaria and urinary tract
infections |
|
b. |
Upper respiratory infections and cold sores |
|
c. |
Gastrointestinal infections and scabies |
|
d. |
Diabetic retinopathy and shingles |
ANS: A
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Sulfonamide agents may be prescribed for adjunctive
therapy in treatment of malaria and in urinary tract infections caused by
organisms that are sensitive to the drug. |
|
B |
Sulfonamide agents are not prescribed for the
treatment of these conditions. |
|
C |
Sulfonamide agents are not prescribed for the
treatment of these conditions. |
|
D |
Sulfonamide agents are not prescribed for the
treatment of these conditions. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Remember REF: Page
56
ff. To
minimize the risk of toxicity from sulfonamide medications, the patient is
instructed to:
|
a. |
Avoid concomitant use of antacid agents. |
|
b. |
Get at least 1 hour of sunlight every day. |
|
c. |
Remain upright for 1 hour after taking the pills. |
|
d. |
Keep the urine dilute by maintaining a high-volume intake
of fluids. |
ANS: D
|
|
Feedback |
|
A |
Antacid agents are not contraindicated with the use
of sulfonamide medications. |
|
B |
Sunlight is not significant in the metabolism of
sulfonamide medications. |
|
C |
Sulfonamide medications do not have a high risk of
causing reflux or irritation to the upper gastrointestinal tract. |
|
D |
Sulfonamide agents tend to crystallize in the urine
and can cause severe renal problems. |
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Understand REF: Page 56
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