Introduction To Medical Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition by Linton – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03: Legal and Ethical Considerations
Linton: Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A
good friend of a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) confides that
she is in a serious romantic relationship with a man the LPN/LVN had as a
patient when he was diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The
policies of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
prevent the nurse from warning her friend. What is this situation considered?
|
a. |
Moral dilemma |
|
b. |
Moral uncertainty |
|
c. |
Moral distress |
|
d. |
Moral outrage |
ANS: C
Moral distress occurs when a nurse feels powerless because moral
beliefs cannot be honored because of institutional or other barriers.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
32
OBJ: 1
TOP: Moral Distress
KEY:
Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
2. A
nurse reminds a resident in a long-term care facility that he has autonomy in
many aspects of his institutionalization. What is an example of autonomy?
|
a. |
Selection of medication
times |
|
b. |
Availability of his own
small electrical appliances |
|
c. |
Smoking in the privacy of
his own room |
|
d. |
Application of advance
directives |
ANS: D
The application of advance directives is an autonomous decision.
Agency protocols relative to medication times, access to private electrical
devices, and smoking are rarely waived; these policies are not in the control
of the resident.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
32
OBJ: 2
TOP: Autonomy
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
3. How
might an LPN/LVN exhibit beneficence?
|
a. |
Remove defective equipment
from the patient’s room. |
|
b. |
Willingly work extra shifts
during a staff shortage. |
|
c. |
Adhere to agency policy. |
|
d. |
Join the National
Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service (NAPNES) and attend
educational seminars. |
ANS: A
Beneficence means promoting good and reducing harm. Removing
defective equipment demonstrates that the LPN/LVN is reducing possible harm to
the patient. Working extra shifts, adhering to policy, and joining NAPNES are
personal values, not beneficence.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
32
OBJ: 2
TOP: Beneficence KEY: Nursing
Process Step:
N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
4. An
LPN/LVN is educating a group of nursing students regarding values demonstrated
in their nursing practice. Where will the LPN/LVN indicate the base of these
values is derived?
|
a. |
Nursing school education |
|
b. |
Family influence |
|
c. |
Peer relationships |
|
d. |
Agency policies |
ANS: B
The family shapes values that are demonstrated in later life. These
values may be enhanced or challenged by life experiences, but the base is
forged in the family.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
32
OBJ: 3
TOP:
Values
KEY: Nursing Process Step:
N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. One
obstetric nurse remarks, “I don’t see how these young single women can keep on
having babies without being married. Everyone knows a child needs a father.”
What is this nurse exhibiting?
|
a. |
Ethnocentrism |
|
b. |
Moral uncertainty |
|
c. |
Values clarification |
|
d. |
Professional concern |
ANS: A
Ethnocentricity is the belief that one’s own culture and values
are superior to those of another. Such statements are based on values
clarification and, perhaps, on moral outrage.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
33
OBJ: 5
TOP: Ethnocentrism/Values
Clarification
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
6. A
nursing student asks the instructor to define the philosophic stand of
utilitarianism. What example should the instructor provide?
|
a. |
An army officer sacrifices
six paratroopers to save 100 prisoners of war. |
|
b. |
A priest burns down his
church because it was defiled by Satanists. |
|
c. |
A mother jumps off a cliff
with her baby to avoid being captured by Indians. |
|
d. |
A soldier murders captured
enemies to prevent their divulging military secrets. |
ANS: A
The sacrifice of six to save 100 is an example of the greater
good. The other options are based on the philosophy of deontology.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
33
OBJ: 6
TOP:
Utilitarianism
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
7. An
LPN/LVN explains to a patient that the hospital has an institutional ethics
committee. What is the main function of this committee?
|
a. |
Preside over policy
implementation. |
|
b. |
Revoke the license of
someone who violates the law. |
|
c. |
Solve personnel disputes. |
|
d. |
Ensure that hiring adheres
to ethnic equality. |
ANS: A
The main job of the institutional ethics committee is to preside
over the implementation of agency policy.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
34
OBJ: 8
TOP: Institutional Ethics Committee
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
8. An
LPN/LVN charts that “the patient is drunk and acting in a crazy manner.” The
team leader cautions the LPN/LVN that this documentation is not appropriate.
What charges of commission of the intentional tort is this an example of?
|
a. |
Assault |
|
b. |
Wrongful publication |
|
c. |
Defamation of character |
|
d. |
Invasion of privacy |
ANS: C
Charting or saying unsupported defamatory statements can lead to
tort litigation.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
38
OBJ: 2
TOP:
Torts
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
9. When
an LPN/LVN assists an older woman to stand after a fall in a shopping mall
parking lot, the woman twists and sprains her ankle. What protects the LPN/LVN
from litigation or an unintentional tort?
|
a. |
Hospital malpractice
insurance |
|
b. |
Good faith agreement |
|
c. |
Good Samaritan law |
|
d. |
Personal professional
insurance |
ANS: C
The Good Samaritan law protects individuals who assist at an
accident scene if they act in good faith. Professional insurance is not in
effect because the actions were not performed while the LPN/LVN was on duty.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
39
OBJ: 2
TOP:
Torts
KEY: Nursing Process Step:
N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
10. An
LPN/LVN trimmed the toenails of a patient with diabetes too short, which
results in a toe amputation from infections. What is the LPN/LVN guilty of?
|
a. |
Unintentional tort |
|
b. |
Intentional tort |
|
c. |
Negligence |
|
d. |
Malpractice |
ANS: D
Malpractice occurs when an unintentional tort causes an injury
to a patient.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
39
OBJ: 2
TOP: Malpractice KEY:
Nursing Process Step:
N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
11. What
must an LPN/LVN acquiring a signature on a surgical informed consent document
ensure?
|
a. |
The patient is not sedated. |
|
b. |
The physician is present. |
|
c. |
The family member is a
witness. |
|
d. |
The signature is in ink. |
ANS: A
Before surgery, the consent form must be signed before any
preoperative sedation is administered. A sedated person cannot give a valid
consent.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
40
OBJ: 9
TOP: Informed
Consent
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
12. A
physician has written an order for Synthroid, 137 mg. The LPN/LVN is aware that
the drug is measured in micrograms. What action should the nurse implement?
|
a. |
Transcribe the order as if
it were written in micrograms. |
|
b. |
Notify the nursing
supervisor. |
|
c. |
Transcribe the order as
written. |
|
d. |
Call the prescribing
physician. |
ANS: D
The LPN/LVN may call the physician to clarify the order but may
not alter the written order in any way. The order for the correct dose will be
written as a new order.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
40
OBJ: 12
TOP: Doctor’s
Orders
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
13. A
physician has written an order for morphine sulfate, 100 mg. The LPN/LVN
inquires if he meant to write 10 mg. The physician confirms that he meant 100
mg. What action should the LPN/LVN implement?
|
a. |
Call a member of the hospital
administration. |
|
b. |
Refuse to transcribe the
order. |
|
c. |
Call the pharmacist. |
|
d. |
Notify the nursing
supervisor. |
ANS: D
In the event of a physician’s refusal to clarify a questionable
order, the LPN/LVN should notify the nursing supervisor to intervene.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
40
OBJ: 12
TOP: Doctor’s
Orders
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
14. On
what are health care ethics based? (Select
all that apply.)
|
a. |
Autonomy |
|
b. |
Fidelity |
|
c. |
Professionalism |
|
d. |
Justice |
|
e. |
Nonmaleficence |
ANS: A, B, D, E
Health care ethics are based on autonomy, fidelity, beneficence,
justice, and nonmaleficence
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Knowledge
REF: p.
32
OBJ: 2
TOP: Health Care
Ethics
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
15. How
does values clarification support nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)
|
a. |
Guides decision making |
|
b. |
Gives insight to patients |
|
c. |
Enhances peer relationships |
|
d. |
Helps understand him or
herself |
|
e. |
Gains the confidence of
supervisors |
ANS: A, B, D
Values clarification gives a person a foundation for moral
decisions and insight into self and others.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
33
OBJ: 4
TOP: Values Clarification
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
16. An
LPN/LVN arrives on duty at 0700 and is faced with the ethical dilemma of
inadequate staffing for the day shift. How should the LPN/LVN invoke a “safe
harbor”? (Select all
that apply.)
|
a. |
Immediately file a written
protest with administration. |
|
b. |
Leave duty. |
|
c. |
Refuse the assignment. |
|
d. |
Call hospital
administration. |
|
e. |
Suggest that the nursing
assistants (NAs) file a written protest. |
ANS: A, E
Filing a written protest relative to short staffing provides the
“safe harbor” for the LPN/LVN and protects his or her license. Nonacceptance of
the assignment or leaving duty is considered abandonment. Suggesting that the
NA file a similar protest is an effective action.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
40
OBJ: N/A
TOP: Inadequate
Staffing
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
COMPLETION
17. The
values that direct human behavior and are concerned with defining right from
wrong are known as _____.
ANS:
ethics
An individual’s ability to define right from wrong is based on a
value system called ethics.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Knowledge
REF: p.
31
OBJ: 1
TOP: Ethics
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity
OTHER
18. Prioritize
the steps in solving an ethical dilemma. (Separate the letters with a comma and space: A, B, C,
D.)
19. Evaluate
the outcome.
20. Plan
an approach.
21. Visualize
the consequences.
22. Take
action.
23. Identify
the problem.
ANS:
E, B, C, D, A
To solve an ethical dilemma, one must clearly identify the
problem, plan an approach, visualize the consequences, take action, and
evaluate the outcome.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
34
OBJ: 7
TOP: Solving an Ethical
Dilemma KEY:
Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
Chapter 04: The Leadership Role of the Licensed Practical Nurse
Linton: Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A
licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN), as a regular staff member, knows
all the patients and anticipates many of their needs. Other staff members are
comfortable asking for advice. The advice is given freely with a clear
explanation or demonstration or both. In what role is this nurse acting?
|
a. |
Self-appointed teacher |
|
b. |
Management-assigned
instructor |
|
c. |
Informal leader |
|
d. |
Designated supervisor |
ANS: C
Informal leaders are not appointed but are recognized by their
peers as knowledgeable and skillful.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
45
OBJ: 2
TOP: Informal
Leadership
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
2. A
case conference is called to plan for a patient who has caused stress in the
staff with constant calls and trivial requests. The nurse leader expresses
personal views when leading the discussion about approaches to the problem and
then makes the decision for care based on the discussion. What type of
leadership style does this exemplify?
|
a. |
Autocratic |
|
b. |
Democratic |
|
c. |
Laissez-faire |
|
d. |
Participative |
ANS: D
Participative leadership encourages group involvement and
suggestion, but the decision is made by the leader.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
46-47 OBJ: 2
TOP: Leadership
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
3. From
what source does an LPN/LVN receive authority to delegate care to unlicensed
personnel?
|
a. |
Physician or registered
nurse (RN) who hired them |
|
b. |
National Nurse Practice Act |
|
c. |
1994 Entry Level Competencies
Report |
|
d. |
Nurse practice act of the
individual state |
ANS: D
Delegation of responsibilities must be in accordance with the
state’s nurse practice act.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
52-53 OBJ: 7
TOP: Delegation by
LPN/LVN
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
4. When
staff members complain about being pulled to other areas to work without prior
notice, the leader agrees with their request to develop a more effective system
and does so with assistance and input from the entire staff. Which leadership
theory does this exemplify?
|
a. |
X |
|
b. |
Y |
|
c. |
Z |
|
d. |
T |
ANS: C
Theory Z involves all workers in every phase of the operation.
Theory X assumes that all workers desire direction. Theory Y assumes that all
work gives satisfaction.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
48
OBJ: 2
TOP: Leadership
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
5. An
LPN/LVN in charge of two units on the evening shift notices that two of the
nursing assistants (NAs) are constantly bickering. This appears to be interfering
with patient care time. Both units are extremely busy with care needs. Which
solution best reflects the process of accommodation?
|
a. |
Their issues are trivial
and do not affect patient care actions. No time is presently available for
extended discussions. Send one of the NAs to another area and allow time for
both to defuse. Good patient care in an expedient manner is the priority at
this time. |
|
b. |
Call the supervisor to send
the arguing dissenters home. |
|
c. |
Call the dissenters into
the office. Listen to their concerns and make a decision about the resolution
of their trivial matters. |
|
d. |
Allow the NAs to leave the
building and settle their differences before they come back. Make no notation
of their absence on their timesheets or in the report. |
ANS: A
Patient care is the main priority. The leader cannot lose two
caregivers but may separate them so they can provide needed patient care,
accommodating both NAs by separating them.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
51
OBJ: 4
TOP: Conflict Resolution
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
6. A
team leader is preparing to type the evening shift report. Which comment should
be included in the report?
|
a. |
Patient A complained of a
headache until his wife arrived to visit. She was 20 minutes late because of
unavoidable traffic. |
|
b. |
Patient B ate everything on
her dinner tray—roast beef, mashed potatoes, and green beans—and the dessert,
too, which is her usual pattern. |
|
c. |
Patient C was so restless
that the dressing on her sacrum came off and had to be replaced. No change
occurred in the assessment of the decubitus. |
|
d. |
Patient D had her usual
visitors. She is sleeping after her regular evening medications, which were
given as ordered at 2000. |
ANS: C
The shift report should contain only clear, concise, and
thorough information without extra useless comments.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application
REF: p. 53-54
OBJ: 7
TOP: Shift Report KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
7. A
director of nursing in a long-term care facility appoints an LPN/LVN to be
project head to coordinate a review of end-of-shift reporting times and to
develop a new, more timely format for the entire agency to use. What is the
role of the LPN/LVN?
|
a. |
Goal-setting organizer |
|
b. |
Organizing leader |
|
c. |
Assigned manager |
|
d. |
Manager-leader |
ANS: C
The LPN/LVN has been appointed to manage the implementation of a
goal set by the leader.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
52-53 OBJ: 7
TOP: Management versus
Leadership KEY: Nursing Process Step:
Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
8. A
head nurse puts a blank copy of the shift duty schedule on the table in the
break room. The staff is permitted to fill in the shifts that they want to work
during the next cycle. What leadership style does this reflect?
|
a. |
Autocratic |
|
b. |
Democratic |
|
c. |
Laissez-faire |
|
d. |
Participative |
ANS: B
Democratic leadership focuses on the individual abilities and
problem-solving skills of group members to avoid power struggles. Decisions are
made through group consensus.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
46-47 OBJ: 2
TOP: Leadership
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity
9. A
team leader is making out the patient care assignment. A new patient needs
several extensive dressing changes for open diabetic wounds, a nasogastric (NG)
tube feeding, and irrigation of the Foley catheter as needed. Which member of
the care team is best suited for this assignment?
|
a. |
Nurse aide A, who has had
10 years’ experience working at this facility, especially because this room
is on the hall area where this NA is usually assigned |
|
b. |
Nurse aide B, who has just
been employed but has recently been through the state nurse aide certificate
program and needs the experience of these treatment modalities |
|
c. |
Nurse aide C, who is always
asking for something new to try out and who is attending LPN/LVN school in
off-duty hours |
|
d. |
LPN/LVN C because these
treatments are covered under the LPN/LVN state practice act |
ANS: D
Invasive procedures may not be carried out by unlicensed
personnel.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Analysis
REF: p. 52-53
OBJ: 5
TOP: Delegation of Nursing
Care
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
10. The
role of the LPN/LVN as a team leader has been developed to broaden and improve
patient care. Which statement best reflects this role implementation?
|
a. |
As LPN/LVN team leaders,
these nurses are totally and only personally responsible, under the terms of
licensure, for personal care actions and the nursing actions of the others
assigned on their units and shifts. |
|
b. |
As an LPN/LVN team leader,
this nurse, under the supervision and guidance of an RN, is responsible for
all aspects of patient care that is assigned to this team. |
|
c. |
As an LPN/LVN team leader,
this nurse uses skills and judgments learned in school to guide and direct
the team members in what the nurse believes is correct patient care. The
LPN/LVN is accountable only to patients for the care provided. |
|
d. |
The team leader LPN/LVN
decides on patient care assignments, takes care to promote accident prevention
and safety, and is accountable only to self-professionalism for the nursing
actions of the team. |
ANS: B
The LPN/LVN practices under the supervision of an RN but is
responsible for her or his own performance and of that of the team’s.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Analysis
REF: p.
52
OBJ: 7
TOP: LPN/LVN as Team
Leader
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
11. A
team leader nurse is attending college classes for a degree after work and
spends much of the day reading and writing. As a result, the staff is given few
directions. They make their own patient assignments and time schedules and
solve problems among themselves. Significant confusion is evident on the unit.
What leadership style is being practiced?
|
a. |
Autocratic |
|
b. |
Democratic |
|
c. |
Laissez-faire |
|
d. |
Participative |
ANS: C
The laissez-faire leader gives no direction to the activities of
the staff, allowing them to do what they want.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
46-47 OBJ: 2
TOP: Leadership
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment
12. On
the way to the biohazard disposal closet to dispose intravenous (IV) tubing and
a bag used on a patient who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus, the
LPN/LVN drops the IV tubing and bag on the floor, causing a spill. What is the
team leader’s most appropriate action?
|
a. |
Quickly pick up the dropped
supplies and dispose of them in the biohazard bag in the biohazard room. Ask
housekeeping to place a small barricade over the spill until it can be mopped
up later. |
|
b. |
Find the floor maintenance
person to pick up and dispose of the used equipment and to mop the floor,
reminding him or her to wash his or her hands with soap and water. Chart that
the IV was infused and discontinued appropriately. |
|
c. |
Call and report to
designated personnel to come and cordon off the area from staff and patients;
have the spill cleaned with approved infection and chemotherapy spill control
procedures. |
|
d. |
Chart the spill in the
patient’s chart, inform the RN when convenient, and have housekeeping mop up
the spill. |
ANS: C
Blood and chemotherapeutic agents are biohazards. Each facility
has a policy regarding safety issues, which includes immediate reporting to the
designated personnel.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Application
REF: p.
53
OBJ: 7
TOP: Safety Issues
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated
Care
13. The
process of management for the nurse leader consists of the application of steps
similar to those of the nursing process. Which scenario contains all the steps
of the management process?
|
a. |
At the end of the shift
report, the team leader tells the staff that charting will be reviewed,
medication Kardex checked, and patient rounds made an hour early today to obtain
a more detailed patient profile of care provided during that shift. |
|
b. |
The team leader has been
unavoidably late, has missed most of the shift report, and grabs the staffing
roster to make out patient assignments. The assignments are scheduled by alphabetical
order by the geographic areas of the unit. No incidents appear to have
occurred on the unit during the shift. |
|
c. |
The nurse is perpetually
late for duty and frequently leaves before the end of the shift report,
asking others to help in completing the patient assignment. The team leader
ignores this as long as patient care is completed. |
|
d. |
The staff member is noted
to leave some patients in strange positions on several occasions. On rounds,
the team leader notices this and correctly repositions the patients. The team
leader thinks that the staff could probably use some in-service training on
proper positioning; however, she decides that no time is available to
schedule this training. |
ANS: A
Planning, organizing, and directing must be done for the
provision of effective nursing care to meet standards. Evaluation or
controlling is the process that checks delivered care for effectiveness.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Analysis
REF: p.
48
OBJ: 4
TOP: Functions of
Management
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Management: Coordinated
Care
14. Which
leadership style allows leadership flow among members of the team according to
the task at hand?
|
a. |
Democratic |
|
b. |
Laissez-faire |
|
c. |
Multicratic |
|
d. |
Transformational |
ANS: D
The transformational style allows leadership to flow among the
members of the team, based on the task at hand. Such style indicates a
well-functioning team.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
REF: p.
47
OBJ: 2
TOP: Leadership
Styles
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
15. Leadership
is different from management. Which definition best describes this difference?
|
a. |
The leadership function
comes after the manager decides on it. |
|
b. |
Management refers to
providing the means to inspire people. |
|
c. |
A leader selects the role,
and a manager is appointed. |
|
d. |
A manager selects goals and
the means to achieve them. |
ANS: C
As defined in the text, whereas leaders inspire people to strive
to accomplish particular goals, management provides the means to achieve these
goals.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Comprehension REF: p.
45
OBJ: 1
TOP: Leadership versus Management
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
16. A
newly admitted 35-year-old patient rings the call bell. By the time the nurse
arrives, he is found unconscious and barely breathing. The charge nurse calls
for a “code blue” and directs the staff on what to do without discussion. One
staff member calls the physician, and some go to other rooms to comfort
patients. What type of leadership style is exemplified?
|
a. |
Autocratic |
|
b. |
Democratic |
|
c. |
Laissez-faire |
|
d. |
Participative |
ANS: A
During an emergency such as a “code blue,” the person in charge
correctly assumes an autocratic leadership role because no time is available
for a discussion of choices in activities.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Analysis
REF: p. 46
OBJ: 2
TOP: Characteristics of an Effective Leader
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Management: Coordinated
Care
17. What
characteristic is necessary in both leaders and managers?
|
a. |
Motivational skills |
|
b. |
Sympathy skills |
|
c. |
Authoritarian style |
|
d. |
Participative style |
ANS: A
Although leaders and managers use different styles and
responsibilities, they both must have motivational skills.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
REF: p.
45
OBJ: 1
TOP: Similarities in Leaders and
Managers
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
18. The
recognition and use of the LPN/LVN began because of RN shortages and a reevaluation
of LPN/LVNs as team leaders. What is the approximate year of this change in
staffing?
|
a. |
1940s |
|
b. |
1950s |
|
c. |
1960s |
|
d. |
1970s |
ANS: B
Team nursing with LPN/LVN leadership was introduced in the 1950s
as a result of a shortage of RNs and an abundance of auxiliary nursing
personnel, whose skills and leadership potential were reevaluated.
DIF: Cognitive Level:
Knowledge
REF: p.
52
OBJ: 7
TOP: Team
Nursing
KEY:
Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment
19. What
type of leadership is opposite of laissez-faire leadership?
|
a. |
Authoritarian |
|
b. |
Bureaucratic |
|
c. |
Democratic |
|
d. |
Participative |
ANS: A
Laissez-faire leadership is a hands-off style; authoritarian
leadership is a very directive and controlling style.
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