Introduction To The Human Body, 9th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Package Title: Testbank
Course Title: IHB9e
Chapter Number: 3
Question type: Multiple Choice
1) The plasma membrane consists of
1. a)
cellulose and carbohydrates.
2. b)
mostly proteins.
3. c)
only phospholipids.
4. d)
phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
5. e)
only carbohydrates and lipids.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.2 Describe the structure and
functions of the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Plasma Membrane.
2) The cytoplasm is a term that refers to
1. a)
all cell organelles combined.
2. b)
microtubules and microfilaments only.
3. c)
the fluid portion of the cell.
4. d)
the cytosol plus cell organelles.
5. e) the
communication center of the cell.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.1 Name and describe the three main
parts of a cell.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.1 A Generalized View of the Cell.
3) Which of the following statements are TRUE for the plasma
membrane?
1. a) It
is selectively permeable.
2. b) It
contains glycoproteins.
3. c) It
contains cholesterol.
4. d) It
is selectively permeable and contains glycoproteins.
5. e) It
is selectively permeable and contains glycoproteins and cholesterol.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.2 Describe the structure and
functions of the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Plasma Membrane.
4) The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is permeable to all
of the following substances EXCEPT
1. a)
amino acids.
2. b)
fat-soluble vitamins.
3. c)
steroids.
4. d)
oxygen.
5. e)
water.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.2 Describe the structure and
functions of the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.2 The Plasma Membrane.
5) Endocytosis is an example of
1. a)
excretion.
2. b)
passive transport.
3. c)
active transport.
4. d)
facilitated diffusion.
5. e)
simple diffusion.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
6) Which of the following is necessary for simple diffusion to
take place?
1. a) a
concentration gradient
2. b) a
selectively permeable membrane
3. c) a
hypertonic solution
4. d)
cellular energy
5. e)
All of these answer choices are correct.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
7) A normal red blood cell that is placed into a hypotonic
solution will
1. a)
lose water.
2. b)
gain water.
3. c)
neither gain nor lose water.
4. d)
become crenated.
5. e)
not change shape.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
8) Which of the following solutions are isotonic for normal
human red blood cells?
1. a) 10
% NaCl solution
2. b) 2%
NaCl solution
3. c)
0.9% NaCl solution
4. d)
pure water
5. e)
0.9% glucose solution
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport
substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
9) Pinocytosis and phagocytosis involve structural changes in
the
1. a)
cytosol.
2. b)
plasma membrane.
3. c)
ribosomes.
4. d)
mitochondria.
5. e)
cell nucleus.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
10) The movement of solute molecules across a plasma membrane
from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute
concentration requires
1. a)
cellular energy.
2. b)
facilitated diffusion.
3. c)
integral proteins.
4. d)
cellular energy and facilitated diffusion.
5. e) cellular
energy and integral proteins.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
11) Certain white blood cells can destroy bacteria using the
process of
1. a)
pinocytosis.
2. b)
phagocytosis.
3. c)
exocytosis.
4. d)
transcytosis.
5. e)
None of these answer choices are correct.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
12) Which of the following statements BEST describes essential
characteristic(s) of active transport?
1. a)
Moves solutes down their concentration gradient.
2. b)
Requires a carrier protein or pump.
3. c)
Requires cellular energy.
4. d)
Requires osmotic pressure gradient.
5. e)
Requires both a pump and cellular energy.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
13) Chromatin is found in the
1. a)
nucleus.
2. b)
nuclear pores.
3. c)
ribosomes.
4. d) mitochondria.
5. e)
lysosomes.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.5 Describe the structure and
functions of the nucleus.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Nucleus.
14) Which of following organelles is primarily involved in the
modification (e.g. glycosylation), sorting, and packaging of proteins?
1. a)
endoplasmic reticulum
2. b)
Golgi complex
3. c)
mitochondria
4. d)
lysosomes
5. e)
nucleus
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
15) Which of the following organelles is the site of synthesis
of steroid hormones like estrogens and testosterone?
1. a)
Golgi complex
2. b)
ribosomes
3. c)
rough endoplasmic reticulum
4. d)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
5. e)
mitochondria
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
16) The organelle that contains as many as 60 different
digestive enzymes is called the
1. a)
Golgi complex.
2. b)
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
3. c)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
4. d)
lysosome.
5. e)
mitochondrion.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
17) The synthesis of plasma membrane proteins occurs in
ribosomes attached to the outer surface of the
1. a)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
2. b)
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
3. c)
mitochondria.
4. d)
Golgi complexes.
5. e)
lysosomes.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
18) Which of the following organelles are commonly referred to
as the “powerhouses” of a cell?
1. a)
lysosomes
2. b)
ribosomes
3. c)
nucleoli
4. d)
mitochondria
5. e)
peroxisomes
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
19) Which of the following intracellular structures is
considered to be part of the cytoskeleton?
1. a)
cytosol
2. b) mitochondria
3. c)
microtubules
4. d)
centromere
5. e)
flagella
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
20) An organelle located near the nucleus that consists of two
cylindrical structures composed of clusters of microtubules is called the
1. a)
nucleolus.
2. b)
centrosome.
3. c)
flagellum.
4. d)
microtubule.
5. e)
cilium.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
21) Which of the following organelles in liver cells contains
enzymes that help to detoxify drugs and potentially harmful substances in the
blood?
1. a)
nucleus
2. b)
lysosomes
3. c)
rough ER
4. d)
smooth ER
5. e)
vacuoles
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
22) The process by which worn-out cellular organelles are
digested is called
1. a)
autolysis.
2. b)
autoregulation.
3. c)
autophagy.
4. d)
lysis.
5. e)
phagocytosis.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and functions
of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
23) The human somatic cells contain ___ chromosomes.
1. a) 46
2. b) 23
3. c) 43
4. d) 24
5. e) 54
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.5 Describe the structure and
functions of the nucleus.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.5 Nucleus.
24) Which of the following is a component of RNA only?
1. a)
adenine
2. b)
cytosine
3. c)
guanine
4. d)
thymine
5. e)
uracil
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
25) The anticodon is located on the
1. a)
mRNA.
2. b)
rRNA.
3. c)
tRNA.
4. d)
DNA.
5. e)
ribosome.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
26) The protein synthesis process called translation requires
1. a) a
nucleus.
2. b) a
nucleolus.
3. c) a
smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
4. d)
ribosomes.
5. e)
proteasomes.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
27) Amino acids that participate in protein synthesis are picked
up in the cytosol by
1. a)
mRNA.
2. b)
rRNA.
3. c)
tRNA.
4. d)
ribosomes.
5. e)
ATP.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
28) A CGT base triplet within a gene on DNA is transcribed into
mRNA as
1. a)
CAT.
2. b)
GCA.
3. c)
GCU.
4. d)
ACU.
5. e)
TGC.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
29) When translation of a particular protein is complete,
termination of protein synthesis is indicated by the presence of a(n)
1. a)
promoter.
2. b)
amino acid.
3. c)
stop codon.
4. d)
start codon.
5. e)
carrier protein.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
30) All of the following are nucleotide bases commonly found in
DNA molecules EXCEPT
1. a)
adenine.
2. b)
cytosine.
3. c)
guanine.
4. d)
thymine.
5. e)
uracil.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
31) The characteristics of each individual protein are based on
their sequence of
1. a)
fatty acids.
2. b)
amino acids.
3. c)
molecules.
4. d)
monosaccharides.
5. e)
glycerides.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.6 Outline the sequence of events
involved in protein synthesis.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.6 Gene Action: Protein Synthesis.
32) The type of cell division that produces two identical cells
is called
1. a)
somatic cell division.
2. b)
meiosis I.
3. c)
meiosis II.
4. d)
cytokinesis.
5. e)
reproductive cell division.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
33) During somatic cell division, the process in which the
cytoplasm and its organelles are divided is referred to as
1. a)
meiosis.
2. b) the
cell cycle.
3. c)
reproductive cell division.
4. d)
mitosis.
5. e)
cytokinesis.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
34) In somatic cell division, the phase in which the DNA is
replicated is called
1. a)
mitotic phase.
2. b)
prophase.
3. c)
anaphase.
4. d)
interphase.
5. e)
cytokinesis.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
35) The football-shaped assembly of microtubules that is used to
move chromosomes to opposite poles of a dividing cell is called the
1. a)
centromere.
2. b)
chromosome.
3. c)
chromatin.
4. d)
basal body.
5. e)
mitotic spindle.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
36) Which phase of somatic cell division involves the splitting
of centromeres followed by separating the two resultant members of each
chromatid pair?
1. a)
prophase
2. b)
anaphase
3. c)
metaphase
4. d)
telophase
5. e)
cytokinesis
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
37) The final stage of mitosis in which a nuclear envelope forms
around the two new chromatin masses is called
1. a)
prophase.
2. b)
interphase.
3. c)
anaphase.
4. d)
telophase.
5. e)
metaphase.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
38) The branch of medicine dealing with medical issues of aging
is called
1. a)
pediatrics.
2. b)
obstetrics.
3. c)
oncology.
4. d)
psychology.
5. e)
geriatrics.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that
occur with aging.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.9 Aging and Cells.
39) The study of tumors is called
1. a)
pathology.
2. b)
oncology.
3. c)
epidemiology.
4. d)
pharmacology.
5. e)
histology.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.10 Describe the disorders that affect
cells.
Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.
40) The spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body is
referred to as
1. a)
hyperplasia.
2. b)
metastasis.
3. c)
malignancy.
4. d) mutation.
5. e)
hypertrophy.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.10 Describe the disorders that affect
cells.
Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.
41) A chemical agent or radiation that causes cancer is referred
to as a(n)
1. a)
oncogene.
2. b)
mutant.
3. c)
carcinogen.
4. d)
neoplasm.
5. e)
biopsy.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.10 Describe the disorders that affect
cells.
Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.
42) Which of the following is a protein that promotes the growth
of new networks of blood vessels that support tumor growth?
1. a)
tumor necrosis factor
2. b)
thromboplastin
3. c)
epidermal growth factor
4. d)
tumor angiogenesis factor
5. e)
tissue plasminogen activator
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.10 Describe the disorders that affect
cells.
Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.
43) Meiosis is the type of cell division used during the
formation of
1. a)
sperm cells.
2. b)
skin cells.
3. c)
red blood cells.
4. d)
cancer cells.
5. e)
All of these answer choices are correct.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.7 Discuss the stages, events, and
significance of somatic cell division.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.7 Somatic Cell Division.
44) Which of the following statements is always true for active
transport processes and never true for passive transport processes?
1. a)
Moves solutes from area of high concentration to area of low solute
concentration.
2. b)
Requires energy in the form of ATP.
3. c)
Uses a carrier protein.
4. d)
Results in the net diffusion of water across the membrane.
5. e)
All of the answer selections are true for active transport and not for passive
transport.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport
substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
45) The major function of the ribosomes is to
1. a)
coordinate lipid synthesis.
2. b)
synthesize proteins.
3. c)
detoxify drugs and alcohol.
4. d)
digest damaged organelles.
5. e)
form vesicles.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
46) Which of the following statements correctly describes the
events that occur when a normal red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic
solution?
1. a)
Net movement of water molecules into a cell.
2. b)
Net movement of water molecules out of a cell.
3. c) No
net movement of water molecules across the cell’s membrane.
4. d)
Decreased osmotic pressure inside cell.
5. e)
None of these answer choices are correct.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
47) Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE with regard to
the cytoplasm?
1. a)
site of many chemical reactions in the cell.
2. b)
responsible for nuclear division during mitosis.
3. c)
liquid portion is known as the cytosol.
4. d)
composed of a lattice of protein filaments called the cytoskeleton.
5. e)
contains cellular organelles like the mitochondria.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
48) The primary role that integral membrane proteins play in
active transport is to
1. a)
move solute molecules down the concentration gradient.
2. b)
control cellular metabolism.
3. c)
move water by osmosis to maintain balance in the intracellular compartment.
4. d)
produce the cellular energy needed for active transport.
5. e)
bind and transport solute molecules against the concentration gradient.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that transport
substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
49) The cellular organelle primarily responsible for transforming
the chemical energy found in nutrients into ATP is the
1. a)
ribosome.
2. b)
mitochondria.
3. c)
lysosome.
4. d)
Golgi Apparatus
5. e)
nuclear envelope
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.4 Describe the structure and
functions of cytoplasm, cytosol, and organelles.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.4 Cytoplasm.
50) Jennifer loves perfume. She visits her local discount store
regularly. Today she came to class wearing her latest purchase and soon
everyone in the entire classroom was familiar with the scent. What concept
important to transport processes is being demonstrated here?
1. a)
osmosis
2. b)
diffusion
3. c)
phagocytosis
4. d)
active transport
5. e)
wise shopping
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.3 Describe the processes that
transport substances across the plasma membrane.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.3 Transport Across the Plasma
Membrane.
51) Specific DNA sequences at the tips of chromosomes that
protect the chromosomes from erosion and sticking together are called
1. a)
telophase.
2. b)
telomeres.
3. c)
geriatrics.
4. d)
centromeres.
5. e)
telemetrics.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that
occur with aging.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.9 Aging and Cells.
52) The study of the processes and problems associated with
aging is called
1. a)
elderly psychology.
2. b)
oncology.
3. c)
gerontology.
4. d)
pathophysiology.
5. e)
geriatrics.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that
occur with aging.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.9 Aging and Cells.
53) In a mature human body, which of the following types of
cells do not divide?
1. a)
skin cells
2. b)
bone cells
3. c)
nerve cells
4. d)
hair cells
5. e)
all cells divide
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that
occur with aging.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.9 Aging and Cells.
54) An orderly, genetically programmed cell “death” involving activation
of “cell-suicide” genes is called
1. a)
anaphase.
2. b)
atrophy.
3. c)
apoptosis.
4. d)
adenopathy.
5. e)
necrosis.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.9 Describe the cellular changes that
occur with aging.
Section Reference 1: Section 3.9 Aging and Cells.
55) The multistep process by which cancer develops is referred
to as
1. a)
neoplasia.
2. b)
carcinogenesis.
3. c)
angiogenesis.
4. d)
cytokinesis.
5. e)
gamateogenesis.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 3.10 Describe the disorders that affect
cells.
Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.
56) A semipermeable membrane, which permits water movement but
not ion movement, separates two solutions. Solution A contains 0.9% NaCl and
solution B contains 9.0 % NaCl. With respect to this system, which of the
following statements would be true?
1. a)
Water would move from solution A to solution B.
2. b)
Water would move from solution B to solution A.
3. c)
Na+ would move from solution A to solution B.
4. d)
Na+ would move from solution B to solution A.
5. e) No
net movement of water or ions would occur.
Answer: a
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