Introduction to Geography People, Places & Environment 6th Edition Carl H. Dahlman – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Introduction to Geography, 6e (Dahlman/Renwick)
Chapter 3 Landforms
1) The study of landforms and the processes that create them is
called
1. A)
geomorphology.
2. B)
demography.
3. C)
cartography.
4. D)
seismography.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
2) Earth’s rocks, soils, and surface landforms together comprise
the
1. A)
lithosphere.
2. B)
biosphere.
3. C)
troposphere.
4. D)
hydrosphere.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
3) Endogenic processes
1. A)
are external.
2. B)
result from wind.
3. C) include
running water.
4. D)
create volcanoes.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
4) Exogenic processes
1. A)
are internal.
2. B)
result from earthquakes.
3. C)
include running water.
4. D)
create volcanoes.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
5) The rock in the interior of Earth’s surface that carries
slow-moving convective currents is known as the
1. A)
core.
2. B)
mantle.
3. C)
crust.
4. D) shield.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
6) Volcanoes
1. A)
are randomly distributed.
2. B)
issue sial.
3. C)
might erupt runny lava that cools to form basalt.
4. D)
are absent from the Eastern Hemisphere.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
7) Which of the following is NOT true of shield volcanoes?
1. A)
They include the Big Island of Hawaii.
2. B)
They are known for their violent, exploding eruptions of thick and gassy magma.
3. C)
They are the largest volcanoes on Earth.
4. D)
They have runny basaltic lava.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
8) The Hawaiian Islands
1. A)
are a series of shield volcanoes.
2. B)
formed from a series of violent volcanic eruptions.
3. C)
lie atop the meeting place of two major tectonic plates.
4. D)
erupt lots of ash and pyroclasts.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
9) The boundary where Earth’s plates are spreading apart is what
kind of plate boundary?
1. A)
divergent
2. B)
convergent
3. C)
transform
4. D)
vertical
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
10) What kind of rocks are formed when molten crustal material
cools and solidifies?
1. A)
metamorphic
2. B)
sedimentary
3. C)
igneous
4. D)
sima
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
11) What kind of rocks have been exposed to great heat and
pressure, altering them into more compact, crystalline rocks?
1. A)
metamorphic
2. B)
sedimentary
3. C)
igneous
4. D)
sima
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
12) Metamorphic rocks
1. A)
are formed when molten material cools and solidifies.
2. B)
are formed when rocks are subjected to great heat and pressure.
3. C)
contain abundant fossils.
4. D)
include shale.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
13) What kind of rocks result when rocks eroded from higher
elevations (mountains, hills, plains) accumulate at lower elevations (such as
swamps and ocean bottoms)?
1. A)
metamorphic
2. B)
sedimentary
3. C)
igneous
4. D)
sima
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
14) Which of the following is an example of how human actions
have changed the lithosphere?
1. A)
volcanic eruptions
2. B)
agriculture
3. C)
earthquakes
4. D)
ocean waves
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
15) Which of the following does NOT describe endogenic
processes?
1. A)
moves portions of Earth’s surface horizontally and vertically
2. B)
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and formation of mountain ranges at plate
boundaries
3. C)
shapes Earth’s surface externally
4. D)
includes the force of plate tectonics
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
16) The world’s longest mountain range is
1. A)
the Rockies/Andes Mountain system.
2. B)
the Himalayas.
3. C)
the north-south system of mountains in Eastern Africa.
4. D)
beneath the ocean.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
17) The place where Earth’s crust actually moves is the ________
of an earthquake.
1. A)
focus
2. B)
fault crust
3. C)
epicenter
4. D)
wave front
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
18) At which level on the Richter scale are the most devastating
earthquakes?
1. A)
1-2
2. B)
3-4
3. C)
5-6
4. D)
7-8
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
19) Which of the following is NOT true of magma?
1. A)
Magma is generated by the movement within Earth and between plates.
2. B)
Magma migrates toward the surface because it is less dense than the surrounding
rock.
3. C)
Magma is called lava when it reaches the surface and erupts.
4. D)
Magma forms sedimentary rocks upon cooling.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
20) In what kind of plate boundary is material from the crust
very slowly forced downward, back into the mantle?
1. A)
divergent
2. B)
convergent
3. C)
transform
4. D)
vertical
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 2. List the different kinds of plate
boundaries
21) Near a convergent plate boundary, rocks fracture because
they are compressed; such fractures are what kind of faults?
1. A)
reverse
2. B)
normal
3. C)
symmetrical
4. D)
overturned
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 2. List the different kinds of plate
boundaries
22) The greater thickness of what kind of rocks causes the
continents to have higher surface elevations than the oceanic crust?
1. A)
sial
2. B)
metamorphic
3. C)
igneous
4. D) sima
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
23) Shields, which usually contain rich concentrations of
minerals (such as metallic ores) are located ________ of large continents such
as Africa, Asia, and North America.
1. A)
along the coast
2. B) in
the core
3. C)
along fault scarps
4. D)
along plate boundaries
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 4. Describe the processes that cause
vertical movements of the Earth’s crust
24) Earthquakes are most likely to occur
1. A) in
the center of tectonic plates.
2. B) at
the equator.
3. C)
where two tectonic plates join.
4. D) at
the poles.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
25) Earthquakes are most likely to occur near
1. A)
continental shields.
2. B)
areas of volcanic activity in the interior of continents.
3. C)
areas where two tectonic plates meet.
4. D)
heavily populated areas.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
26) The San Andreas Fault, where two plates slide past one
another, is a famous example of what kind of plate boundary?
1. A)
divergent
2. B)
convergent
3. C)
transform
4. D)
vertical
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 2. List the different kinds of plate
boundaries
27) Seafloor spreading
1. A)
ended with the breakup of Pangaea.
2. B) is
the result of subduction.
3. C)
can occur at divergent plate boundaries.
4. D)
was documented by Alfred Wegener.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
28) The Appalachians, the European Alps, and the Himalayas are
examples of mountain ranges formed by
1. A)
normal faults.
2. B)
divergent plate boundaries.
3. C)
faulting and folding.
4. D)
volcanic eruptions.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 2. List the different kinds of plate
boundaries
29) Which of the following factors does NOT influence the amount
of ground shaking caused by earthquakes?
1. A)
the earthquake’s intensity
2. B)
proximity to epicenter
3. C) unstable
ground
4. D)
time of day
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
30) Which of the following roles do streams play in shaping
landforms?
1. A)
erosion, transportation and deposition
2. B)
weathering, transportation and deposition
3. C)
erosion, weathering and deposition
4. D)
erosion, transportation and weathering
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
31) The smallest channels eroded by the flow of water, only a
few centimeters deep, are
1. A)
rills.
2. B)
alluvial fans.
3. C)
moraine.
4. D)
sials.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
32) What kind of fans occur when sediment that the stream can no
longer carry is deposited in a fan-shaped pattern?
1. A)
loess
2. B)
alluvial
3. C)
rills
4. D)
fluvium
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
33) Soil creep is NOT
1. A)
the most common form of mass movement.
2. B)
the very slow, gradual movement of material down the slope of a hill.
3. C)
more dangerous and dramatic when it occurs on steep slopes and in wet
conditions.
4. D)
common in areas of permafrost.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 6. List the different types of mass
movements
34) On most of Earth’s land surface, what is the most important agent
in moving weathered rock fragments downhill?
1. A)
wind
2. B)
water
3. C)
gravity
4. D)
ice
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 6. List the different types of mass
movements
35) During dry periods, most of the water flowing into streams
is supplied by
1. A)
overland flow.
2. B)
groundwater.
3. C)
rainfall.
4. D)
storms.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
36) The combined length of all of the stream channels in a
basin, divided by the area of the drainage basin, is the
1. A)
drainage density.
2. B)
slope.
3. C)
isostatic adjustment.
4. D)
discharge.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
37) The volume of water that a stream carries per unit time is
1. A)
runoff.
2. B)
drainage density.
3. C)
infiltration.
4. D)
discharge.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
38) The effect of deposition of sediment on streams is to
1. A)
change the shape of the channel.
2. B)
lower the elevation of the stream.
3. C)
increase slope.
4. D)
increase depth of pools.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
39) Which of the following is NOT true of chemical weathering?
1. A)
Rocks are broken down in a way that changes the minerals that compose the rock.
2. B) It
occurs faster in cooler places.
3. C) It
can be a result of the acids released by decaying vegetation.
4. D)
Oxidation is an example.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the process of weathering
40) A meandering stream does NOT
1. A)
erode and widen its floodplain.
2. B)
erode material from one side of the channel, where the current is swifter.
3. C)
deposit material where current is slower and has less energy.
4. D)
deposit material to constrict its floodplain.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
41) Alpine glaciers
1. A)
are thick layers of ice over 3 km in thickness.
2. B)
form near the peaks of individual mountains.
3. C)
are found at the poles.
4. D)
are increasing in size each year.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
42) Glaciers
1. A)
can move up to several hundred meters per year.
2. B)
contain more water today than they did 18,000 years ago.
3. C)
are more prominent at lower latitudes than higher latitudes.
4. D)
have little lasting impact on geomorphology.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
43) Accumulations of shifting sand are
1. A)
cirques.
2. B)
horns.
3. C)
spurs.
4. D)
dunes.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
44) An extremely long ocean wave created by an underwater
earthquake that may travel hundreds of kilometers per hour is a
1. A)
rill.
2. B)
dune.
3. C)
moraine.
4. D)
tsunami.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
45) ________ are like a river carrying sediment from areas where
it is eroded by waves and depositing it where breaking waves lose energy to
carry it, usually in deeper water.
1. A)
Surfs
2. B)
Longshore currents
3. C)
Seismic waves
4. D)
Rills
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
46) A ridge of material deposited at the end of a glacier is
1. A) a
lateral moraine.
2. B) a
terminal moraine.
3. C) an
outwash plain.
4. D) an
accumulation zone.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
47) Which of the following are NOT results of post glaciation?
1. A)
V-shaped valleys
2. B)
new lakes and streams
3. C)
sharp-edged mountain ridges
4. D)
U-shaped valleys
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
48) Thick layers of wind-blown silt are
1. A)
loess.
2. B)
alluvium.
3. C)
rills.
4. D) fluvium.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
49) Desert areas
1. A)
always contain sand dunes.
2. B)
are typically not eroded by water.
3. C)
typically contain very little desert pavement.
4. D)
are eroded by both wind and water.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
50) Waves
1. A)
are usually formed by the effect of tides.
2. B)
travel with equal energy in all directions from the point of origin.
3. C)
have speeds that are proportional to wavelength.
4. D) change
more in deep water than in shallow water.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
51) Plate tectonics theory has been widely accepted since the
late nineteenth century.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
52) Basalt is an igneous rock.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
53) Plate movements across Earth’s surface are believed to be
caused by convection in the mantle.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
54) Earthquakes tend to do the most damage in economically
advanced countries.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 16. Environment and Society: The changes
that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of resources
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
55) Shield volcanoes are more likely to cause death and
destruction than composite cone volcanoes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
56) The rocks of continental shields often contain rich
concentrations of metal ores.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
57) Isostatic adjustments are horizontal movements of the crust
caused by faulting.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
58) Oxidation of iron in rocks is an example of mechanical
weathering.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the process of weathering
59) Leaching is a major cause of the ocean’s salinity.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
60) The very slow, gradual movement of material downslope is
slumping.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 6. List the different types of mass movements
61) Landslides happen mainly during or following heavy rainfall.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 6. List the different types of mass
movements
62) Most rivers have relatively gentle gradients in the
headwaters and steep gradients in their downstream portions.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
63) Accelerated erosion on uplands has resulted in increased
deposition of sediment in many stream valleys.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
64) Less than 5 percent of eroded sediment will ever reach the
sea.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
65) Drainage density is the combined length of all the stream
channels in a basin divided by the area of the basin.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
66) For most of its existence, the Mississippi River has
followed the same stream channel.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
67) Terminal moraines mark the beginning point of a glacier
where ice accumulates.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
68) Loess is a deposit of wind-blown silt.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
69) The sinking of the Mississippi River Delta around New
Orleans has led to decreased wetlands in Louisiana.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
70) Mountain glaciation leaves a series of V-shaped valleys.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
71) The continental glaciers that existed during the Ice Age
accumulated at the North Pole and spread southward in all directions.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
72) Although continental glaciers existed in many areas 20,000
years ago, there are none on Earth today.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
73) An outwash plain is a large area in which accelerated
erosion has removed most of the soil.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
74) Long Island was formed as a result of the formation of
moraines during glaciation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 10. Describe the major features of
glaciated landscapes
75) Coastal landforms change much more rapidly than most inland
features.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
76) On average, shoreline is being destroyed faster than it is created.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think critically
and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
77) Sea level has risen over the last few hundred years
primarily because the total capacity of the world’s oceans to hold water has
decreased.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
78) Building levees and seawalls is a sure way to prevent
property damage from flooding.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Ice, Wind, and Waves
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Evaluation
Nat Geo Standard: 15. Environment and Society: How
physical systems affect human systems
Global Sci LO: 2. Demonstrate the ability to think
critically and employ critical thinking skills.
Learning Outcome: 11. Describe the ways in which wave
action shapes coastlines
79) Geomorphic processes such as faulting that operate within
the solid Earth are known as ________; processes like stream erosion that shape
Earth from above are known as ________.
Answer: endogenic; exogenic
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 1. Define tectonic plates
80) What are the three types of relative motion at boundaries of
tectonic plates?
Answer: Convergent, divergent, transform.
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical processes
that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
81) How do eruptions of shield volcanoes differ from those of
composite cone volcanoes?
Answer: Shield volcanoes erupt with relatively fluid lava
and little ash; composite cones commonly eject ash and lava in explosive
eruptions.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 3. List examples of the different kinds
of plate boundaries
82) Rocks of the continental crust are composed mostly of sial,
while rocks of the ocean crust are predominately sima. What is the significance
of the distinction between these rock types?
Answer: Sial is less dense than sima, and the continents
lie at a higher elevation as a result.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 4. Describe the processes that cause
vertical movements of the Earth’s crust
83) The process of breaking down rocks at Earth’s surface into
smaller pieces is called ________.
Answer: weathering
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 5. Describe the process of weathering
84) What is the difference between mass movement and erosion?
Answer: Mass movements primarily involve the action of
gravity on slope materials; erosion involves water or wind moving across the
soil surface.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 6. List the different types of mass
movements
85) How do streams erode and deposit material?
Answer: After chemical and mechanical weathering break
down rock, water picks it up and carries it away (erosion) in the stream
current. When the stream current decreases speed, it can no longer carry the
heavier material, so it drops its load (deposition).
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
86) What is meant by the term “grade” in the context of streams?
Answer: Grade is a condition in which a stream transports
exactly as much sediment as it has collected.
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
87) In what way is drainage density affected by (a) soil
characteristics, and (b) rainfall characteristics of a region?
Answer: Drainage density is increased by greater amounts
of runoff, which may result from impermeable soils and/or higher rainfall.
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Slopes and Streams
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis
Nat Geo Standard: 7. Physical Systems: The physical
processes that shape the patterns of Earth’s surface
Global Sci LO: 4. Demonstrate the quantitative skills
needed to succeed in Introductory Geography.
Learning Outcome: 8. Describe the features of a meandering
stream channel
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