Human Resource Information Systems Basics Applications and Future Directions 3rd Edition by Michael J. Kavanagh -Test Bank
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Chapter 3: Systems Considerations in the Design of a Human
Resource Information Systems: Planning for Implementation
Multiple Choice
1. Careful
planning, a dedicated team, top-management support, and an awareness of
potential pitfalls will all help ensure ___________________.
*A. system implementation success.
1. HRIS
programs that are user friendly.
2. the
steering committee is able to reach consensus.
3. the
program manager is efficient .
2. HRIS
users are:
3. employees
only
4. nonemployees
only
*C. employees and nonemployees
1. none
of the above
3. The
__________ is perhaps the most demanding user of the HRIS.
4. clerical
employee
5. manager
6. technical
expert
*D. analyst or power use
4. Although
the ___________ architecture is more complicated, the complexity is hidden from
the user.
*A. N-Tier
1. First-Tier
2. Third-Tier
3. Second-Tier
5. A
user-friendly and easy to navigate Web Site that clearly communicates the
benefits of being a member of the organization will be particularly useful for:
6. power
users
7. technical
experts
8. strategic
partners
*D. job seekers
6. Two
of the different data categories for an HRIS database are:
*A. information about people and information about the
organization,
1. information
about people and information about the competitive environment
2. information
about the organization and information about the competitive environment
3. information
about people and information about market trends
7. The
move from single tier to two-tier architecture was made possible by:
8. the
investment in faster mainframes
9. programming
that was more efficient
*C. the introduction of the personal computer
1. the
introduction of specialized programs
8. _______
applications provide the infrastructure to avoid data duplication, reentry, or
copying to multiple systems.
*A. ERP
1. BOB
2. Middleware
3. Two-tier
9. A
“Cloud” architecture most important feature is ______
10. Delivers
functionality over the internet, anytime any place
11. Requires
not software installation by an organization
12. Places
the responsibility for upgrades on the delivering vendor
*D. All of the above
10. To
help maintain the guidelines on how the project should function, it is
important to have a:
11. specification
approval report
12. steering
committee
*C. project charter
1. planning
document
11. __________
occurs when decisions are made to implement additional functionality beyond
what was defined in the __________.
*A. project creep, project scope
1. project
planning, project charter
2. project
revisions, project charter
3. project
scope, project creep
12. A
good method to determine whether to customize or stay with the vanilla software
version is to complete a:
13. competitive
analysis
*B. cost-benefit analysis
1. needs
assessment
2. version
assessment
13. _____________________
is the systematic documentation of organizational processes that directly
relate to the ongoing project.
*A. Process Mapping
1. Change
management
2. System
evaluation
3. Project
scope
14. To
facilitate decision making on complex issues, the manager usually relies on the
_________ to complete some type of analysis before making a decision.
15. systems
analyst
16. statistical
software
17. program
evaluator
*D. analyst or power user
15. Many
HRIS products provide real-time reporting and even screen-based historical
information about the employees and/or the functional unit that can provide the
_______ with the information they need.
16. clerical
employee
*B. manager
1. external
consultant
2. analyst/power
user
16. The
________ must take what the technical staff provides and interpret that into
language HR users understand so as to indicate how processes and activities
might change.
17. manager
*B. HRIS expert
1. external
consultant
2. analyst
or power user
True/False
17. Successful
implementation is the central goal of every HRIS project, and it begins with a
comprehensive design for the system.
*A. True
1. False
18. The
implementation process does not provide opportunities to reengineer and
systematically improve non-software processes to reflect best practices in HRM.
19. True
*B. False
19. The
analyst is referred to as a power user because this person accesses more areas
of the HRIS than almost any other user.
*A. True
1. False
20. HRIS
experts ensure that appropriate HR staff have all the access, information, and
tools necessary to do their jobs.
*A. True
1. False
21. The
HRIS expert must understand the process required to enter information into the
HRIS and may also need to start the process or generate periodic reports.
22. True
*B. False
22. The
complexity associated with the two-tier architecture is not apparent to the end
user.
23. True
*B. False
23. Security
within an HRIS is only of concern at the column and row levels.
24. True
*B. False
24. BOB
solutions reduce the complexity of the software architecture.
25. True
*B. False
25. Proper
planning can guarantee successful system implementation.
26. True
*B. False
26. Project
creep occurs when decisions are made to implement additional functionality
beyond what was defined in the project scope.
*A. True
1. False
27. The
technical expert is perhaps the most demanding user of the HRIS.
28. True
*B. False
28. Employees
may interface with the HRIS through a Web portal.
*A. True
1. False
29. A
good method to determine whether to customize or stay with the vanilla version
of software is to complete a needs assessment.
30. True
*B. False
30. Process
Mapping is the systematic documentation of organizational processes that
directly relate to the ongoing project.
*A. True
1. False
31. The
HRIS expert must take what the technical staff provides and interpret that into
language HR users understand so as to indicate how processes and activities
might change.
*A. True
1. False
32. Cloud
computing refers to “hosting” and is a new very cost effective architecture
that is changing the overall delivery and utilization of HRIS
*A. True
1. False
Short Answer
33. In
what ways would you expect a manager to use a HRIS system?
*Answer: • Managers use the system to gain real-time access to accurate
data that facilitate decision making with regard to their people (Miller,
1998).
·
Managers use the HRIS data for performance management,
recruiting and retention, team management, project management, and employee
development (Fein, 2001).
·
Managers use the HRIS for information necessary to help make
decisions that will contribute to the achievement of the unit’s strategic goals
and objectives (Hendrickson, 2003).
34. Discuss
what is meant by Cloud Computing
*Answer: Cloud computing is a computing architecture that uses
the Internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications. To
achieve this, a “server cloud,” or group of computers, is operated off-site,
and hosted services are then delivered over the Internet to the client
organization.
Cloud computing technology allows businesses to use applications
without actually having to own the hardware and software. The underlying goal
of cloud computing is to reduce software and equipment capital outlays.
Cloud computing technology allows businesses to use applications
without having to go through the complex installation process.
35. Discuss
the pros and cons of BOB solutions.
*Answer: BOB options can create a much more powerful solution
than a stand-alone HRIS. The BOB alternative also creates system flexibility,
as each application can be managed and upgraded independently.
BOBs introduce additional complexity into the software
architecture and may be more costly to the IT department and the organization.
36. When
might Best of Breed not be “best”?
*Answer: When the cost of the additional software and
development outweighs the benefit of the combined solution. Or when the core
HRIS software provides “good enough” functionality.
37. A
colleague of yours just told you s/he will be the project manager on the
implementation of the organization’s HRIS. What three pieces would you tell
him/her that will be critical to the successful implementation. Please be sure
to provide the rationale you would give him/her on why these three pieces are
critical.
*Answer: The answer should include three items from the system
implementation process.
38. Why
is a project charter important?
*Answer: The project charter that will help to maintain the
guidelines about how the project will function. It explains the agreed
upon decision making process, discusses the process by which customization
requests will be reviewed and acted upon, project management methods used,
reporting, deliverables, and political reporting relationships.
39. Why
is project creep not a good thing?
*Answer: Project creep occurs when decisions are made to
implement additional functionality beyond what is defined in the project
scope. The problem with project creep is that it may lead to huge cost
overruns, a failure to complete the project, and then in the rush to meet final
deadlines the delivery of a project that fails to meet the needs of the
customers.
40. Why
do employees fear change?
*Answer: Employees fear change for a number of reasons, such as:
(a) fear of new technology; (b) not willing to change – the current process is
comfortable; (c) not willing to share information with other people as “owning”
information is often power; (d) potential job uncertainty; (e) past
experiences; and (f) the change itself.
41. What
is a direct conversion when you “Go Live”?
*Answer: A direct conversion is when the old software is turned
off and the new software is turned on. As issues with the new software are
identified, they are reported, and adjustments are made. The positive of an
immediate change is that it is done. The potential negative of deciding
to do a direct conversion is that, regardless of training and the change
management process, there is an organization-wide learning curve while the
users adjust to the new software. There may be a period when customers may be
served at a level that is less than expected.
42. What
is a parallel conversion when you “Go Live”?
*Answer: In the parallel conversion, the new software is turned
on for some period of time before the old software is to be turned off, and it
incorporates final system testing into the changeover process. The positive of
a parallel conversion is that there is enormous testing that goes on before the
old software disappears. The negatives are that the users will hang on to the
old software because it is comfortable and that there will have to be dual data
entry performed for every task.
Chapter 4: The Systems Development Life Cycle and HRIS
Needs Analysis
Multiple Choice
1. The
process of thoroughly gathering, prioritizing, and documenting an
organization’s HR information requirements is a:
*A. needs analysis.
1. business
case requirement.
2. planning
analysis.
3. workflow
chart.
2. Planning
and needs analysis can best be described as:
3. linear
processes
*B. iterative processes
1. single
events
2. unrelated
processes
3. Which
of the following is not an outcome of a Needs Analysis process?:
4. Current
system performance issues;
5. The
introduction of a new system, application, task, or technology; or
6. Any
opportunities perceived to benefit the organization.
*D. Staff levels within the HR department
4. Which
of the following is NOT a Stage of the Needs Analysis process?
5. OBSERVATION
*B. PLANNING
1. EVALUATION
2. REPORTING
5. Data
collection methods for the needs analysis include:
6. Interviews
7. Surveys
and online tools
8. Organizational
archives
*D. All of the above
6. The
process of documenting and comparing the current state of the HRIS with the
desired future state based on needs that are not being met with the current
system is called a
7. needs
analysis
*B. gap analysis
1. system
design
D.HRIS plan
7. During
the __________ phase of the System Development Life Cycle an organization’s
current capabilities are documented, new needs are identified, and the scope of
an HRIS is determined.
8. Planning
*B. Analysis
1. Implementation
2. Maintenance
8. When
gathering data for the analysis phase it can be beneficial to talk with:,
9. employees
who have worked in the firm for a long period of time
10. new
employees
11. consultants
outside the firm
*D. all of the above
True/False
9. The
business requirements definition is the process when analyzing an HR system
where an organization determines and documents its current and future needs.
*A. True
1. False
10. The
gap analysis is a process of comparing an organization’s needs against its current
capabilities.
*A. True
1. False
11. SDLC
refers to the process of System Documentation for a new system.
12. True
*B. False
12. The
ongoing maintenance of a new HRIS is NOT included within an SDLC project. es.
13. True
*B. False
13. Senior
Management maintains a “hands off” position when others are implementing a new
HRIS
14. True
*B. False
14. The
needs analysis is synonymous with business requirements definition.
*A. True
1. False
Short Answer
15. Why
is it important for Senior Management to be involved in a new Implementation
project?
*Answer: Senior management sponsorship and a visible presence
are critical to the success of the project, and mutual respect and honesty will
allow the team to acquire the information needed to perform the analysis and
make suitable recommendations. This group acts as a steering committee
that will guide the team, resolve issues, and set priorities
16. Why
are person to person interviews more effective than handing out Questionnaires?
*Answer: Compared to interviews, questionnaires have much lower
response rates, and lack personal interaction and body cues
17. What
are a few different ways to conduct a Needs Analysis interview?
*Answer: Interviews can be completely unstructured or very
scripted. Unstructured interviews is when a general topic is introduced for
discussion and the interview lets the interview progress naturally. In a
Structured interview, the interviewer asks specific questions in a
predetermined order and respondents select from a set of alternative answers.
18. When
this information is organized, it can then be prioritized according to the
immediacy of need, and the level of importance of the functionality the data
represents.
*Answer: Priority Description
1. Must
be present at implementation
2. Must
be present within six months of implementation
3. Nice
to have, but not essential
4. Not
need in the near future, but may be needed due to environmental changes
Importance Description
1. Mandatory
2. Strongly
desired
3. Nice
to have
19. When
gathering data for the analysis phase, discuss the pros and cons of speaking
with people experienced with the firm (i.e., employees who have been with the
firm for a long time).
*Answer: People with specific knowledge of the firm who have
been with it for a long period of time can contribute useful insights. However,
employees with longer organizational tenure can be some of the more difficult
people to accept the change to a new HRIS.
20. When
gathering data for the analysis phase, discuss the pros and cons of speaking
with people who are not experienced with the firm (i.e., new employees or
consultants).
*Answer: New employees or people who are not experienced with
the firm (e.g., consultants), may not have any strong interest or bias in a
particular system and, thus, are not protective of the current system.
People from different jobs or backgrounds may ensure that the system that is
developed and implemented will serve everyone’s needs. Finally, consultants can
bring an objective, independent perspective on a firm’s needs that is based on
the knowledge of other firms who were undergoing similar processes.
21. What
are three phases of the typical System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
*Answer: There are five phases in the SDLC: Planning, Analysis,
Design, Implementation, and Maintenance. Students will only need to mention
three of these five.
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