Human Biology 14 Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
Cell Structure and Function
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What
are the folds in mitochondrial membranes called?
A. matrix
B.
cristae
C. rugae
D. lumen
E. villi
The folds in the mitochondria are known as cristae.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.06.01
Understand the relationship of the products and reactants in a metabolic
reaction
Section: 03.06
Topic: Organelles
2. The
gel-like fluid substance within a mitochondrion is called the
A. matrix.
B. cristae.
C. rugae.
D. effluvium.
E. villi.
The matrix of the mitochondrion is a gel-like fluid.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.06.01
Understand the relationship of the products and reactants in a metabolic
reaction
Section: 03.06
Topic: Organelles
3. The
sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell collectively are
called
A. respiration.
B. anabolism.
C. photosynthesis.
D.
metabolism.
E. reaction summary.
Metabolism includes the sum of the chemical reactions that occur
within a cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.06.02
Identify the role of an enzyme in a metabolic reaction.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Metabolic Pathways
4. In a
metabolic pathway, substrate Z is broken down to form product Y and X. Y
is further broken down into products V and W. How many enzymes are required for
this metabolic pathway?
A. one
B.
two
C. three
D. four
E. five
Two enzymes are needed: one to break down Z and one to break
down Y.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.06.02
Identify the role of an enzyme in a metabolic reaction.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Enzymes
5. Why
is glycolysis believed to have evolved early in the history of life?
A. It breaks down sugar.
B. It produces energy.
C.
It is present in most every type of cell.
D. It does not require oxygen.
E. It splits a 6-carbon molecule into two 3-carbon molecules.
Glycolysis is found in most every type of cell, therefore, it
must have evolved early in the history of life.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Glycolysis
6. Which
of the following steps in the breakdown of glucose does not require oxygen?
A. glycolysis
B. citric acid cycle
C. electron transport chain
D. acetyl CoA conversion
E. None of these require oxygen.
Glycolysis is anaerobic, because it requires no oxygen.
The citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, and acetyl CoA
conversion all require the presence of oxygen to occur. These are all
steps associated with aerobic respiration.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Glycolysis
7. What
is the maximum number of ATP molecules produced during aerobic respiration?
A. 38
B. 36
C. 32
D. 2
E. 4
The maximum number of ATP produced during cellular respiration
is 38. The low side of the range for the entire cellular respiration
process is 36. 32 ATP are produced during the ATP-synthase complex per
glucose molecule.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.06.04
Illustrate the stages of the ATP cycle.
Section: 03.06
Topic: ATP
True / False Questions
8. Only
glucose can be used as an energy source in the human body.
FALSE
Other sugars as well as fats and proteins can be used as
possible fuel for cellular respiration.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Cellular
Respiration
Short Answer Questions
9. List,
in order, the stages of aerobic cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration begins with glycolysis. The resulting
pyruvates are modified and then moved into the citric acid cycle within the
matrix of the mitochondria. The resulting NADH molecules from glycolysis
are then moved to the electron transport chain in which they deliver electrons.
The electrons are passed down the electron transport chain, producing ATP
and ultimately combining with oxygen.
Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Cellular
Respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
10.
The first day of football practice was rough on the squad.
During practice the players complained of cramps and sore muscles. The reason
for their complaints was that there was a __________________ build up in their
muscles.
A. glucose
B. alcohol
C. carbon dioxide
D. carbon monoxide
E.
lactate
The reason for cramps and sore muscles complaints was that there
was a lactate build up in their muscles due to anaerobic exercise.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Fermentation and
Anaerobic Respiration
Short Answer Questions
11.
Explain what occurs during endocytosis.
During endocytosis a portion of the plasma membrane invaginates
and forms a pouch in order to envelop a substance and fluid. As the
membrane folds inward it will eventually pinch itself together forming a
vesicle containing the substance or fluid inside of the cell.
Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 03.03.05
Summarize how eukaryotic cells move large molecules across membranes.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
True / False Questions
12.
Since all organisms carry on cellular respiration, all living
cells must contain mitochondria.
FALSE
Prokaryotic cells carry out cellular respiration but they do not
contain mitochondria. The elements of the respiratory pathway are present in
the plasma membrane.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 03.06.02
Identify the role of an enzyme in a metabolic reaction.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Cellular
Respiration
Multiple Choice Questions
13.
If the mitochondrion is the result of endosymbiosis, what
membrane of the mitochondrion represents the engulfing vesicle?
A. the
outer mitochondrial membrane
B. vacuole
C. cristae
D. matrix
E. grana
The outer mitochondrial membrane would come from the engulfing
vesicle. The cristae is the inner mitochondrial membrane and would have
represented the original prokaryotic membrane.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.06.01
Understand the relationship of the products and reactants in a metabolic
reaction
Section: 03.06
Topic: Eukaryote Structure
True / False Questions
14.
Fermentation produces more ATP than does aerobic respiration.
FALSE
Fermentation only produces 2 ATP while aerobic respiration
produces 32 ATP.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.06.03
Summarize the roles of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, the electron transport
chain, and fermentation in energy generation.
Section: 03.06
Topic: Fermentation and
Anaerobic Respiration
15.
When ATP is broken down, heat is released.
TRUE
ATP breakdown releases heat and energy that can be used for
metabolic work.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.06.04
Illustrate the stages of the ATP cycle.
Section: 03.06
Topic: ATP
Multiple Choice Questions
16.
If you could remove all the phosphate in the cell, what would
happen to the ATP cycle?
A. It
would stop when all the ATP had been converted into ADP.
B. It would stop when all the ADP had been converted into ATP.
C. It would cycle faster because the lack of phosphate would drive the
cycle.
D. It would cycle faster because of the buildup of ATP.
E. It would not affect the ATP cycle.
Without phosphate, ADP cannot be converted back to ATP. So the
cycle would stop when all the ATP had been converted to ADP.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.06.04
Illustrate the stages of the ATP cycle.
Section: 03.06
Topic: ATP
17.
________ are the fundamental units that make up all living
things.
A. Compartments
B.
Cells
C. Chromosomes
D. Coelom
E. Cristae
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living
things.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.01
State the basic principles of the cell theory.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
18.
The size of a metabolizing cell is limited by its
A. extracellular matrix.
B. function.
C. nuclear size.
D.
surface area-to-volume ratio.
E. genome size.
The surface area of a cell reflects the ability to exchange
materials and the volume reflects the cell’s metabolic needs. As the volume
increases in cells, the surface area decreases.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.02
Explain how the surface area-to-volume ratio limits cell size.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
19.
Whose work proved conclusively that spontaneous generation of
life from nonlife was not possible?
A. Louis
Pasteur
B. Charles Darwin
C. John Ray
D. Walther Flemming
E. Georges Cuvier
Louis Pasteur proved that the spontaneous generation of life was
not possible in 1864.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.01
State the basic principles of the cell theory.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Origin of Cells
20.
The reason that metabolizing cells are small in size is because
A. cells influence nearby cells to divide.
B.
the surface area of a cell must be able to accomplish nutrient/waste exchange.
C. cells need to dissipate heat effectively.
D. mitosis occurs before cells reach a certain size.
E. cells need to communicate with adjacent cells.
Cells stay small because the surface area of a cell is important
in the exchange of materials.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.01.02
Explain how the surface area-to-volume ratio limits cell size.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Plasma Membrane
21.
In developing embryos such as a chicken, what restores the
amount of surface area needed for exchange requirements?
A. respiration
B. catabolism
C. anabolism
D.
cell division
E. assimilation
Cell division restores the amount of surface area needed for
exchange requirements.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.01.02
Explain how the surface area-to-volume ratio limits cell size.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Plasma Membrane
22.
If a cell has a volume of 3nm, what are the surface area and the
volume of the cell?
A. 24nm2, 8nm3
B. 38nm2, 16nm3
C.
54nm2, 27nm3
D. 64nm2, 24nm3
E. 18nm2, 6nm3
The surface area is 6 x 3 nm x 3 nm or 54nm2.
The volume is 3 nm x 3 nm x 3 nm or 27nm3.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.01.02
Explain how the surface area-to-volume ratio limits cell size.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Plasma Membrane
23.
What is the name of a photograph of a specimen obtained
with a microscope?
A. negative
B. dermatome
C. thermograph
D.
micrograph
E. chromatograph
A micrograph is a photograph of a specimen obtained with a
microscope.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.03
Summarize the role of microscopy in the study of cells.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
24.
Viruses are not made up of cells. According to cell theory, this
means what?
A. Viruses can cause disease.
B. Cells come only from pre-existing cells.
C. Cells can be infected by viruses.
D.
Viruses are not living.
E. Cells and viruses are the same thing.
The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells.
Therefore, anything not made of cells is not living.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.01.01
State the basic principles of the cell theory.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
25.
Brett needs to distinguish two points that are 0.5 mm apart.
What is the easiest way to do this?
A. Use a transmission electron microscope.
B. Use a compound light microscope.
C.
Use his eyes.
D. Use a magnifying glass.
E. Use a scanning electron microscope.
The human eye is capable of resolving two points 0.1 mm apart,
so he can distinguish these two points with his eyes.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.01.03
Summarize the role of microscopy in the study of cells.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
26.
The light microscope has a resolving power of
A. 0.1 mm.
B. 0.01 mm.
C.
0.0001 mm.
D. 0.000001 mm.
E. 0.00000001 mm.
The light microscope has a resolving power of 0.0001 mm.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.03
Summarize the role of microscopy in the study of cells.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
27.
What type of microscopy provides a three-dimensional view of the
surface of an object?
A. compound light microscope
B. transmission electron microscope
C.
scanning electron microscope
D. phase contrast microscope
E. ultraviolet microscope
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a
three-dimensional view of the surface of an object.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.01.03
Summarize the role of microscopy in the study of cells.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
28.
Angela would like to look at living algae from pond water. What
type of equipment should she use?
A. compound
light microscope
B. transmission electron microscope
C. scanning electron microscope
D. magnifying glass
E. her naked eye
Only the compound light microscope can be used to look at living
specimens.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.01.03
Summarize the role of microscopy in the study of cells.
Section: 03.01
Topic: Cell Theory
True / False Questions
29.
Biologists classify cells into two broad categories–animals and
plants.
FALSE
Biologists classify cells into two broad categories–the
prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.02.02
Distinguish between the structure of a prokaryotic cell and that of a
eukaryotic cell.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Eukaryote Structure
Multiple Choice Questions
30.
Which of the following structures are present in both eukaryotes
and prokaryotes?
A. plasma
membrane
B. nucleus
C. endoplasmic reticulum
D. Golgi body
E. mitochondria
Only the plasma membrane is present in both eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.02.02
Distinguish between the structure of a prokaryotic cell and that of a
eukaryotic cell.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Plasma Membrane
True / False Questions
31.
Because bacteria are prokaryotes, they do not have DNA.
FALSE
Because bacteria are prokaryotes, they do not have a nucleus,
but they do have DNA.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.02.02
Distinguish between the structure of a prokaryotic cell and that of a
eukaryotic cell.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Prokaryote
Structure
Multiple Choice Questions
32.
The phospholipid bilayer that surrounds/maintains the integrity
of a cell is called a
A. plasma
membrane.
B. Sanger enclosure.
C. hydrophobic membrane.
D. dialysis membrane.
E. mosaic membrane.
The phospholipid bilayer that surrounds/maintains the integrity
of a cell is called the plasma membrane.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.02.01
Identify the components of a human cell and state the function of each.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Plasma Membrane
33.
What is the name of the semi-fluid medium inside the cell?
A. nucleolus
B.
cytoplasm
C. organelle
D. cytoskeleton
E. mitochondrion
The cytoplasm is the semi-fluid internal medium found within the
cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.02.01
Identify the components of a human cell and state the function of each.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Eukaryote Structure
True / False Questions
34.
The cytoplasm is not considered a cellular organelle.
TRUE
An organelle is any well-defined subcellular structure, so the
cytoplasm is not an organelle. However, the cytoplasm does contain organelles.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 03.02.01
Identify the components of a human cell and state the function of each.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Eukaryote Structure
Multiple Choice Questions
35.
The plasma membrane contains how many layers of phospholipids?
A. one
B.
two
C. four
D. eight
E. sixteen
The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, so it consists of
two layers of phospholipids.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.02.01
Identify the components of a human cell and state the function of each.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Plasma Membrane
36.
Paleontologists have discovered ancient prokaryotic fossils
dated at over 3.5 billion years old. These fossils resemble prokaryotes that
are capable of living in extreme conditions such as high temperature and
salinity. What domain do these prokaryotes belong to?
A. Protists
B. Protoctista
C.
Archaea
D. Archetista
E. Eukarya
It is believed that the ancient prokaryotic cells were members
of domain Archaea.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.02.03
Summarize how eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Prokaryote
Structure
37.
All of the following are possible origins of cell
organelles in eukaryotes EXCEPT
A. invagination of the plasma membrane to form endoplasmic reticulum.
B. incorporation of engulfed heterotrophic bacteria to form mitochondria.
C. incorporation of engulfed autotrophic cyanobacteria to form
chloroplasts.
D. a symbiotic relationship between a host cell and a prokaryote that was
taken up but not destroyed.
E.
groups of prokaryotic cells begin to live in a small group sharing products of
metabolism.
Groups of prokaryotic cells do live together in groups and share
products of metabolism but this is not considered part of how the first
eukaryotic cells came to be.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.02.03
Summarize how eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Origin of Cells
True / False Questions
38.
Archaea are considered the evolutionary precursors to eukaryotic
cells.
TRUE
The eukaryotic cell is believed to have evolved from the
archaea.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.02.03
Summarize how eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.
Section: 03.02
Topic: Origin of Cells
Multiple Choice Questions
39.
In the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane, the
phospholipid molecules are oriented so that the _____________ heads are facing
the outside environment and the ________________ tails are facing the interior
of the membrane.
A. hydrophobic, hydrophilic
B.
hydrophilic, hydrophobic
C. autotrophic, heterotrophic
D. heterotrophic, autotrophic
E. ectothermic, endothermic
In the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane, the
phospholipid molecules are oriented so that the hydrophilic heads are facing
the outside environment and the hydrophobic tails are facing the interior of
the membrane.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.03.01
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and list the type of molecules
found in the membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
40.
Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane?
A. determines which substances enter and leave the cell
B. serves as a boundary between the cell and its environment
C. contains receptor sites which determine how the cell interacts with
its environment
D.
contains the genetic information
E. marks the cell as belonging to a particular individual
The nucleus contains the genetic information. All of the rest
are functions of the plasma membrane.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.03.01
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and list the type of molecules
found in the membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
41.
Which model currently describes the structure of the plasma
membrane?
A. endosymbiont model
B.
fluid-mosaic model
C. plasmagel-plasmasol model
D. lock and key model
E. induced-fit model
The fluid-mosaic model is the current model of the membrane
structure of a cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.01
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and list the type of molecules
found in the membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
42.
A short chain of sugar attached to a protein molecule on the
plasma membrane is called
A. a protomembrane.
B. a protosugar.
C. a glycocalyx.
D. a glycolipid.
E.
a glycoprotein.
A short chain of sugar attached to a protein is called a
glycoprotein.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.01
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and list the type of molecules
found in the membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
43.
Which of the following can cross the plasma membrane because of
its selective permeability?
A. gases
such as oxygen and carbon dioxide
B. ions
C. large, polar molecules
D. large, nonpolar molecules
E. glycoproteins
Gases and non-polar molecules can cross the plasma membrane
because of its selective permeability.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.02
Distinguish among diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated transport and state the
role of each in the cell.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
44.
The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane is called
A. denaturation.
B.
osmosis.
C. dispersion.
D. dissociation.
E. reconstitution.
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable
membrane.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.02
Distinguish among diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated transport and state the
role of each in the cell.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
45.
During a hurricane, salt water invades fresh water marshes
causing many of the plants to die. The plants are killed because the salt water
solution is __________________ to the plants, drawing water from their cells.
A. isotonic
B. hypotonic
C. mesotonic
D. oligotonic
E.
hypertonic
The salt water is a hypertonic solution which can cause the
death of the marsh plants by drawing water out of their cells.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.03.03
Explain how tonicity relates to the direction of water movement across a
membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
46.
What is the function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?
A. cell marker
B. receptor
C.
support
D. channel
E. enzyme
Molecules of cholesterol add support to the plasma membrane.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.01
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and list the type of molecules
found in the membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Plasma Membrane
47.
A solution is at equilibrium across a plasma membrane. If 50
molecules were to enter the cell, how many molecules would need to exit the
cell in order to maintain the equilibrium?
A. 50
B. 75
C. 25
D. 0
E. 100
In order to maintain a state of equilibrium the same number of
molecules need to enter the cell as the number of molecules that leave the
cell.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.03.02
Distinguish among diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated transport and state the
role of each in the cell.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
48.
Often when a person is admitted to the hospital, an intravenous
solution of normal saline is begun. Since this does not harm the patient, what
is the tonicity of normal saline compared to your blood?
A. hypertonic
B.
isotonic
C. hypotonic
D. pretonic
E. osmotonic
Normal saline is isotonic to red blood cells in your blood since
the salt concentrations are equal.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.03.03
Explain how tonicity relates to the direction of water movement across a
membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
49.
Choose the CORRECT statement about solute concentrations or
particles inside and outside the cell.
A. In a hypertonic solution, there are more particles inside the cell.
B. In a hypotonic solution, there are more particles outside the cell.
C.
In an isotonic solution the amount of water inside and outside the cell is
equal.
D. In a hypertonic solution, there is more water outside the cell.
E. In a hypotonic solution, there is more water inside the cell.
In isotonic solutions, the water is equal inside and outside the
cell. In a hypertonic solution, there are more particles outside of the
cell. In a hypotonic solution, there are fewer particles outside of the
cell. In hypertonic solutions, there is less water outside the cell. In a
hypotonic solution, there is more water outside of the cell.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.03.03
Explain how tonicity relates to the direction of water movement across a
membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
50.
Brad placed a drop of blood in some distilled water. What
happened in the red blood cells?
A. The cells shrunk.
B.
The cells burst.
C. The cells did not change.
D. The cells divided into 2 identical cells.
E. The cellular metabolism increased in rate.
Cells placed in pure water would swell until they burst because
they would be in a hypotonic solution.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.03.03
Explain how tonicity relates to the direction of water movement across a
membrane.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
51.
The assisted transport of a molecule across the cell membrane
without an expenditure of energy is known as what?
A.diffusion
B. facilitated
transport
C. active transport
D. osmosis
E. crenation.
The first australopithecine to be discovered was unearthed in
southern Africa by Raymond Dart in the 1920s.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.04
Compare passive-transport and active-transport mechanisms.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Passive Transport
True / False Questions
52.
In the sodium potassium pump, sodium and potassium are both
pumped out of the cell via active transport.
FALSE
Sodium is pumped out of the cell while potassium is pumped into
the cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.04
Compare passive-transport and active-transport mechanisms.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
Multiple Choice Questions
53.
Which of the following does not utilize active transport?
A.movement
of oxygen from the lungs into the blood
B. concentrating iodine ions in the thyroid gland
C. absorbing sugar in the gut
D. water homeostasis in the kidneys
E. movement of sodium and potassium in nerve cells
Limb anatomy suggests that australopithecines walked upright.
However, the proportions of the limbs are apelike in that the forelimbs are
longer than the hindlimbs.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.03.04
Compare passive-transport and active-transport mechanisms.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
54.
Sheree observed an amoeba feeding by engulfing the prey with its
false feet or pseudopods. This process is known as
A. pinocytosis.
B.
phagocytosis.
C. exocytosis.
D. facilitated transport.
E. osmosis.
Phagocytosis involves the engulfing of an object by a cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.03.05
Summarize how eukaryotic cells move large molecules across membranes.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
True / False Questions
55.
During exocytosis, the phospholipids present in the vesicle
membrane will end up in the plasma membrane.
TRUE
During exocytosis, the vesicle membrane fuses with the plasma
membrane, so the phospholipids of the vesicle will end up in the plasma
membrane.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.03.05
Summarize how eukaryotic cells move large molecules across membranes.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
Multiple Choice Questions
56.
Which of the following processes moves large molecules across a
membrane in the opposite direction of the others?
A. exocytosis
B. phagocytosis
C. pinocytosis
D. receptor-mediated endocytosis
E. endocytosis
Exocytosis moves substances out of the cell, while all the
others move substances into the cell.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.03.05
Summarize how eukaryotic cells move large molecules across membranes.
Section: 03.03
Topic: Active Transport
57.
What cell structure is composed of a stack of slightly curved
saccules that are important in packaging and secretion?
A. mitochondria
B. vacuoles
C.
Golgi apparatus
D. lysosomes
E. endoplasmic reticulum
The Golgi apparatus is a stack of slightly curved saccules that
are important in packaging and secretion.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.04.02
Summarize the function of the organelles of the endomembrane system.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
58.
What is the obvious dark-stained structure within the nucleus
that contains ribosomal RNA called?
A. nucleus
B.
nucleolus
C. nuclear envelope
D. nucleoplasm
E. endoplasmic reticulum
The nucleolus is an obvious dark-stained, RNA-rich structure
housed in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.04.01
Describe the structure of the nucleus and explain its role as the storage place
of genetic information.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
59.
The grainy-looking substance inside the nucleus is composed of
A. phospholipids.
B.
DNA and proteins.
C. nucleoplasm.
D. ribosomes.
E. mitochondria.
The grainy-looking substance inside the nucleus is chromatin, a
combination of DNA molecules and proteins.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.04.01
Describe the structure of the nucleus and explain its role as the storage place
of genetic information.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
True / False Questions
60.
The nucleus of a cell in your thigh muscle contains the same
genes as the nucleus of a cell in your brain.
TRUE
Every cell in the body contains the same genes.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.04.01
Describe the structure of the nucleus and explain its role as the storage place
of genetic information.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
Multiple Choice Questions
61.
How large is a nuclear pore in the nuclear envelope?
A. larger
than a ribosome
B. larger than the Golgi apparatus
C. larger than the endoplasmic reticulum
D. smaller than a ribosome
E. smaller than a protein
Nuclear pores must be larger than a ribosome in order to allow
ribosomes to exit the nucleus. Proteins can also exit through the pores. The
Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are far larger than the nuclear
pores.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.04.01
Describe the structure of the nucleus and explain its role as the storage place
of genetic information.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
62.
If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to
A. form a spindle apparatus.
B.
synthesize proteins.
C. respire oxidatively.
D. break down fats.
E. produce ATP.
If a cell lacked ribosomes it would not be able to engage in
protein synthesis.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.04.03
Explain the role and location of the ribosomes.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
63.
What components make up the ribosomes?
A. proteins
and rRNA
B. proteins and DNA
C. lipids and rRNA
D. carbohydrates and rRNA
E. proteins and DNA
Ribosomes are organelles composed of proteins and rRNA.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.04.03
Explain the role and location of the ribosomes.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
64.
What do the SER and RER have in common?
A. the presence of ribosomes
B.
the formation of transport vesicles
C. the synthesis of phospholipids
D. the synthesis of proteins
E. the processing and modification of proteins
Both the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum form transport
vesicles.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.04.02
Summarize the function of the organelles of the endomembrane system.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
65.
What is the main function of the ribosomes in the cell?
A. to
synthesize proteins
B. to synthesize DNA
C. to breakdown proteins into individual amino acids
D. to form the nuclear envelope
E. to provide strength and structural support for the cell membrane
The primary role of the ribosome is to synthesize proteins
within the cell.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.04.03
Explain the role and location of the ribosomes.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
66.
Which of the following would be a way of finishing this
hypothesis about the function of the Golgi apparatus? If the Golgi apparatus is
involved in packaging products for secretion, then
A. vesicles
must travel from the Golgi to the cell surface.
B. vesicles must travel from the RER and SER to the Golgi apparatus.
C. the Golgi apparatus must be part of the endomembrane system.
D. the Golgi apparatus must consist of 3 to 20 slightly curved sacs.
E. the Golgi apparatus would contain proteins.
In order to be secretory, vesicles must travel from the Golgi to
the cell surface. Although vesicles do travel from the RER and SER to the Golgi
apparatus, this does not apply to secretion, only to intracellular transport.
The Golgi apparatus is part of the endomembrane system, does consist of 3-20
slightly curved sacs, and does contain proteins, but none of these apply to a
secretory function.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 03.04.02
Summarize the function of the organelles of the endomembrane system.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
67.
Which organelle can be likened to a post office?
A. nucleus
B. nucleolus
C. mitochondria
D. endoplasmic reticulum
E.
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is involved in processing, packaging, and
secretion.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.04.02
Summarize the function of the organelles of the endomembrane system.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
68.
What cellular organelle is especially abundant in phagocytic
white blood cells?
A. nuclei
B. nucleoli
C. Golgi apparati
D.
lysosomes
E. ribosomes
Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes and are particular numerous
in phagocytic white blood cells.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.04.02
Summarize the function of the organelles of the endomembrane system.
Section: 03.04
Topic: Organelles
69.
Which of the following is not associated with the cytoskeleton?
A. intermediate filaments
B. microtubules
C.
microbodies
D. actin filaments
E. centrosome
Microbodies are not a part of the cytoskeleton.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.02
Summarize the major protein fibers in the cytoskeleton.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
70.
Which of the following protein fibers is used for cellular
movement and are extremely thin in size?
A. actin
filaments
B. intermediate filaments
C. microtubules
D. centrosome
E. cilia
Actin filaments are used in movement of the cell and are very
thin fibers. Intermediate filaments are not the thinnest fibers.
Microtubules are very large filaments. Centrosomes are the
microtubule organizing center of the cell. Cilia are associated with
cellular movement but are not thin filaments. They are composed of
bundles of microtubules.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.02
Summarize the major protein fibers in the cytoskeleton.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
71.
Centrosomes are associated with
A. ribosomes.
B. mitochondria.
C. chromosomes.
D.
microtubules.
E. lysosomes.
Centrosomes are responsible for the regulation of microtubule
assembly.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.01
Explain the role of the cytoskeleton in the cell.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
72.
Which protein filaments are bundled together to form cilia?
A. microtubules
B. actin filaments
C. intermediate filaments
D. centrosomes
E. None of these.
Cilia are composed of bundles of microtubules. Centrosomes
are the microtubule organizing center of the cell.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.02
Summarize the major protein fibers in the cytoskeleton.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
73.
Which of the following is not a function of the cytoskeleton?
A. maintain a cell’s shape
B.
process proteins
C. anchor organelles
D. move organelles
E. move the entire cell
The cytoskeleton is not responsible for the processing of
proteins.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.01
Explain the role of the cytoskeleton in the cell.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
74.
Which structure in the human body will use flagella to move?
A. sperm
B. eggs
C. lining of the respiratory tract
D. lining of the uterine tubes
E. lining of the urinary system
Sperm contain flagella that enable them to move. Human
eggs do not move on their own, they are pushed along the female reproductive
tract by cilia in the tract. The lining of the respiratory tract and
uterine tubes contain cilia that help move particles along. The urinary
system does not contain flagella or cilia.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.03
Describe the role of flagella and cilia in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
True / False Questions
75.
A malfunction with the microtubules would interfere with mitosis
and meiosis.
TRUE
Microtubules form spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis,
which assist the movement of chromosomes.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.05.01
Explain the role of the cytoskeleton in the cell.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
Short Answer Questions
76.
Explain the functions of adhesion junctions, gap junctions, and
tight junctions in human cells.
Adhesion junctions serve to mechanically attach adjacent cells
to each other. This type of junction allows movement of molecules between
connected cells. It forms a porous type of barrier.
Gap junctions serve to communicate information between cells. It forms a
channel that allows for the rapid movement of molecules from one cell to the
next.
Tight junctions make solid connections between adjacent cells. These
cells form a solid barrier.
Blooms Level: 6. Create
Learning Outcome: 03.05.04
Compare the functions of adhesion junctions, gap junctions, and tight junctions
in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cell Junctions
Multiple Choice Questions
77.
Which of the following diseases would you expect in someone with
malfunctioning cilia?
A. recurrent
respiratory infections
B. heart attack
C. urinary infections
D. muscle paralysis
E. brittle bones
The lack of cilia on the cells that line the respiratory tract
would result in recurrent respiratory infections.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 03.05.03
Describe the role of flagella and cilia in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
78.
Which type of junctions must there be between cells to form a
barrier?
A. adhesion junctions
B. gap junctions
C.
tight junctions
D. channel junctions
E. free junctions
Tight junctions are necessary to contain fluids within a
specific area.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 03.05.04
Compare the functions of adhesion junctions, gap junctions, and tight junctions
in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cell Junctions
True / False Questions
79.
Cilia are composed of microtubules while flagella are composed
of actin filaments.
FALSE
Both cilia and flagella are composed of microtubules.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 03.05.03
Describe the role of flagella and cilia in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cytoskeleton
Multiple Choice Questions
80.
In an experiment in the laboratory, a small colored molecule is
injected into one cell. Within minutes, the molecule has entered the adjacent
cells. What type of junctions connect these cells?
A. gap
junctions
B. free junctions
C. adhesion junctions
D. tight junctions
E. actin junctions
Gap junctions serve as communication portals between cells,
allowing easy movement between adjacent cells.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 03.05.04
Compare the functions of adhesion junctions, gap junctions, and tight junctions
in human cells.
Section: 03.05
Topic: Cell Junctions
Chapter 05
Cardiovascular System: Heart and Blood Vessels
True / False Questions
1. Gas
exchange is the only function of blood.
FALSE
The blood has many functions, of which gas exchange is only one.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02
Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Blood
Multiple Choice Questions
2. When
comparing the cardiovascular system to a city, what is it similar to?
A. roads
B. government building
C. grocery stores
D. waste recycling plant
E. power plant
The cardiovascular system is similar to the roads which
transport goods between all of the other places in the city.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02
Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human
Cardiovascular System
3. Which
part of the body is often diseased in alcoholics due to exposure to
alcohol?
A. liver
B. stomach
C. kidneys
D. esophagus
E. large intestine
The liver is often diseased because the liver removes toxins and
chemicals from the blood. Excessive amounts of alcohol removed by the liver
often damages the liver tissue.
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 05.01.02
Summarize the functions of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human
Cardiovascular System
4. What
are the two components of the cardiovascular system?
A. heart
and blood vessels
B. arteries and heart
C. veins and heart
D. arteries and veins
E. capillaries and veins
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the blood
vessels.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 05.01.01
Identify the two components of the cardiovascular system.
Section: 05.01
Topic: Human
Cardiovascular System
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