Foundations of Education, 13th Edition by Allan C. Ornstein – Test Bank

 

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Sample Test

Chapter_3_The_World_Origins_of_American_Education

1. As societies changed, so did their view of the purposes of schools and the educational needs of citizens.
Consequently, the content included in the curriculum changed over time. Discuss and analyze how the curriculum
has changed throughout history in response to societal changes utilizing the at least three of ideals presented in this
chapter.
ANSWER: Answers could center on the perceived educational needs of the citizens during each of
the time periods discussed in the chapter. There was a gradual shift from education for
the elite to education for the masses. Similarly, the content in the schools changed to
address varied needs. The development of vocational education is an example of this
change.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: Chapter 3 The World Origins of American Education
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.03.01 – Discuss how the preliterate societies used an oral tradition to
enculturate children and why it is still used in contemporary education.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.02 – Explain how chinese educators, especially confucius,
developed an ethical system and its significance in asian countries.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.03 – Examine how hieroglyphics led to the development of scribal
schools in ancient egypt and why primary schools throughout the world continue to
emphasize reading and writing.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.04 – Describe the concept of monotheism and how reading and
studying sacred scripture shaped western education
FOED.ORNS.17.03.05 – Determine how the ancient greek ideal of the liberal arts and
science shaped the course of western higher education.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.06 Analyze
how rome’s political and economic transition from a
republic to an imperial empire changed its education content and values.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.07 – Analyze the method that scholastic educators in the Middle
Ages used to reconcile Christian doctrines and scriptures with the classical learning
inherited from Greece and Rome.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.08 – Describe the Islamic contribution to medicine and
mathematics.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.09 Assess
the Renaissance educator’s ideal of the teacher as an
expert and a critic of culture, literature, and art.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.10 Discuss
the Reformation’s impact on the growth of schools,
the increase in school attendance, and the supervision of teachers.
FOED.ORNS.17.03.11 Analyze
how the Enlightenment’s emphasis on nature and
science inaugurated change in educational theory and practices.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Applying
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Chapter_5_Historical_Development_of_American_Education

1. The role of women has changed considerably since colonial times. Similarly, educational opportunities for women
have changed. What was the role of women during the colonial period? What were the educational opportunities for
women at that time? What have been some of the influences since that time on changes in the role of women and in
educational opportunities for women?
ANSWER: Women in colonial times were expected to be wives and mothers. With few other
career choices, educational opportunities beyond town schools were limited. Answers
should discuss the types of schooling available to women at that time. The influences
for change have been incremental. The creation of normal schools and publicly
supported high schools were significant events in opening up career options for women.
Answers could include a number of other influences, such as legislation (for example,
Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments Act).
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 5-1 The Colonial Period
5-2 The Early National Period
5-3 The Movement Toward Public Schooling
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.05.01 – Describe how European ideas about culture, education, and
schools shaped education in North America during the colonial period and how these
ideas are relevant for contemporary education.
FOED.ORNS.17.05.02 – Assess how the ideas of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas
Jefferson, Benjamin Rush, and Noah Webster shaped American education in the early
national period and their relevancy for contemporary education.
FOED.ORNS.17.05.03 – Clarify the ways in which the common school had an impact
on the movement toward public education and teacher education.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyzing
2. The involvement of the federal government in education has gradually increased since the colonial period. This
influence can be seen in the judicial, legislative, and executive branches of the federal government. Identify and
analyze key events and influences on education from these three branches of the federal government.
ANSWER: A number of examples could be given in the answers. The U.S. Supreme Court ruling
in Lau v. Nichols is a prime example of federal judicial influence. Legislative influence
can be illustrated by the Morrill Act, the G.I. Bill, and many other laws. Executive
influence can be illustrated by the Department of Education.
DIFFICULTY: Difficulty
REFERENCES: 5-6 Immigration and Education in a Culturally Pluralistic Society
5-7 The Common Core: A Historically Referenced Issue
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.05.06 – Assess the policies public schools used to educate a racially,
ethnically, and linguistically diverse population of students.
FOED.ORNS.17.05.07 – Summarize the history of the controversy over Common Core
Standards.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyzing
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