Fit and Well 5Th Canadian Edition By Thomas D. Fahey -Test Bank

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Sample Test

Chapter 03

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

True / False Questions

1. The aorta circulates deoxygenated blood to general body circulation.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-02 The Cardiorespiratory System

2. Blood pressure is the force created by the blood against the wall of the arteries.
TRUE

3. Blood pressure is greater during systole than during diastole.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-02 The Cardiorespiratory System

4. Arteries carry blood to the heart.
FALSE

5. Cardiac output is a function of heart rate and stroke volume.
TRUE

6. The respiratory system supplies the body with carbon dioxide.
FALSE

7. Carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged between alveoli and the capillaries in the lungs.
TRUE

8. Blood sugar is necessary for energy.
TRUE

9. The energy system that uses ATP and creatine phosphate fuels the body for long exercise sessions.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

10. The non-oxidative (anaerobic) energy system is used for high intensity activities lasting about 10 seconds to two minutes.
TRUE

11. Fit people can tolerate higher levels of lactic acid than their non-fit counterparts.
TRUE

12. During high-intensity activities, fat is the favored fuel.
FALSE

13. Fit individuals use a greater proportion of fat as a fuel.
TRUE

14. Long distance running uses only the oxidative energy system.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

15. Improved fitness allows you to exercise at higher intensities before the abrupt build-up of metabolic acids referred to as the lactate threshold.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

16. Cardiorespiratory endurance exercise enhances heart health by increasing the heart’s blood and oxygen supply.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-06 Improved Cardiorespiratory Functioning

17. The reason why blood flow to the skin increases during exercise is to help cool the body.
TRUE

18. People who are fit have a higher resting heart rate than people who are unfit.
FALSE

19. Quicker activity performance and a lower heart rate during a cardiorespiratory test indicate a high level of cardiorespiratory endurance.
TRUE

20. Planning 15-60 minutes of aerobic exercise after each strength training session can offset the cardiovascular stress caused by strength training.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-06 Improved Cardiorespiratory Functioning

21. Exercise can help prevent cell damage caused by free radicals.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-07 Improved Cellular Metabolism

22. Exercise increases levels of low-density lipoproteins.
FALSE

23. High levels of HDL are common in people who are very active and physically fit.
TRUE

24. Exercise of sufficient intensity can increase metabolic rate for several hours following an exercise session.
TRUE

25. Fit people cannot get type 2 diabetes.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-08 Reduced Risk of Chronic Disease

26. Intense endurance exercise raises the resting metabolic rate.
TRUE

27. Moderate endurance exercise boosts immune function.
TRUE

28. Excessive training depresses the body’s immunity.
TRUE

29. Regular endurance exercise has no impact on anxiety, depression, stress, anger, and hostility.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-11 Improved Psychological and Emotional Well-Being

30. The body’s ability to maintain a level of exertion for an extended period of time is a direct reflection of cardiorespiratory fitness.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-12 Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness

31. The 1.6 km walk test estimates your cardiorespiratory ability by estimating your max heart rate.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-13 Choosing an Assessment Test

32. The pulse can be taken at the carotid artery in the wrist or at the radial artery in the neck.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-14 Monitoring Your Heart Rate

33. The results from a cardiorespiratory fitness assessment test can be used to set goals for your client.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-17 Setting Goals

34. Through endurance exercise training, maximal oxygen consumption can be improved up to 50% in most people.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-17 Setting Goals

35. Target heart rate zone is from 50% to 70% of maximum heart rate.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-18 Applying the FITT Equation

36. The “talk test” may be used to monitor exercise intensity.
TRUE

37. Frequency is the most important factor in achieving training effects.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-18 Applying the FITT Equation

38. The fitter you are, the higher your target heart rate.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-18 Applying the FITT Equation

39. A 20-year-old would have a target heart rate of 127 bpm-180 bpm.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-18 Applying the FITT Equation

40. Ratings of perceived exertion are not as reliable as calculations for target heart rate to monitor exercise intensity.
FALSE

41. The total time (duration) of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise should be 20-60 minutes.
TRUE

42. It is best to stretch after the body temperature has been elevated.
TRUE

43. When cooling down after an exercise session, the healthier choice is to get your heart rate below 100 beats per minute.
TRUE

44. In the initial phase of a cardiorespiratory program, a higher target heart zone is commonly used.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-20 Building Cardiorespiratory Fitness

45. As part of cardiorespiratory training, engaging in multiple types of endurance activities is referred to as cross-training.
TRUE

46. Heat cramps occur primarily as a result of the depletion of sodium and potassium from muscles.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-23 Hot Weather and Heat Stress

47. Heatstroke requires emergency medical treatment.
TRUE

48. The freezing of body tissues is called hypothermia.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-24 Cold Weather

49. Wind chill values reflect both the temperature and the effect of wind speed on the temperature.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-24 Cold Weather

50. Air pollution can have a negative impact on exercise performance.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-25 Poor Air Quality

51. In treating a soft tissue injury, ice should not be left on one spot for more than 20 minutes.
TRUE

52. The best treatment for a blister is to pop it, remove the skin covering the blister, and cover it with a bandage.
FALSE

Multiple Choice Questions

53. Which one of the following sports would require a high level of cardiorespiratory endurance?
A.Soccer
B. Springboard diving
C. Walking
D. Bowling

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-16 Developing a Cardiorespiratory Endurance Program

54. What are the names of the two circulatory systems through which the heart pumps blood?
A.Upper and lower circulation
B. Pulmonary and cardiac circulation
C. Vascular and systemic circulation
D. Pulmonary and systemic circulation

55. Which of the following would be responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood to the heart?
A.The aorta
B. The pulmonary veins
C. The pulmonary arteries
D. The left ventricle.

56. The two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing to the lower chambers are called:
A.ventricles
B. atria
C. septum
D. valves

57. During systole, the heart is:
A.at rest
B. contracting
C. suffering an attack
D. filling with blood

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-02 The Cardiorespiratory System

58. A person’s total blood volume is circulated about once every _____ seconds.
A.10
B. 30
C. 60
D. 120

59. The small blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins and distribute blood to all parts of the body are the:
A.venules
B. arterioles
C. capillaries
D. veins

60. What function do alveoli serve for the lungs?
A.They ensure that air flows completely through the lungs.
B. They prevent dust and pollen from entering the lungs.
C. They help to expand and contract the lungs.
D. They allow for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

61. If the body’s glycogen stores are full and all immediate energy needs have been met, what happens to the remaining glucose?
A.It is processed by the large intestine.
B. It is stored as fat in the body’s fatty tissues.
C. It is excreted via urine.
D. It remains in the blood stream until it can be readily used.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

62. The immediate energy system relies on what two components?
A.Oxygen and ATP
B. ATP and glucose
C. Creatine phosphate and ATP
D. Oxygen and creatine phosphate

63. ATP production is most rapid in which of the body’s energy system(s)?
A.In all energy systems
B. Oxidative energy system
C. Anaerobic-lactic energy system
D. Anaerobic-oxidative energy system

64. Energy nutrients include:
A.vitamins and minerals.
B. protein and vitamins.
C. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
D. ATP and folic acid.

65. During digestion, most carbohydrates are broken down into:
A.amino acids
B. fatty acids
C. glucose
D. oxygen

Technically, the word glucose is wrong. All carbohydrates are broken into monosaccharides, and they are then converted into glucose in the liver. Mistake in the textbook.

66. The storage form of carbohydrate in the liver, muscles, and kidney is:
A.glucose
B. glycogen
C. adenosine triphosphate
D. lactic acid

67. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is defined as:
A.the building block of proteins.
B. the stored form of glucose.
C. the stored form of fats.
D. the basic form of energy used by cells.

68. An example of an activity that primarily uses the immediate energy system is:
A.running a marathon.
B. throwing a baseball.
C. walking.
D. sailing

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

69. The non-oxidative energy system typically provides energy for:
A.3 or fewer seconds
B. 10-120 seconds
C. 3-5 minutes
D. 5-60 minutes

70. Olympic calibre athletes may be able to increase their metabolic rate by:
A.100%
B. 500%
C. 1000%
D. 2000%

71. Accumulation of lactic acid has the potential to increase:
A.immunity
B. fatigue
C. metabolism
D. soreness

72. The oxidative energy system produces ATP in structures called:
A.alveoli
B. capillaries
C. mitochondria
D. atria

73. Which of the following activities would utilize fat as the primary source of fuel?
A.Walking 10 kilometres
B. An intense game of squash for 30 minutes
C. Bowling
D. Sprinting

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

74. Latisha is in a cross-country road race. Midway through, she has to sprint to pass a competitor. She relies on the _____ energy system to supply the fuel to do this.
A.oxidative
B. fat-carbohydrate
C. non-oxidative
D. cardiorespiratory

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

75. Why would the oxidative system be important for a sport such as hockey that relies heavily on the non-oxidative system for a high percentage of the play?
A.To be able to hit a more powerful slap shot
B. To be able to skate faster
C. To be able to restore energy to the cells during rests
D. To be able to skate a one-minute shift without getting injured

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Describe how the body produces the energy it needs for exercise.
Topic: 03-03 Energy Production

76. Two huge predictors of an individual’s maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) are:
A.the type of sport a person plays and gender.
B. gender and blood type.
C. genetics and level of cardiorespiratory fitness.
D. health and wellness.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 List the major effects and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance exercise.
Topic: 03-06 Improved Cardiorespiratory Functioning

77. Which one of the following is considered a cardiorespiratory response to exercise?
A.Decreased cellular function
B. Increased sensitivity to insulin
C. Decrease in renal filtration rate
D. Increased cardiac output

78. Endurance exercise can help to increase levels of:
A.HDL
B. LDL
C. triglycerides
D. glucose

79. Regular moderate endurance exercise can help improve health and well-being by:
A.increasing the production of free radicals
B. reducing the risk of having a car accident
C. increasing triglyceride levels
D. enhancing emotional wellness

80. Regular cardiorespiratory endurance exercise
A.reduces levels of high-density lipoproteins.
B. Reduces insulin sensitivity.
C. Enhances the function of endothelial cells.
D. Increases inflammation of the arteries

81. Cardiorespiratory training improves cellular metabolism which can help to:
A.speed up glycogen depletion for energy use.
B. reduce the size of mitochondria so the cells become more efficient.
C. heal injuries and reduce muscle aches.
D. limit the muscles ability to use lactic acid.

82. Free radicals are:
A.complex carbohydrates that fuel muscle activity.
B. Metabolic by-products that cause fatigue.
C. Reactive compounds that can cause chemical damage to cells.
D. Cellular structures that contain enzymes.

83. Improved cellular metabolism as a result of an increase in maximal oxygen consumption include:
A.an increased ability to pump more oxygenated blood by the heart.
B. Higher concentration of ATP in the blood.
C. An increase in the number of mitochondria.
D. A better immune system.

84. Exercise may reduce a person’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes because exercise:
A.reduces blood fats.
B. Speeds the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract.
C. Helps to regulate sugar level.
D. Increases the concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

85. Regular endurance exercise reduces the risk of coronary heart disease by:
A.improving a person’s lipid profile.
B. Lowering toxins in the blood.
C. Improving lung function.
D. Building more muscle.

86. Regular endurance exercise contributes to better control of body fat by:
A.decreasing calorie requirements.
B. Decreasing daily energy intake.
C. Increasing calorie intake.
D. Increasing daily energy expenditure.

87. Long-term effects of regular cardiorespiratory exercise include, increased:
A.sweat rate
B. resting heart rate
C. platelet stickiness
D. body fat

88. Sedentary individuals experience shortening of telomeres over time, eventually reducing the effectiveness of the _____ system.
A.Integumentary
B. Immune
C. Nervous
D. Muscular

89. Regular exercise reduces all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.anxiety and stress.
B. muscular endurance.
C. resting heart rate.
D. anger and hostility.

90. Cardiorespiratory endurance is best measured in terms of:
A.maximal oxygen consumption
B. minutes per mile
C. maximal pounds lifted
D. blood pressure

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-12 Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness

91. All of the following are sub-maximal tests that estimates cardiorespiratory fitness, EXCEPT:
A.the 1.6 km walk test.
B. the 3-minute step test.
C. the VO₂ max test.
D. the 20 metre shuttle run.

92. Which one of the following statements about monitoring exercise heart rate is TRUE?
A.monitoring your running speed
B. monitoring your breathing speed
C. observing your fatigue status
D. Count your pulse during exercise to monitor your intensity.

93. In addition to pulse counting, one may also monitor exercise intensity by using:
A.ratings of perceived exertion.
B. exercise duration.
C. intensity of training
D. frequency of training.

94. An appropriate exercise heart rate for an average individual is _____ of the maximum heart rate.
A.35-50%
B. 55-68%
C. 70-85%
D. 95%

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain how cardiorespiratory endurance is measured and assessed.
Topic: 03-14 Monitoring Your Heart Rate

95. Through endurance training, an individual may be able to improve maximum oxygen consumption VO₂ max, by about:
A.10-30%
B. 20-40%
C. 30-50%
D. 40-60%

96. Improvements in maximal oxygen consumption through endurance training are most pronounced in _____.
A.beginners
B. elite athletes
C. young children
D. amateur athletes

97. The most important exercise factor for achieving training effects is _____.
A.time (duration)
B. repetition
C. frequency
D. intensity

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-18 Applying the FITT Equation

98. To obtain a good endurance workout and boost cardiorespiratory fitness during activities such as aerobics or swimming, the heart rate should be kept in the target zone for:
A.10 minutes, five days per week.
B. 15 minutes, four days per week.
C. 30 minutes, seven days per week.
D. 45 minutes, five days per week.

99. For a beginner wanting to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, he/she should start with an exercise session 3-4 days per week for a duration of:
A.12-15 minutes
B. 15-20 minutes
C. 20-30 minutes
D. 30-45 minutes

100. Rate of perceived exertion:
A.monitors the intensity of exercise without measuring pulse.
B. monitors the intensity of exercise by measuring pulse.
C. monitors the intensity of exercise by measuring blood pressure.
D. monitors the intensity of exercise without measuring blood pressure.

101. Which of the following warm-ups would be MOST inappropriate for a runner about to run a 100m sprint?
A.A one kilometre jog
B. Two minutes of stretching followed by a quick sprint
C. Walking 3 kilometres to the race and then performing some light stretches for lower back and legs
D. Light calisthenics (aerobic type movements) for five minutes

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-19 Warming Up and Cooling Down

102. Cooling down after exercise is important to:
A.boost oxygen consumption.
B. spread synovial fluid within the joints.
C. restore circulation to its normal resting condition.
D. maintain blood flow to the extremities.

103. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) is:
A.the highest rate of oxygen consumption an individual is capable of, during maximum physical effort.
B. the velocity of oxygen flowing through the blood.
C. solely determined by genetics.
D. very difficult to predict.

104. As a result of regular endurance exercise, resting heart rate is often:
A.up to 30 beats per minute lower.
B. 10-20 beats per minute lower.
C. up to 10 beats per minute higher.
D. 10-20 beats per minute higher.

105. The initial phase of building one’s cardiorespiratory fitness program, may last for:
A.1-2 weeks.
B. 3-6 weeks.
C. 5-7 weeks.
D. 6-8 weeks.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-19 Warming Up and Cooling Down

106. Which one of the following statements about monitoring exercise heart rate is TRUE?
A.Count your pulse for 5 minutes.
B. Press firmly on the carotid artery, and count for 2 minutes.
C. Use your thumb and not one of your fingers.
D. Count your pulse immediately after stopping exercise for 1 minute.

107. All of the following are TRUE about the improvement phase in a cardiorespiratory fitness program, EXCEPT:
A.Quick overloads enhance cardiorespiratory fitness quickly
B. Avoid increasing intensity and duration in the same session
C. Avoid changing all three variables in one week
D. Increasing duration in increments of 5-10 minutes every 2-3 weeks is appropriate

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe how frequency; intensity; time (duration); and type of exercise affect the development of cardiorespiratory endurance.
Topic: 03-20 Building Cardiorespiratory Fitness

108. Cross training is:
A.engaging in multiple types of strength exercises.
B. engaging in multiple types of flexibility exercises.
C. engaging in multiple types of endurance exercises.
D. engaging in multiple types of strength and flexibility exercises.

109. Excessive loss of body fluid is called:
A.dehydration.
B. heat cramps.
C. heat exhaustion.
D. heatstroke.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-23 Hot Weather and Heat Stress

110. Which of the following statements about fluid balance is FALSE?
A.For workouts longer than 90 minutes, sports drinks may be recommended as fluid replacement.
B. Most people drink too much water.
C. Weighing oneself before and after exercise can help determine if one is drinking enough fluid.
D. Dehydration can occur in comfortable temperatures as well as hot weather.

111. During exercise in the heat, muscle fatigue is the most direct cause of which of the following?
A.Dehydration
B. Heat cramps
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Heatstroke

112. The failure of the brain’s temperature regulatory center is involved in which of the following?
A.Dehydration
B. Heat cramps
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Heatstroke

113. Which of the following requires immediate medical attention?
A.Dehydration
B. Heat cramps
C. Heat exhaustion
D. Heatstroke

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-23 Hot Weather and Heat Stress

114. If heat loss exceeds the body’s ability to warm itself, _____ can result.
A.frostbite
B. hypothermia
C. wind chill
D. oxidation

115. All of the following aid in exercising in cold environments, EXCEPT:
A.dressing in a single layer.
B. covering the head and the neck.
C. covering the fingers, the toes, and the ears.
D. wearing clothing that breathes and will wick moisture away.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-24 Cold Weather

116. All of the following are symptoms of poor air quality, EXCEPT:
A.eye irritation.
B. difficulty breathing.
C. throat infection.
D. headache and malaise.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-25 Poor Air Quality

117. Recommended treatments of minor soft tissue injuries, such as bruises, does NOT include:
A.rest.
B. elevation.
C. ice.
D. massage.

118. _____ should NOT be treated with R-I-C-E (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
A.Blisters
B. Joint sprains
C. Muscle strains
D. Tendonitis

119. Guidelines for preventing exercise injuries do NOT include:
A.avoiding or minimizing high impact activities.
B. exercising through illnesses or fatigue to maintain consistency.
C. gradually increase the intensity of your workouts.
D. using proper body mechanics.

Short Answer Questions

120. _________________ is the amount of blood ejected out of the heart every beat.

Stroke volume

121. The _______________________________________ is used at the start of an exercise session and for high-intensity activities lasting for about 10 seconds to two minutes, such as the 400-metre run.

Non-oxidative (anaerobic) energy system

122. The rate at which the body uses energy is called ____________________.

metabolic rate

123. Regular exercise may also help protect your cells from chemical damage caused by agents called _________________________

Free radicals

124. ____________________ is the body’s response to tissue and cell damage, environment poisons, or poor metabolic health.

Inflammation

125. Moderate-endurance exercise _________________ immune function, whereas excessive training (overtraining) __________ it.

Boosts; depresses

126. ____________________ and ____________________ are some of the psychological and emotional benefits of regular exercise.

Any two of the following: Reduced anxiety, reduced depression, improved sleep, reduced stress, enhanced self-esteem

127. ____________________ is an example of a sub-maximal cardiorespiratory assessment test.

1.6 km walk or 3-minute step test or 2.4 km run-walk test

128. The difference between maximum heart rate and resting heart rate used in one method for calculating target heart rate range is called _______________________.

heart rate reserve

129. _______________________ is the rate at which you should exercise to experience cardiorespiratory benefits.

Target heart rate zone

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-05 Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries.
Topic: 03-24 Cold Weather

130. _________________ is the freezing of body tissues that is a potential danger of exercise in extremely cold conditions.

Frostbite

131. Trace the path of blood flow as it travels through the cardiovascular system.

Step 1. Waste-laden, oxygen-poor blood travels through large vessels, called venae cavae, into the heart’s right upper chamber, or atrium.

Step 2. After the right atrium fills, it contracts and pumps blood into the heart’s right ventricle.

Step 3. When the right ventricle is full, it contracts and pumps blood through the pulmonary artery into the lungs.

Step 4. In the lungs, blood picks up oxygen and discards carbon dioxide.

Step 5. The cleaned, oxygenated blood flows from the lungs through the pulmonary veins into the heart’s left atrium.

Step 6. After the left atrium fills, it contracts and pumps blood into the left ventricle.

Step 7. When the left ventricle is full, it pumps blood through the aorta -the body’s largest artery-for distribution to the rest of the body’s blood vessels.

132. What are the three energy systems that provide energy during exercise? Describe them in detail.

The immediate energy system: The immediate (“explosive”) energy system provides energy rapidly but for only a short period of time. It is used to fuel activities that last for about 10 or fewer seconds-examples in sports include weight lifting and shot-putting.

The non-oxidative energy system: The non-oxidative (anaerobic) energy system is used at the start of an exercise session and for high-intensity activities lasting for about 10 seconds to 2 two minutes, such as the 400-metre run. During daily activities, this system may be called on to help you run to catch a bus or dash up several flights of stairs.

The oxidative energy system: The oxidative (aerobic) energy system is used during any physical activity that lasts longer than about 2 two minutes, such as distance running, swimming, hiking, or even standing in line. The oxidative system requires oxygen to generate ATP, which is why it is considered an aerobic system. The oxidative system cannot produce energy as quickly as the other two systems, but it can supply energy for much longer periods of time. It provides energy during most daily activities.

133. Identify the primary benefits of cardio-respiratory endurance exercise to health, with an example for each.

Improved Cardio-respiratory functioning: maintains or increases the heart’s own blood flow and oxygen supply.

Improved Cellular Metabolism: increases number of capillaries in the muscles, there increases fuel and oxygen supply.

Reduced Risk of chronic Disease: reduces risk of cardiovascular disease.

Better Control of Body fat: regular exercise increases daily calorie expenditure so that a healthy diet is less likely to lead to weight gain.

Improved Immune Function: Physically fit individuals get fewer colds and upper respiratory tract infections than people who are not fit.

Improved Psychological and Emotional Well-Being: individuals who exercise regularly experience social, psychological and emotional benefits from exercise.

134. What are the benefits of cardiorespiratory training on the cellular metabolism?

– Increasing the number of capillaries in the muscles. Additional capillaries supply the muscles with more fuel and oxygen and more quickly eliminate waste products. Greater capillary density also helps heal injuries and reduce muscle aches.
– Training muscles to make the most of oxygen and fuel so they work more efficiently.
– Increasing the size of and number of mitochondria in muscle cells, increasing cells’ energy capacity.
– Preventing glycogen depletion and increasing the muscles’ ability to use lactic acid and fat as fuels.

135. Describe in detail any two of the cardio-respiratory fitness assessment tests.

Answers will vary

136. What are the components of the FITT equation? Briefly describe each of them.

Frequency of Training: Accumulating at least 150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity is enough to promote health.

Intensity of Training: intensity is the most important factor for increasing aerobic fitness. One must exercise intensely enough to stress their body so that fitness improves.

Time of Training: A total duration of 30-60 minutes is recommended. Exercise can take place in a single session or in multiple sessions lasting 10 or more minutes. The total duration of exercise depends on the intensity.

Type of Activity: cardio-respiratory endurance exercises include activities that involve the rhythmic use of large muscle groups for an extended period of time such as jogging, walking, cycling, aerobic dancing and other forms of group exercise.

137. Define and describe MET’s.

– One MET represents the body’s resting metabolic rate-that is, the energy or calorie requirement of the body at rest.
– Exercise intensity is expressed in multiples of resting metabolic rate. For example, an exercise intensity of 2 METs is twice the resting metabolic rate.
– METs are used to describe exercise intensities for occupational activities and exercise programs.
– Exercise intensities of less than 3-4 METs are considered low (Household chores and most industrial jobs fall into this category). Exercise at these intensities does not improve fitness for most people, but it will improve fitness for people with low physical capacities.
– Activities that increase metabolism by 6-8 METs are classified as moderate-intensity exercises and are suitable for most people beginning an exercise program.
– Vigorous exercise increases metabolic rate by more than 10 METs. (Fast running or cycling, as well as intense play in sports like racquetball, can place people in this category.)

138. What are the consequences of exercising in hot temperatures? Write a brief explanation for each.

Dehydration: Sweating during exercise depletes your body’s water supply and can lead to dehydration if fluids aren’t replaced.

Heat cramps: Involuntary cramping and spasms in the muscle groups used during exercise.

Heat Exhaustion: This occurs when an insufficient amount of blood returns to the heart because so much of the body’s blood volume is bring directed to working muscles (for exercise) and to the skin for cooling.

Heat Stroke: This is a major medical emergency involving the failure of the brains temperature regulatory center. The body does not sweat enough and body temperature rises dramatically to extremely dangerous levels.

Chapter 05

Flexibility and Low-Back Health

True / False Questions

1. Flexibility increases in response to stretching exercises.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-01 What Determines Flexibility?

2. Dynamic stretching includes forceful bouncing movements.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-01 What Determines Flexibility?

3. The flexibility of a joint is affected by its structure, the nature of the surrounding tissue and muscle elasticity and length.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-01 What Determines Flexibility?

4. Titin is a protein found in muscle that has elastic properties.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

5. If one’s flexibility is pushed to the limit, it is possible to rupture connective tissue.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

6. Soft tissue includes skin, muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-03 Muscle Elasticity and Length

7. Two components of connective tissue are collages and elastin.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-03 Muscle Elasticity and Length

8. Elastic elongation is the long-term change in the length of muscles, tendons and ligaments.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-03 Muscle Elasticity and Length

9. When a muscle reaches its limit of flexibility, connective tissue becomes more brittle and may rupture.
TRUE

10. Stretch receptors are structures in the muscle that need to be targeted in order to improve flexibility.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

11. Stretches that involve bouncy movements are most effective for increasing an individual’s range of motion.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

12. A slow stretch prompts a stronger reaction from proprioceptors.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

13. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation takes advantage of the nerve activity to improve flexibility.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

14. Good flexibility provides benefits for the entire musculoskeletal system.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-05 Benefits of Flexibility

15. Increased flexibility has been shown to improve performance in some sports by allowing a person to exert force through a greater range of motion.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-06 Joint Health

16. Good joint flexibility will prevent arthritis in older people.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-06 Joint Health

17. Poor spinal stability puts pressure on the nerves leading out of the spinal column.
TRUE

18. People will high spinal flexibility may have a decreased risk of injury.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-07 Prevention of Low-Back Pain and Injuries

19. Recent research suggests that exercise-induced muscle cramps are caused by decreased electrical activity within the affected muscle.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-08 Additional Potential Benefits

20. Yoga or tai-chi related flexibility exercises may reduce mental and physical tension.
TRUE

21. The sit-and-reach test is the most commonly used flexibility test.
TRUE

22. Stretching relieves tension and stress.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

23. Flexibility is joint specific.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

24. A stretch should be held in position for a minimum of 45 seconds.
FALSE

25. It is beneficial to increase muscle temperature before stretching.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

26. Following a stretching workout, muscle soreness that lasts more than 24 hours is an indication of overstretching.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

27. There are several ways to improve flexibility.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

28. Stretching may temporarily decrease the degree of muscle soreness after exercise.
TRUE

29. In active stretching, an outside force or resistance assists your muscles and joints in moving through a range of motion.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-11 Applying the FITT Principle

30. Keeping track of your body position while stretching can help estimate progress.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-04 Describe the different types of stretching exercises and how they affect muscles.
Topic: 05-12 Making Progress

31. An upper back stretch can stretch the muscles and other soft tissue in the upper back.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-05 List safe stretching exercises for major joints.
Topic: 05-13 Exercise to Improve Flexibility: A Sample Program

32. Intervertebral disks are partially made up of water.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-15 Function and Structure of the Spine

33. The thoracic vertebrae are found in the neck.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-15 Function and Structure of the Spine

34. Intervertebral disks maintain the spaces between vertebrae.
TRUE

35. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves that branch off of the spinal cord.
TRUE

36. The pelvic floor muscles are good examples of core muscles.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-16 Core Muscle Fitness

37. The most common site of back pain is the cervical region.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-17 Causes of Back Pain

38. Smoking is a risk factor for low-back pain.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-17 Causes of Back Pain

39. Numbness in the foot is a possible symptom of damaged intervertebral disks.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-17 Causes of Back Pain

40. During any dynamic movement, the core muscles work together; some muscles shorten while others lengthen.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-18 Preventing Low-Back Pain

41. Sleeping on one’s stomach can reduce low-back pain.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-19 Managing Acute Back Pain

42. Most cases of acute back pain last longer than a month.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-19 Managing Acute Back Pain

43. Bed rest for at least 5 days is recommended in cases of acute back pain.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-19 Managing Acute Back Pain

44. Exercise can help prevent and manage low-back pain.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-19 Managing Acute Back Pain

45. Emphasize exercise to improve strength rather than endurance to protect the back from injury.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-19 Managing Acute Back Pain

46. The best time of day to perform stretching exercises for the back is in the morning.
FALSE

47. The back is more flexible after a good night’s sleep than it would be at the end of the day.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain how low-back pain can be prevented and managed.
Topic: 05-20 Managing Chronic Back Pain

Multiple Choice Questions

48. Flexibility is defined as:
A.The ability of the tendon to control the movement in the joint
B. The ability of the joint to move through its full range of motion
C. The ability of the joint to move with the muscle pair attached to it
D. the ability of the ligaments to control the movement in the joint

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-01 What Determines Flexibility?

49. Only one of the following statements about flexibility is TRUE. Which one is it?
A.Good flexibility can slow joint deterioration.
B. Flexibility is not joint specific.
C. Flexibility improves strength.
D. The best way to improve flexibility is by performing ballistic stretching on a regular basis.

50. Stretching exercises should be performed:
A.after a warm-up or workout.
B. immediately before all high-performance activities.
C. to the point of pain.
D. while holding one’s breath.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-01 What Determines Flexibility?

51. The flexibility of the joint is affected by all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.joint structure.
B. muscle elasticity.
C. muscle length.
D. Bone density

52. Hinge joints allow for which type of movement?
A.Movement in multiple directions/planes
B. Movement forward and back
C. Movement side to side
D. Hinge joints are immovable

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

53. Ball and socket allow for which type of movement(s)?
A.Movement in multiple directions/planes
B. Movement forward and back
C. Movement side to side
D. Hinge joints are immovable

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

54. Which one of the following is a significant determinant of flexibility?
A.Mitochondria
B. How fit the person is
C. Level of cardiorespiratory fitness
D. Muscle elasticity

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

55. Joint capsules are:
A.yellow fibres that make connective tissue flexible.
B. sense organs in muscles that initiate nerve signals.
C. semielastic structures that surround major joints.
D. white fibres that provide support in connective tissue.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

56. All of the following have an impact on joint flexibility EXCEPT:
A.Gender
B. Heredity
C. Muscle strength
D. Fitness level

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-02 Joint Structure

57. Examples of soft tissues include all of the following EXCEPT:
A.bone.
B. muscle.
C. ligament.
D. tendon.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-03 Muscle Elasticity and Length

58. Collagen and elastin are principal types of structures observed in the:
A.nerve tissue.
B. connective tissue.
C. blood tissue.
D. fat tissue.

59. The yellow fibres that make connective tissue flexible are:
A.collagen.
B. elastin.
C. titin.
D. stretch receptors.

60. Two principal types of connective tissue in a muscle are:
A.collagen and myofibrils.
B. myofibrils and elastin.
C. myofibrils and disks.
D. elastin and collagen.

61. When muscle is stretched, the elastin fibres straighten, and when regularly leads to long-term lengthening and is called __________.
A.Elastic elongation
B. Elastin elongation
C. Plastic elongation
D. Collagen elongation

62. _____________ that strongly stimulate the receptors cause large, powerful reflex muscle contractions.
A.Rapid, powerful and sudden movement
B. Gentle stretching movements
C. Dynamic movements
D. Moving a 10 lb dumbbell gently

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

63. Proprioceptors are:
A.Sense organs that are located inside the bone, and communicate with the nervous system.
B. sense organs in muscles that send information about the muscle to the nervous system.
C. Sense organs that are located inside the brain.
D. Sense organs of the muscle fibres that help with elasticity.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

64. Nerves that send information about the muscular system are called:
A.proceptors.
B. proprioceptors.
C. nociceptors.
D. motor receptors.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 05-01 List the factors that affect a joint’s flexibility.
Topic: 05-04 Nervous System Regulation

65. All of the following are TRUE about the effect of tight muscles on joints, EXCEPT:
A.joint deterioration.
B. abnormal joint lubrication.
C. increased range of motion.
D. deterioration of cartilage cells within the joint.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 05-02 Identify the potential benefits of flexibility and stretching exercises.
Topic: 05-06 Joint Health

66. All of the following are TRUE about improved joint flexibility, EXCEPT:
A.improved quality of life.
B. good joint mobility.
C. increased incidence of pain.
D. improved elasticity of muscles, tendons, and ligaments.

67. Increased injury of the low back can occur if:
A.One is strong
B. One is weak
C. One is extremely or poorly flexible
D. One if fit

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